Burns & Hypothermia Flashcards
most effective tool to rewarm patients with severe hypothermia:
cardiopulmonary bypass and ECMO
physiologic effects of brown recluse spider bite
coagulopathy
true or false. patients with inhalational injury are at increased risk of ARDS and should undergo low tidal volume ventilation
true
initial treatment of brown recluse spider bite
elevation and ice the area; no antivenom exists
initial treatment of chemical burns
copious irrigation
characteristics of second degree frostbite
partial thickness; milk white blisters and atrophic skin; takes 2-4 weeks to heal
characteristics of third degree frostbite
full thickness; hemorrhagic blisters and nonviable skin with black eschar; may result in limb loss; 1-3 months to heal
characteristics of fourth degree frostbite
extends to bone; tissues are black or mummified
most common cause of death with toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
overwhelming sepsis
most common offending agent for TEN
antibiotics
metabolic effects and treatment of hydrofluoric acid burns
life threatening hypocalcemia; treat with irrigation and topic calcium gluconate gel which binds fluoride iones to prevent further toxicity
modified Brooke formula
2ml/kg/TBSA
Parkland formula
3ml/kg/TBSA
initial steps in management of electrical injuries
maintain UOP of 2cc/kg/hr; cardiac monitoring for at least 24 hrs; monitor for compartment syndrome
main side effect of silver sulfadiazine
leukopenia
