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WSG BURG > Burgundy (Mixed) > Flashcards

Burgundy (Mixed) Flashcards

1
Q

Which Fixin 1er
overlaps into the village of Brochon?

A

Clos de la Perrière

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2
Q

What was the last vintage under the Clair-Daü label?

A

no wines were produced after 1983, estate was split up in 1985.

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3
Q

Asian Fruit fly (Drosophila Suzukii) affects grapes how? Which vintages did it have an impact in Burgundy?

A

It lays eggs under the skin of the grape during vérasion, making it almost impossible to detect. It takes only a day for the eggs to hatch and maggots may feed the inside the fruit as a result. The first indication of their presence may be the vinegary smell of rot. 2004 and 2014.

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4
Q

What producer makes wine from the vineyard “Petit Cazetiers?”

A

Domaine Dominique Gallois (only producer I can find, but doesn’t seem to be a monopole).

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5
Q

Tell me about Rouchottes Chambertin:

A

This grand cru sits higher up on the slope, above Mazis. The slope is steep here. The soil is like Chambertin, with white oolites, yet the wine style is like Mazis, but with more mineral and struture. Can be austere in its youth. Shared between eight owners, the biggest was Thomas Bassot, which sold it’s holding in 1976 to Rousseau, Mugneret Gibourg, and MIchel Bonnefond whose parcel is farmed by Roumier.

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6
Q

Describe Morey Saint Denis Soils:

A

Simlair soils to Gevreys Grand Cru slope: Bajocian limestone layers mixed together with Bathonian at the highter levels. Ostrea Acuminata marl mixes with whiteoolites to form shallow, well-drained soils in the grand cru belt. Iron oxide.

Combe de Morey— Alluvial deposits/ soil
Limestone-based ‘mother rock’
Prémeaux and Calcaire à Entroques

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7
Q

Which three separate Abbey’s planted vineyards at the beginning of the middle ages in Morey Saint Denis?

A

Cistercians in 1120 CE, Sisters of Notre Dame de Tart in 1184 CE, and the Collegiale with Clos Saint Denis. The Abbey’s maintained ownership until the French Revolution.

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8
Q

Why are most Morey Saint Denis 1er crus blended together instead of bottled as separate vineyards?

A

On average, the 1ers are very small in size (less than 3 ha). Producers dont make enough single vineyard wine so they blend multiple vineyards selling as Morey-Saint-Denis Premier Cru.

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9
Q

What is unique about the Lieui-Dit ‘Monts Luisants’ classification?

A

encompasses all three classifications: village, 1er, and grand cru within its 11.3 ha boundary.

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10
Q

Ponsot’s rare white wine

A

Highest elevation site within Monts Luissant, it’s a monopole, Morey Saint Denis Clos des Mont

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11
Q

Who owns the the 10% piece of Bonnes Mares located in Morey Saint Denis:

A

Bruno Clair

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12
Q

Who are the owner’s of Clos des Lambrays?

A

Domaine Clos des Lambrays owns 97.5%
Taupenot-Merme owns 2.5%

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13
Q

What characterizes wines from the higher elevation vineyards in Morey Saint Denis?

A

They are structured, powerful, and exhibit Gevrey-style characteristics

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14
Q

What historical event led to Morey Saint Denis gaining its name recognition?

A

The establishment of the AOC system in the 1930’s

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15
Q

What geological formation characterizes Morey Saint Denis vineyards?

A

Bajocian limestone with marl mixes

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16
Q

Which notable Pinot Noir clones originated from Morey Saint Denis?

A

Clones 113, 114, 115, 667, 777

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17
Q

What distinguishes Clos de Tart among the grand crus of Clos Saint Denis?

A

It’s a monopole vineyard known for rich, robust wines with cherry and spice flavors

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18
Q

What is the largest grand cru in Morey Saint Denis?

A

Clos de la Roche (41.7 acres)

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19
Q

How is Clos Saint Denis stylistically different from Clos de la Roche?

A

Clos Saint Denis is more pure, elegant, refined, with more clay in the soil

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20
Q

When did Clos des Lambrays gain grand cru status?

A

1981

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21
Q

How do the differences in soil composition between Clos de la Roche and Clos Saint Denis influence their respective wine styles?

A

Clos da la Roche, with brown marls on Bajocian limestone, produces powerful and structured with Clos Saint Denis, with more clay, creates more elegant and refined wines

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22
Q

What is the vineyard area of Morey-Saint-Denis?

A

369.8 acres / 149.7 hectares

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23
Q

What is the production volume of red and white wine in Morey-Saint-Denis?

A

5,230 hl red; 258 hl white

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24
Q

How many grands crus and premiers crus does Morey-Saint-Denis have?

