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EBE > business > Flashcards

business Flashcards

1
Q

refers to the total amount or quantity BEFORE deductions or expenses

A

Gross

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2
Q

refers to the amount or quantity AFTER deductions or expenses.

A

Net

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3
Q

Comparing an organization’s practices, processes, and products against the world’s best.

A

benchmarking

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4
Q

a statistical measure of how well a company is doing in a certain area.

A

KPI (key performance indicators)

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5
Q

measurements used to track performance

A

metrics

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6
Q

A procedure that evaluates the work and accomplishment of an employee and provides feedback on performance.

A

performance review

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7
Q

business to business

A

B2B

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8
Q

business to consumer

A

B2C

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9
Q

easily able to respond to incremental growth in demand

A

scalable

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10
Q

is a defining capability or advantage that distinguishes you from your competitors.

A

core competency

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11
Q

A smaller part of a larger market in which customers have more specific needs and wants

A

niche market

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12
Q

a visual image such as a chart or diagram used to represent information or data

A

infographic

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13
Q

The method of accounting in which you match revenue with expense regardless of when the cash may or may not be collected.

A

accrual

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14
Q

Comparing and matching your checkbook balance with your bank balance.

A

bank account reconciliation

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15
Q

A method of how a company generates revenue.

A

business model

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16
Q

A written outline that evaluates all aspects of your business.

A

business plan

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17
Q

Method of accounting in which you recognize income when you receive the cash, and expense when you receive the bill.

A

cash basis accounting

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18
Q

the process in which interest is earned on both the principal and on any previously earned interest

A

compounding

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19
Q

A decrease or loss in value

A

depreciation

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20
Q

One who organizes, operates, and assumes the risk in a business.

A

entrepreneur

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21
Q

An ownership interest in a business.

A

equity

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22
Q

a tax qualified employee benefit plan that invests in the stock of the employer.

A

employee stock ownership plan

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23
Q

The value of a company’s reputation which gives it a competitive edge and earning power. An intangible asset of a business derived from the perceived value of the business’ assets.

A

goodwill

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24
Q

IPO

A

Initial Public Offering

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25
Q

the ease with which an asset can be converted into cash

A

liquidity

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26
Q

The ability of a company to pay interest as it comes due and to repay the balance of debt due at its maturity.

A

solvency

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27
Q

Hiring workers in other countries to do a set of jobs

A

outsourcing

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28
Q

An amount earned by a corporation and not yet distributed to stockholders.

A

retained earnings

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29
Q

losses experienced by retailers due to shoplifting, employee theft, and damage to merchandise

A

shrinkage

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30
Q

Credit without collateral, such as credit cards.

A

unsecured credit

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31
Q

An arrangement to receive cash, goods, or services now and pay for them in the future.

A

credit

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32
Q

A sum paid or charged for the use of money or for borrowing money

A

interest

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33
Q

The purchase of one company or resources by another.

A

acquisition

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34
Q

This is a type of insurance policy. Upon retirement a lump sum is paid into it and the insurance company then provide a regular income.

A

annuity

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35
Q

An official inspection of a company’s, or individual’s, accounts.

A

audit

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36
Q

incidents that describe highly improbable but high-impact events

A

black swan events

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37
Q

An agreement made when money is borrowed from an investor at a set rate of interest. It is repaid over a set period of time. Bonds are rated from the safest (AAA) to the riskiest (D), also known as ‘junk bonds’.

A

bond

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38
Q

The point in time when you will have paid back all your debts, or when revenues exactly match expenses.

A

break-even point

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39
Q

An individual who provides capital for a business start-up in return for a stake in the company.

A

business angel or angel investor

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40
Q

The tendency for economies to experience peaks and troughs that follows a cyclical pattern - known colloquially as ‘boom and bust’. Governments are tasked with smoothing the peaks and troughs and limiting the effect of these cycles on consumers and businesses.

A

business cycle

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41
Q

A security pledged for the repayment of a loan.

A

collateral

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42
Q

This is any item which can be freely bought and sold. Examples include gold, food products and coffee beans.

