Burns Flashcards
causes of thermal burns
direct contact with flame or hot surface, scald/steam injuries, friction injuries - road rash
what is damaged in a low voltage electrical burn?
muscles, nerves
what is damaged in a high voltage electrical burn?
tissues, organs
Rule of Nines
quick estimation of TBSA
TBSA
total body surface area, measures how much is burned
Lund & Browder
more in depth way to estimate TBSA
what kind of burns can limit respiratory function?
burns on neck, face, back, or chest
what is a risk involved with circumferential burns?
compartment syndrome
how do you assess for compartment syndrome?
neurovascular assessment, dopplers, tissue pressure monitoring
circumferential burn treatment
escharotomy
compartment syndrome treatment
fasciotomy
how do you assess for abd. compartment syndrome
shoot bladder pressure
s/s of smoke inhalation
visible soot, SOB, hoarseness, painful swallowing, stridor, facial burns
smoke inhalation treatment
intubate!
risks of smoke inhalation injury
ARDS, pneumonia, pulmonary edema, airway obstruction
carboxyhemoglobin
ABG value, over 10 indicates carbon monoxide poisoning
s/s of carbon monoxide poisoning
headache, dizziness, SOB, blurred/double vision
carbon monoxide poisoning in treatment
high flow O2 - cuts half life significantly, may need hyperbaric O2 if severe
manifestations of superficial burn
blanchable red-pink wound, slight edema, chills, n/v, headache
superficial burn treatment
cool compress, encourage fluids, OTC pain meds
manifestations of superficial partial thickness burn
allodynia, extreme pain, normal cap refill
manifestations of deep partial thickness burn
blistering, delayed cap refill, nerve damage (less painful), altered movement
what tissues are affected in a full thickness burn?
loss of epidermis, dermis, potentially subq tissue, some exposed muscle
manifestations of full thickness burn
no cap refill, no sensation to deep pressure, severely altered movement