A

5 grands crus; 20 premiers crus

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25
Q

What geological feature contributes to the wine quality in Morey-Saint-Denis?

A

Excellent geological pedigree

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26
Q

What has historically contributed to the high standard of wine quality in Morey-Saint-Denis?

A

Fine terroir and a care of high-minded grower/producers

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27
Q

What was the status of Morey-Saint-Denis wines before the AOC system was established?

A

Practically an unknown name in Bourgogne wine commerce

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28
Q

What was the marketing issue that affected Morey-Saint-Denis wines?

A

Marketed as Gevrey-Chambertin or Chambolle-Musigny

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29
Q

What geographical feature enhances the terroir of Morey wines?

A

Combe Grisard and Combe de Morey

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30
Q

What type of limestone primarily composes the geology of Morey-Saint-Denis?

A

Bajocian limestone layers mixed with Bathonian

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31
Q

What is the elevation difference between Morey-Saint-Denis and Gevrey-Chambertin?

A

1,050 ft / 320 m versus 919 ft / 280 m

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32
Q

Which religious orders contributed to the vineyard management in Morey-Saint-Denis?

A

Cistercians, Sisters of Notre Dame de Tart, Collegiale of Saint-Denis de Vergy

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33
Q

What vineyard is associated with the Cistercians in Morey-Saint-Denis?

A

Clos de la Roche

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34
Q

What is notable about the premier cru Monts Luisants in Morey-Saint-Denis?

A

Encompasses village, premier cru, and grand cru classifications

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35
Q

What year did Morey-Saint-Denis add the name “Saint Denis” to its name?

A

1927

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36
Q

What was provided by Laurent Ponsot’s grandfather in 1954?

A

Mother vines from the Clos de la Roche vineyard

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37
Q

What are the modern internationally used clones derived from Morey-Saint-Denis?

A

113, 114, 115, 667, 777, 778

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38
Q

Fill in the blank: Morey-Saint-Denis has a total of _______ premier cru vineyards.

A

20

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39
Q

True or False: Morey-Saint-Denis wines are often blended and sold as Morey-Saint-Denis Premier Cru.

A

True

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40
Q

Which of the following is not a red Grand Cru of the Côte d’Or?

A

Cortons

The red Grands Crus of the Côte d’Or hail from the Côte de Nuits except for Corton.

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41
Q

What is the largest Grand Cru of the Côte de Nuits?

A

Clos de Vougeot

Clos de Vougeot is recognized as the largest Grand Cru in the Côte de Nuits.

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42
Q

What wine styles can be made in MSD?

A

Red and white; Chard, Aligote,Pinot Blanc, Pinot Beurot/Gris.

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43
Q

Why is MSD lesser known compared to other villages?

A

Smaller size, historically largely sold as either chambolle or gevrey. Saint Denis added to Morey in 1927.

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44
Q

What what the village of Morey Saint Denis called before 1927?

A

Morey-en-Montagne

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45
Q

What are the two main Combes in Morey Saint Denis?

A

Combe Grisard and Combe de Morey

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46
Q

Who conquered the Burgondes in 534 CE?

A

Clovis’ son, not Clovis himself

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47
Q

Which Benedictine abbey was established in Chablis in 510CE?

A

Saint Loup

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48
Q

Which Benedictine abbey was established in Dijon in 587CE?

A

Saint Bénigne

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49
Q

The Côte de Nuits Combes were formed how?

A

“The slope of the Côte de Nuits is punctuated by short valleys called “combes” that cut deep
into the hillside (the combes of Vosne-Romanée, Chambolle-Musigny, Gevrey-Chambertin,
etc.); perpendicular to these combes are large tills composed of the boulders and cobbles
from seasonal rivers. These seasonal rivers formed in the springs and summers of the Ice
Ages of the Quaternary period. At this time, the soils of Bourgogne were deeply frozen with
a permafrost of up to 80 ft/24.4 m. As temperatures warmed up, the ice in the upper portion
of the soil melted, but the temperature rise was not enough to thaw the full depth of the
soil. Since there was still a significant depth of ice, the melted water could not drain into the
soil and so, seasonal rivers formed. These rivers flowed towards the plain digging through
the hills and carving out the combes. They carried along clay, sand, gravel, and larger rocks.
At the combe entrance, the rivers spread out and deposited the material they had
accumulated on their journey to form the tills we see today.”

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50
Q

In Chablis, what is the most common vine training method since phylloxera?

A

Double Guyot

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51
Q

T or F, It is mandatory for label to include the phase ‘’Grand Cru” for all Grand Cru wines.