A

commodity

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43
Q

is a form of self-regulation, where companies integrate social, environmental and ethical policies into their overall business strategy. Companies embracing CSR should take responsibility for their actions and take a proactive approach to having a minimal negative impact on the world.

A

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

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44
Q

A person to whom money is owed

A

creditor

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45
Q

A person who owes money

A

debtor

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46
Q

a strategy of increasing sales by introducing new products into new markets. spreading out investments to reduce risk

A

diversification

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47
Q

represents the yearly real cost of a loan including all interest and fees. The total amount of interest to be paid is based on the original amount loaned, or the principal, and is represented in percentage form.

A

Annual Percentage Rate

48
Q

The maximum amount that a debtor can borrow

A

Credit limit

49
Q

the act of raising capital by borrowing money from a lender or a bank, to be repaid at a future date.

A

debt financing

50
Q

the rate is constant and doesn’t change. It might apply to the entire term of the loan or debt obligation, or for just part of it.

A

fixed interest rate

51
Q

interest rate rises or falls with the rest of the market or along with a benchmark interest rate.

A

floating interest rate

52
Q

is a claim or legal right against assets that are typically used as collateral to satisfy a debt.

A

lien

53
Q

refer to the terms and conditions involved when borrowing money.

A

loan term

54
Q

the value of all assets, minus the total of all liabilities.

A

net worth

55
Q

a firm’s cumulative net earnings or profit after accounting for dividends.

A

retained earnings

56
Q

is a performance measure used to evaluate the efficiency or profitability of an investment or compare the efficiency of a number of different investments.

A

Return on Investment (ROI)

57
Q

Provide an incentive (a motivation) for using a product or service.

A

incentivize

58
Q

Make money from a product or activity.

A

monetize

59
Q

Profit from a product or service after all expenses have been covered. Often referred to as a percentage.

A

margin

60
Q

Costs you must pay whether your business is doing well or not. Expenses such as utilities, rent, and employee salaries are considered fixed costs.

A

fixed costs

61
Q

Short for research and development.

A

R&D

62
Q

This term refers to a website that changes based on the type of device (tablet, phone, laptop, desktop) used to view it.

A

responsive design

63
Q

A specific factor that differentiates your product or service from your direct competitor (e.g., cost, quality, added use).

A

unique selling proposition

64
Q

The action or activity of gathering information about consumers’ needs and preferences so you can provide just the right product or service.

A

market research

65
Q

The characteristics of your ideal buyer.

A

Buyer Persona

66
Q

Testing two versions (an A version and a B version) to see which one performs better.

A

A/B Testing

67
Q

The purchase of one company or resources by another.

A

acquisition

68
Q

The process by which a person or business takes advantage of the difference in price of a share or a currency.

A

arbitrage

69
Q

This term originates from poker as blue chips are traditionally the highest-valued. Therefore, these company is one that is large and considered to be safe or prestigious.

A

blue-chip

70
Q

The exclusive legal right, owned by the individual or group who created a work, or by an individual or group assigned by the originator, to use certain material and to allow others the right to use the material.

A

copyright

71
Q

Money paid regularly by a company to its shareholders.

A

dividend

72
Q

The cost advantages obtained by a business when buying an item in bulk. The price of an item usually decreases as the amount bought increases.

A

economies of scale

73
Q

A plan to enable you to leave your business, either after achieving your goal or deciding you would like to move on to do something else while recouping any capital you invested when starting the company.

A

exit strategy

74
Q

An attractive package (typically a bonus, or stock options) that are offered to a senior employee as an incentive to join the company.

A

golden hello

75
Q

During a business takeover, this is a bidder who has no clearly stated intentions.

A

grey knight

76
Q

includes GDP, income earned by residents from overseas investments, minus income earned by foreign residents.

A

Gross National Product (GNP)

77
Q

These investments are only open to professional investors, pension funds and insurance companies.

A

hedge funds

78
Q

When two companies within the same industry and at the same stage in production merge together.

A

horizontal merger

79
Q

This is a takeover bid of a company that is deemed unacceptable or has unwelcome terms as deemed by the company’s board.

