BURNS Flashcards
most common type burn
scald
water 60 c-140 Fahrenhet
can create partial or full thickness
Criteria for transfer burn
any third degree burn
partial thickness burn greater than 10%
burns to: hand, face, 3, genital, perineum, major joints
Electrical burns
Chemical burns
Inhalational injury
Burn with comorbidity that may complicate management
children if personnel requirement inadequate
PaO2 : FiO2 ratio suggested for intubation and smoke inhalation
250
This is a ratio of arterial oxygen pressure to percentage of inspired oxygen
400-500 normal
Markers suggesting intubation and inhalational injury
PCO2 greater than 50
PaO2 less than 60
Rule of 9’s total body surface area
entire head / face = 9 (neck alone 1%) entire upper extremity = 9 entire lower extremity = 18 anterior trunk ( chest and abdomen) = 18 posterior trunk ( upper and lower back) = 18
Pediatric rule 9
head 18%! Entire lower extremity 14% remaining of the same: the entire upper extremity 9% Anterior trunk 18% Posterior count 18%
total body surface area associated with 50% mortality
80%
Parkland formula
Start with burns over 20% 4 cc x kilogram x total body surface area 50% administrated over first 8 hours 50% administered over the next 16 hours RINGER'S LACTATE
Parkland formula and to fluid resuscitation and burns with kids
start with burns over 10% Parkland and.. must add maintenance (+glucose): 4, 2, 1 1-10 kg: 4 mL/kilogram 10-20 kg: 40 mL / h + 2 mL /kg/hr >20 kg: 20 mL / h + 1 mL / kg / hr
CO level associated with coma
40-60%
Greater than 60% fatal
Silver sulfadiazine
Silvadene
Antifungal
Does not penetrate eschar
Mafenide acetate
Sulfamylon Penetrate eschar painful excellent for fresh skin grafts Carbonic anhydrous inhibitor Retained chloride-hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
Silver nitrate
Does not penetrate eschar
Hyponatremia-common
methemoglobinemia
Days needed to it take eschar to separate from partial thickness burn
10-14
what burns are included in total body surface area present for
partial thickness second-degree burns and full thickness third degree burns both included