A

False, the decision to require the inclusion of “Grand Cru” on the label is made
by the local Organismes de Défense et de Gestion (ODG) and some Grands Crus appellations
have opted to make it optional; e.g., Échezeaux and Clos de Vougeot.

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52
Q

Irancy wine styles?

A

Only red wine production

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53
Q

What commune is at the Côte de Nuits northern border?

A

Marsannay

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54
Q

True or False, Clos de Bèze climate is cooler than Chambertin.

A

False, Clos de Bèze is warmer than Chambertin, not cooler. Clos de Bèze does not get the same influence of the Combe de Lavaux, so it’s warmer and the wines
are slightly more opulent.

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55
Q

What is the waterway that flows through the village of Pommard?

A

L’Avant Dheune River

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56
Q

What percentage of the Mâconnais is Chardonnay?

A

80%

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57
Q

Max yield per ha for village level Chablis?

A

60 hl/ha

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58
Q

Northern vineyards of Morey-Saint-Denis?

A

Monts Luisants, Clos de la Roche, Aux Charmes, Aux Cheseaux

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59
Q

Southern Vineyards of Morey-Saint-Denis?

A

En la rue de Vergy, Bonnes Mares/Clos de Tart, Les Ruchots, La Bussière

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60
Q

Please list Morey-Saint-Denis Grand Cru vineyards from largest to smallest:

A

• Clos de la Roche (16.90 ha)

• Clos des Lambrays (8.84 ha)

• Clos de Tart (7.53 ha)

• Clos Saint Denis (6.92 ha)

• (Bonnes Mares 1.5 ha - Bruno
Clair)

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61
Q

Which is the only commune in the Côte d’Or where Grands Crus continuously stretch across the entire village?

A

Morey-Saint-Denis

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62
Q

Clos de la Roche Grand Cru Facts:

A

AOC: 1936

• 16.90 ha
• 3 main parcels; 8 lieux-dits
• “Rock” - mother rock or druid sacrifices?
• Muscley, tightly wound, mineral, red and dark fruits, musk (wild) and feral notes.

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63
Q

Clos Saint Denis Grand Facts

A

AOC: 1936
• 6.62 ha
• Named after Saint Denis, first bishop of Paris, a gentlemen who had his head cut off in the 3rd century during a persecution of Christians under the Roman Empire. After being beheaded, it is said that Saint Denis picked up his severed head and walked several miles while preaching a sermon.
• Red & dark fruits, floral, silkier tannis
than CDLR, less voluminous and powerful than CDLR.

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64
Q

Clos des Lambrays Grand Cru Facts:

A

• AOC: 1981 (had been sold in 1938; never applied for GC status)
• “Vin de combe”
• Nicely sloped; more clay at bottom
• “Tête de Cuvée” - Camille Rodier (1920); then underperformer
• Mostly a monopole (+ Taupenot-Merme)
• Moderately deep, perfumed, spicy, lighter than Clos de Tart
• Effected by Combe

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65
Q

Clos de Tart Grand Cru Facts

A

AOC: 1939
• 7.53 ha (monopole) - only 4 owners since 1141 AD
• includes 0.28 ha Bonnes Mares, apparently its not planted, very close to the wall, maybe about a meter wide.
Only vineyard classed as “Tête de Cuvée by Lavalle in MSD.
• N/S planted in part; east-facing - ‘parcellaire’ approach
• Deep, robust, ripe, dense, muscley, refined, mineral.

• More clay at the top of the vineyard, more limestone towards the bottom of the vineyard. Firmer wines at top of slope, and more elegant wines at the bottom.

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66
Q

Who owns Clos de Tart?

A

Artemis Group, Francois Pinault

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67
Q

Speaking of orientation, which direction are most vineyards facing in the Côte de Nuits?

A

Most planted facing east, so row move up the slop. Because of erosion/global warming, some older, steeper vineyards like Clos de Tart and Clos des Lambrays are planted north to south.

** hot vintages with lots of sun, vines planted north to south get less sun exposure than those planted east to west.

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68
Q

What are the Top 1ers of Morey-Saint-Denis

A

Les Chaffots, Les Ruchots, La Bussière, Les Millandes, Les Faconnières, Les Monts Luisants

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69
Q

Which Morey-Saint-Denis 1er cru is not planted?

A

Côte Rotie

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70
Q

Les Monts Luisants 1er Facts:

A

• 5.39 ha

•Only 1 of 3 Lieux-dits with 3 quality level

•340 masl

•Vin de Combe— Combe Grisard, cooling the area.

• only 1er of aligote

•planted to white grapes since the Middle Ages

•Ponsots aligote planted in 1911

• 5 Varietes

• largest 1er cru

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71
Q

MSD: Les Millandes 1er Facts

A

• 4.20 ha

• 2nd largest 1er in MSD

• Soil: gravelly upper zone; deeper clay at the bottom

• Full-bodied, powerful, robust. Tannins can be rustic. Mineral-driven. A bit more ‘Gevrey’ than ‘Morey’.