A

hostile takeover

80
Q

This is inflation that is rapid or out of control. It usually only occurs during wars or during severe political instability.

A

hyperinflation

81
Q

Any works or inventions that are original creative designs. The individual or company responsible for the designs will be entitled to apply for a copyright or trademark on the designs.

A

intellectual property

82
Q

When a company is acquired using borrowed funds. The debt is usually repaid by money made by the acquired company.

A

leveraged buyout

83
Q

The percentage or portion of the overall market controlled by one company.

A

market share

84
Q

When two or more companies are combined into one.

A

merger

85
Q

When the value of an asset you have already bought becomes worth less than what you initially paid.

A

negative equity

86
Q

An interest rate that isn’t adjusted for inflation.

A

nominal interest rate

87
Q

These values do not take inflation into account.

A

nominal values

88
Q

An official legal document confirming that an individual or company has the sole right to make, use or sell a particular invention.

A

patent

89
Q

These are the most common type of shares and are standard shares with no special rights or restrictions.

A

ordinary shares

90
Q

shares in which dividends are only paid after all other classes of shares have been paid

A

deferred shares

91
Q

represents some degree of ownership in a company but usually doesn’t come with the same voting rights.

A

preferred stock

92
Q

is the current value of a future sum of money or stream of cash flows given a specified rate of return.

A

present value

93
Q

A period of severe economic decline. Defined by a contraction of GDP for six months or longer.

A

recession

94
Q

tracks the value of shares on the exchange to demonstrate their performance.

A

share index

95
Q

A small business has fewer than 50 staff and a medium-sized business has fewer than 250 staff. Micro-businesses, with fewer than 10 staff, would also come under the term

A

small and medium-sized enterprises

96
Q

Any individual or party that has an interest in or may be affected by a business and/or its activities. This can include anyone, from shareholders to residents of the local community.

A

stakeholders

97
Q

The different elements making up the process involved in producing and distributing an item or items.

A

supply chain

98
Q

The buying out of one company by another.

A

takeover

99
Q

A logo, brand name or phrase legally registered by one company to represent them.

A

trademark

100
Q

A merger between companies that are in the same industry but are not at the same production stage. For example, if a car manufacturer buys a tyre company. They are part of the car manufacturing industry, but now the car maker can reduce the cost of tyres.

A

vertical merger

101
Q

The income from an investment. Calculated by taking the annual dividend or interest payment, multiplying by 100 and dividing by the current market price.

A

yield

102
Q

This is the capital a business uses in its day-to-day trading. It’s the difference between current assets and current liabilities. It provides an indication of liquidity and the businesses ability to meet its current obligations.

A

working capital

103
Q

are tools that help a business’
daily operations and eventually make it grow while

A

financial instruments

104
Q

refers to principles about how businesses and the organizational members should behave

A

business ethics

105
Q

entails selecting several years of comparable financial data. One year is selected as the baseline, often the oldest.

A

Horizontal analysis

106
Q

entails choosing a specific line item benchmark, then seeing how every other component on a financial statement compares to that benchmark.

A

vertical analysis

107
Q

involves measuring your company’s ability to generate profits from its operations.

A

profitability analysis

108
Q

involves measuring your company’s use of debt to finance its operations and assessing your ability to meet financial obligations, such as debt payments and other liabilities.

A

leverage analysis

109
Q

assessing your company’s growth potential and identifying opportunities for expansion.

A

growth analysis

110
Q

involves measuring your company’s ability to meet its short-term financial obligations.

A

liquidity analysis

111
Q

measures your company’s ability to meet its long-term obligations and ability to weather economic downturns or other challenges.

A

solvency analysis

112
Q

measuring a company’s efficiency in using its resources to generate revenue.

A

efficiency analysis

113
Q

examining your company’s cash inflows and outflows to determine its ability to generate cash and manage its cash flow.

A

cashflow analysis

114
Q

measuring your company’s rates of return on its investments.

A

rates of return analysis

115
Q

determining your company’s intrinsic value based on its financial performance and other relevant factors.

A

valuation analysis

EBE (3 decks)

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