Burns Flashcards
What are signs of inhalational injury?
- Facial soot
- Carbonaceous sputum
- Singed nasal hairs
- Evidence of burns around the oral
cavity - Difficulty breathing
What are superficial burns?
- Affect the epidermis only
- Red and painful
- Dry with minimal blistering
What are partial thickness burns?
- Damage extending into the dermis
- Superficial partial thickness burns will have moist blisters/blebs, appear mottled white, pink or red, and be very painful
- Deep partial thickness burns are often dry, mottled pink and white, and pain/sensation can be variable
What are full thickness burns?
- Damage extends into the hypodermis, potentially affecting underlying muscle and fascia
- Dry, leathery, can range from dark brown to red to white
- Little or no pain
What is eschar?
- Necrotic/dead tissue
- Sloughed off the surface of the skin
When would an escharotomy be required?
- Circumferential eschar of a full thickness burn can constrict blood flow around a limb or the torso
- incision can be made to release pressure
- Also can be sites for infection
- Must be removed prior to skin grafts
Assessment of burn size is done using…
Body surface area
True or False:
Superficial burns are included in BSA.
False
What formula is used to calculate the amount of IV fluid that should be given to burn patients?
4 mL x kg x % BSA burned
For fluid rescusciation, half of the fluid should be given in the first ____ hours, and the remainder over the next ____.
8; 16
Deep partial thickness and full thickness burns typically require ______ to avoid dense scarring that can be disiguring and result in loss of function.
Surgical intervention
Which burns are treated with surgical debridement and grafting?
- Full thickness burns
- Partial thickness burns that have not improved after 48 hours