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72
Q

Northern Vineyards of Fixin?

A

En Chenailla, Champs Pedrix, Les Mogottes, Pommier Rougeot, Le Potey,Les Crais De Chêne

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73
Q

Fixin 1ers from north to south

A

Apples Have Mulchy, Crunchy Pieces Commonly

  1. Arvelets
  2. Hervelets
  3. Meix Bas
  4. Aux CHEUSOTS (Clos Napoleon)
  5. Clos de la PERRIÈRE
  6. CLOS du CHAPTIRE
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74
Q

Which of the six 1er in Fixin are monopoles?

A

Aux CHEUSOTS (Clos Napoleon) owned by Pierre Gein

Clos de la PERRIÈRE owned by Bénigne Joilet

CLOS du CHAPTIRE owned by Guy Fouleur

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75
Q

Which village in the Côte de Nuits has a connection with Napoleon?

A

Fixin, with a vineyard, museum, and statue in his honor. Claude Noisot a Fixin aristocrat served as a commander in Napoleon’s guard, even during the time when Napoleon was exiled to Elba. When Noisot returned to his home village after his military service, he honored his former commander by christening, his finest vineyard to Clos Napoleon. This parcel was formally known as Le village and aux cheusots.

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76
Q

Soil in Fixin

A

Based mostly on hard Bajocian limestone with a mix of limestone scree and slope wash at the surface. There is also a clayey and stony Bathonian limestone patch in the 1er Clos du Chapitre which probably contributes to the wines Burley nature. The soil is stonier and slope is steeper in the 1er section in the southwestern part of the village.

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77
Q

Both, the Cistercian and Cluny monks, cultivated vineyards in Fixin as the early as when?

A

1142 CE

78
Q

Which vineyard in Morey-Saint-Denis has the lowest annual production?

A

Clos de Tart: 218L

79
Q

What is the vineyard area of Chambolle-Musigny?

A

442.2 acres/179.1 hectares (33% premier cru)

80
Q

What is the production volume of Chambolle-Musigny?

A

6,432 hl red; 270 hl white

81
Q

What is one of Bourgogne’s most cherished climats included in Chambolle-Musigny?

A

Les Musigny

82
Q

How is Chambolle-Musigny often characterized in terms of wine style?

A

Produces the Côte de Nuits’ most delicate and finesse oriented wines.

83
Q

What are the only Bourgogne grands crus permitted to produce both red and white wines?

A

Musigny and Corton

84
Q

What percentage of Grand Cru Bonnes Mares is in Chambolle-Musigny?

A

0.9

85
Q

What is unique about Chambolle-Musigny’s terroir?

A

It is very different from Morey-Saint-Denis and Vosne-Romanée, a widespread, shallow deposit of fine, gravelly scree spreading all the way to the D974. This light pepply surface layer rests on both Bathonian(higher elevations) and Bajocian (lower elevations) limestone.

86
Q

What geological feature affects the terroir of Chambolle-Musigny?

A

The Combe d’Ambin. The lands have been subjected to millennia of torrential flooding.

87
Q

What type of soil is found in Chambolle-Musigny?

A

A widespread, shallow deposit of fine, gravelly scree.

88
Q

How is the wine style of Chambolle-Musigny often described?

A

Silk and lace

89
Q

What is an exception to the benchmark style of Chambolle-Musigny?

A

Grand cru Bonnes Mares, which is bigger and more powerful.

90
Q

What does the name Chambolle derive from?

A

“Boiling fields” in French. Alludes to the torrential flooding of the Grone River as it exits the Combe.

91
Q

When did Chambolle-Musigny become a sister city of Sonoma, California?

A

1960

92
Q

Who were the early owners of Chambolle’s vineyards?

A

The Cistercians

93
Q

What is the most acclaimed premier cru in Chambolle-Musigny?

A

Les Amoureuses

94
Q

What is the largest premier cru in Chambolle-Musigny?

A

Les Charmes

95
Q

What are the main characteristics of Chambolle wines?

A

Models of elegance and finesse with a generous nose of raspberries and violets.

96
Q

What is the minimum alcohol content for Chambolle-Musigny?

A

10.5

97
Q

What is the average annual production of Chambolle-Musigny?

A

5,953 hl

98
Q

What is the wine feature of Musigny?

A

A model of grace and distinction with a complex bouquet.

99
Q

What is the average annual production of Musigny?

A

Reds 270 hl; Whites 20 hl

100
Q

What is the wine feature of Bonnes Mares?

A

Full-bodied and sappy wine with Morello cherry and blackberry aromas.

101
Q

What is the average annual production of Bonnes Mares?

A

509 hl

102
Q

When was ‘Musigny’ added the the village name of ‘Chambolle Musingy’?

A

1878

103
Q

Who gave the the Cistercians the land of Chambolle in 1110 CE, and how long did the Cistercians own it?

A

Given by the Canon of Saint-Denis de Vergey. Cistercian maintained ownership until the French Revolution. The Canon of Saint-Denis de Vergy was a group of canons who lived in a castle in Vergy, France and built the Clos Saint-Denis vineyard. The canons were dedicated to Saint Denis, the first bishop of Paris.

104
Q

List the 3 climats of Musingy

A

Les Musigny, Let Petits Musigny, and La Combe d’Orveau.

105
Q

Largest Landowner of Musigny?

A

Georges de Vogüé

106
Q

Musigny Soils?

A

Upper Portion: Oolitic limestone on top of Ostrea Acuminata marl. Red clay.

107
Q

Bonnes Mares Soils?

A

Lower Section: heavier clay and darker in color (terres rouges) Upper Section: Lighter limestone (terres blanches) Both soil types have many stones and pepples and are well drained.

108
Q

The vineyard name ‘Bonnes Mares’ is derived from what?

A

’Bonnes Méres’ named after ‘’the good mothers of Notre Dame de Tart”, its earliest owners.

109
Q

Chambolle Musigny 1ers: (24)N to S, W to E

A

Les Véroilles Les Fuées Les Cras
——
Les Sentiers Les Baudes Les Lavrottes Les Noirots Derrière la Grange Les Gruenchers Les Groseilles Aux Beaux Bruns Aux Echanges Les Carrières Les Chatelots Les Combottes Aux Combottes Les Charmes Les Plantes Les Feusselottes Les Chabiots Les Hauts Doix Les borniques Les Amoureuses La Comb d’Orveau

110
Q

What is six AOPs of Mâconnais

A

Mâcon AOP
Pouilly-Fuissé AOP
Pouilly-Loché AOP
Pouilly-Vinzelles AOP
Saint-Véran AOP
Viré-Clessé AOP

111
Q

5 village AOC’s of Côte Chalonnaise, North to South

A

Bouzeron, Rully, Mercurey, Givry, Montagny

112
Q

Côte Chalonnaise white/red production in relation to eachother

A

50/50 production

113
Q

Wine styles for Mâconnais village AOCS?

A

All white

114
Q

Why is the Côte Chalonnaise referred to as the ‘’lost’’ region of Bourgogne?

A

Lack of media attention, limited distribution, 1/2 production bottled as Bourgogne Rouge/Blanc AOC

115
Q

Bouzeron is known as a stronghold of Aligoté, why?

A

Most vineyards face north giving cooler sites, which suit Aligoté. Vineyards facing south Aligoté is planted on higher cooler sites and PN/Chard get warmer lower sites. Aligoté ripens easily.

116
Q

Two distinct clones of Aligoté

A

Aligoté Doree: Higher quality clone, lower yielding, more perfumed, more complexity.

Aligoté Vert: more commercially planted

117
Q

Why was a new drainage system constructed in Mercurey in the 1980’s?

A
  • In 1956 INAO extended plantings rights
  • Bulldozers used to soften the contours
    *Lack of care meant poor drainage and storms of 1981 and 1983 triggered the construction of new drainage system.
118
Q

Givry was once highly regarded. Why did it fall out of favor?

A

Phylloxera! Replanting was slow and meant Givry lost its favoured position. Young, dynamic new producers are aiming to bring it back.

119
Q

Today, Montagny AOC is exclusively Chardonnay. When and why did this switch happen?

A
  • PN and and Gamay were extensively planted up until the 1950s.
  • Chardonnay’s higher price point drove the switch, which happened over the next 20 years
120
Q

Viré Clessé is the newest AOC in the Mâconnais, why?

A
  • When the aocs were being set-up, the producers of Viré were concerned about paying higher taxes and declined the offer of its AOC.
  • Elevated in 1999
  • Before it was the two separate areas: Macon Viré and Macon Clessé.
121
Q

What are the four communes of Viré Clessé AOC

A

Viré, Clessé, Montbellet, and Laizé.

122
Q

What were the criteria applied in determining the 1ers of Pouilly-Fuissé?

A
  • History of cru labeled under vineyard name showing the terrior has a track record of being special.
  • Quality assessment, lower yeields, no chemical herbicides
  • Soil assessment, perferring Jurassic clay-limestone soils
  • Lower yields 56 hl vs 60 hl
  • No chemical herbicides
  • Max of 400 masl ( wines showing typical profile of Pouilly-Fuissé) riper style
123
Q

What is Saint-Véran’s marketing advantages?

A
  • Its north and south sections are separated by Pouilly-Fuissé and the proximity highlights the lower prices of Saint-Véran.
124
Q

Saint-Vérans Northern and Southern communes

A

Northern: Davayé, Prissé, and Solutré-Pouilly

Southern: Châines, Leynes, Chasselas, and Saint Vérand.

125
Q

Map of Chânes

A
126
Q

Map of Chasselas, Saint Vérand, and Leynes

A
127
Q

Map of Davayé

A
128
Q

Map of Prissé : part 1

A
129
Q

Map of Prissé : part 2

A
130
Q

Pouilly-Vinzelles vineyard orientation?

A

Vineyards face east overlooking Saone plain

131
Q

Are Co-ops relevant in Pouilly-Vinzelles and Pouilly-Loché?

A

Incredibly important. 80% of the production of both village AOP’s is made by the vinzelle Co-OP.

132
Q

Vineyards are steeper in Pouilly-Loché or Pouilly-Vinzelles?

A

Steeper in Pouilly-Vinzelles

133
Q

Gamay grown in the Mâconnais may be labeled under what AOC’s?

A

Any of:

Mâcon AOC, Mâcon + DGC AOC, Bourgogne AOC, Coteaux Bourgognons AOC, Crémant de Bourgogne AOC, Bourgogne Passe-Tout-Grain AOC

NOT Mâcon-Villages AOC!

134
Q

What is Levrouté

A
  • Late harvest style, can have botrytis.
  • Traditional in Clessé
    *Officially part of Viré-Clessé AOC regulations since 2018.
    *Residual sugar: 8-18 g/l
    *Demi-sec 4-8 g/l
    *Min. 14%
  • Lower yields
  • Aging: until Feb of 2nd year
135
Q

What vineyards of Savigny-lès-Beaune are bisected by what river?

A

Rhoin

136
Q

Which Côte de Beaune AOC has similar soil characteristics with those of the Côte de Nuits?

A

Pommard

137
Q

What Mâconnais village was once a part of Beaujolais?

A

Saint-Vérand

138
Q

Which of the following statements is incorrect?
a. The Fixin appellation incorporates the village of Brochon
b. Fixin and Brochon are two of ive last la proce
c. Fixin has no Premier Cru monopoles
d. Fixin has no Grands Crus

A

C.

139
Q

Example essay question : How did Phylloxera impact Gevrey-Chambertin

A

Compare and Contrast
Explain how abc impacted xyz
Discuss controversies, exceptions wine law loop holes.
Know key points in each village.
Current trends/Climate Change could be asked.
Short answer q’s: read the question slowly.compare and contrast, better list similarities and difference. Cover everything. Have check list. Hit soil, climate, history, law. Make every sentence count.Back opinions with facts, producer examples. No points for fluff. Looking for an essay, dont list bullet points. Less is often more. Don’t write 1000 words.

140
Q

What obstacles prevented
Monthèlie, Auxey-Duresses and Saint-Romain from enjoying the same fame as their neighbors, Meursault and Volnay?

A

Consider 3 separate sections

  • Monthèlie
  • Factual statement on location
  • Obstacle:
  • largely planted to Gamay up until the 19th century and impression wines were inferior
  • Inherent quality issue?
  • Soils well suited to reds
  • Helped by switch to PN
  • Auxey-Duresses
  • Factual statement on location
  • Obstacles:
  • before AOC, most wines went to market as Volnay, Pommard or Meursault
  • Inconsistent quality in reds (majority of production and 92% 1ers Crus are reds)
  • Inherent quality issue?
  • white wines described as junior Meursaults

Saint-Romain
* Factual statement on location
* Obstacles:
* side valley and village does not have the open exposure to the east or south
* Elevation - 1,148-1345 ft/350-410 m, well above the 820-984 ft/250-300 m sweet spot where most premiers crus and grands crus are found
* Inherent quality issue?
* Elevated from Hautes-Cotes de Beaune regional classification to a village appellation in 1947
* Whites are Chablis-like
Reds are delicate with bright acidity - climate change?

141
Q

Sample Essay: What factors contribute to the structure and flavor/ aroma profile of Pinot Noir grown in Bourgogne?

A

Typical: great acidity, restrained fruit. There are differences where they sit on the AOC hierarchy. Bourgogne level ripe and juicy and approachable. Grand cru level more complexity and tannin.

Use your checklist! :Look for 10 points to get a full 10 points!

  • Climate, soils, viti. vini..?
  • Grapes amass less sugar than in warmer climates bring more moderate alcohol,less phenolic development, less color, less tannin.
  • Less phenolic development than in warmer climates
  • Limestone-rich marl soils - maintain acidity. Alkaline soils. Adding Freshness and lift.
  • Tradition of wild yeast fermentations
  • Hands-off winemaking
  • Less oak or lots oak?
  • Wild yeast fermentation adding more complexity and depth, vs using a commercial yeast.
  • Stems or no Stems
  • Hands-off winemaking-making.
  • Lower extraction.
  • Summarize! Bring up any good points. Add something about clones if you have that level of detail. Show your work, by understanding what’s behind the question.
142
Q

At what commune in the Côte Chalonnaise do the limestone-rich marls of the Côte d’Or transition into
the geologically older sandier limestones of the Mâconnais?

A

Givry

143
Q

Which of the following does not accurately pair an AOC with the wines produced under its AOC
banner?
A. Rully: dry white and red wine (Crémant and Mousseux are REGIONAL bottlings!)
b. Bouzeron: white wine only
c. Mercurey: red wine only
d. Montagny: white wine only

A

C.

144
Q

Which Côte Chalonnaise village is known for its production of crémant?

A

Rully

145
Q

At one time, the Côte Chalonnaise was alternatively called the…
a. Région de Mercurey
b. Région de Montagny
c. Région de Rully
d. Région de Givry

A

A.

146
Q

Which Côte Chalonnaise village was extensively planted to Pinot Noir and Gamay until the 1950s?

A

Montagny

147
Q

Which Mâconnais village produces Levrouté?

A

Viré-Clessé

148
Q

Which Mâconnais village received 22 Premiers Crus in 2020?

A

Pouilly-Fuissé

149
Q

What lies at the base of the Rock of Solutré

A

Horse Bones

150
Q

Grape of Red Mâcon plus DCG are…

A

100% gamay

151
Q

How many ha planted in Côte Chalonnaise

A

774 ha planted

152
Q

Cote Chalonnaise annual production?

A

77.648 hl (village level)

153
Q

Which AOC in Côte Chalonnaise was divided by Demarcation zone during WWII

A

Montagny (line between occupied France and free France)

154
Q

Ha Planted of Côte Chalonnaise AOCS

A

Bouzeron 56ha
Rully 368ha
Mercurey 647ha
Givry 283ha
Montagny 326ha

155
Q

Côte Chalonnaise Wine Style Percentages (red vs white) Per AOC

A

Bouzeron 100% white
Rully 34% red 66% white
Mercurey 85% red 15% white
Givry 84% red 16% white
Montagny 100% white

156
Q

How many 1ers in Bouzeron?

A

none

157
Q

Which AOC’s in Côte Chalonnaise produce only white wine?

A

Bouzeron and Montagny ( Bouzeron is furthest north and Montagny is furthest south, the bookends are solely white wine)

158
Q

What two communes make up the Bouzeron AOC

A

Bouzeron and Chassey-le-Camp (tiny slice)

159
Q

Vineyard Exposures of Bouzeron

A

E/SE/W/NW

160
Q

Bouzeron is what % of white wine of Côte Chalonnaise

A

8% of white wine of Côte Chalonnaise, 4% of Côte Challonaise total production.

161
Q

Soil types in Bouzeron

A

white marl or light brown marl-clay on Oxfordian mother rock

162
Q

Rully AOC created when?

A

1939

163
Q

Bouzeron AOC created when?

A

1998 (replaced Bourgogne Aligote Bouzeron)

164
Q

Rully AOC Facts

A

AOC: 1939
368 ha; 26% 1er
2 communes
15,962 hl (21% of Côte Chalonnaise)
Two zones of 1er: North side/ east- Richer, denser
South side- Mineral, taut, pure (cooler) Better for whites

Reds- fruity, perfumed; less tannic than Givry/mercurey but can still be rustic.

  • Known for cremant de Bourgogne
165
Q

Which AOC in Côte Challonaise is known to create Crémant de Bourgogne?

A

Rully AOC

166
Q

Top 1ers in Rully?

A

Cloux 1er: Northen
* 10.68 ha Red
*red and white wines
*Expo: E/SE
*Clay-limestone with gravel
*rounder wines with good flesh and refinement
(Domaine de Villaine make it)

Grésigny 1er: Southern
*6.43 ha
* White wines - high active limestone
*Expo: SE
* Cooler site
* Racy wines with good mineral backbone
(D. Janthial makes it)

167
Q

Climatic differences between northern and southern Rully

A

North is warmer creating richer, rounder wines, south is cooler making fresher, crisper wines

168
Q

Mercurey AOC Facts

A
  • AOC:1936
  • exceptional reputation for many years; from the dukes of burgundy.
    *Robust wines like pommard
    *647 ha- various expos
    *Produces about 35% of the cote Chalonnaise wines
    *Two different communes ( Mercurey and Saint-Martin)
  • names after the Roman GOD “MERCUREY”, there once was a Roman temple there, God of Trade and Commerce.
  • First 1ers in 1943, then 1988.
  • Reds are generally the richest and most age worthy of cote Challonaise, whites tend to be less fruity then Rully or Montagny. Whites planted higher up on the slope with thinner top soil.
169
Q

Top 1ers of Mercurey

A

Clos du Roi 1er: Southern
* 10.08 ha
* Wraps around a hillside - E to SW (Complex like Corton)
* 1 of 5 original 1ers
* Red and white wines
*Chalky, marl, alluvial soils
*Refined, red-fruited, moderately earlier but with depth

Les Naugues 1er: North Central
* 4.11 ha
*SW facing
* Warm site
*Darker limestone-clay soil and gravel
*Rich, well-fruited; the Chambolle Musigny of Mercurey

170
Q

Givry AOC Facts

A

AOC: 1946
* 283 ha - 48% 1er
* 3 Communes ( Dracy-Le-Flort, Givry, Jambles)
* 18% of Côte Challonais production
* One of the most sought after wines pre-phylloxera, the preferred wine of Henri IV
* Mostly Red (85%)
*Often viewed as more refined than Mercurey- terrior or vines?
(Francois Lump makes wine here and says they have better vine material than Mercurey)

171
Q

Givry Top 1ers:

A

Clos Jus 1er:
* 6.56ha
* Shallow, deeply colored, red-iron soil with rocks
*Expo: E but warmer site
* Dark colored, powerful, fleshy but firm, spicy, ages well

Crausot 1er:
*5.22 ha
*Red (deeper, lower) and white wines (upper, thinner, rockier soil) - lots of active limestone.
* Cooler site
*Fresh, mineral, uplifting
*Francois Lump makes wine here

172
Q

Montagny AOC Facts

A

AOC: 1936
* 4 communes (Buxy, Montagny-Lès-Buxy, Jully-Les-Buxy, Saint-Vallerin)
* gateway to the Mâconnais, the furthest south in Côte Challonais.
* Divided by demarcation zone in WWII through the commune of Buxy.
* 326 ha - 62% 1er, 23% of Côte Chalonnaise production
*Limestone dominates soil, highly slopped. South has more clay.
*Fresh zesty, Chablis-like wines. Peach and apricot
* lots of Chardonnay Muscaté (Chardonnay clone: peachy flavors)

173
Q

Montagny 1er:

A

Les Burnins 1er:
*11.59 ha
* Expo: S/SW, steep
* Limestone, clay, gravelly soil
*Taut, chiselled, mineral-driven, powerful
* Made by Stéphane Aladame

Les Coères 1er:
* 28.20 ha- largest (3 communes)
* more clay than limestone
*expo: mostly east
* Full, ample, rounded wines with less minerality - can be powerfully or lighter depending on site.

174
Q

Mâconnais Facts

A
  • named after the town of Macon
  • 50 Km long
  • 80% Chardonnay
  • Rolling valleys in north, rocky, in south
  • Village AOCS: 5 — all white wines
  • Regional AOCs
  • Average annual prouduction 7% red of Regional Macon
  • Cooperatives
  • In free zone during WWII
  • Abbaye of Cluny— most famous abbey, where cistercians launched their own wing. A Benedictine monk community.
175
Q

Recap: Mâconnais regional AOCs

A

Mãcon AOC:
* 78 ha (white), 208 ha (red)|
* Red, white, rosé
* Mãcon-Villages AOC:
* 83 communes, 2043 ha
* White wines only (Chardonnay)
* Mâcon + geographical designation: 27 - white &
red/rosé
* 1647.50 ha
* Declassification: Mâcon-Villages, Mâcon, Bourgogne, Coteaux Bourguignons
* Warmer than northern sub-regions
* White: supple, round
* Red (Gamay): fresh, fruity

176
Q

Macon AOC hierarchy, list from lowest to highest in quality:

Mâcon-Villages, Mâcon, Bourgogne, Coteaux Bourguignons

A

Coteaux Bourguigons, Bourgogne, Macon, Macon-Villages

177
Q

Macconias Village AOC(s) 5:

A

Viré-Clessé
Saint-Véran
Pouilly-Vinzelles
Pouilly Loché
Pouilly-Fuissé (+ 22 1ers)

**whites only

178
Q

Viré Clessé AOC Facts

A
  • AOC 1999, replaced Macon-Clessé and Macon-Viré
    *4 communes
  • 437 ha
  • 24,588 hl (23% of village-Mâconnais)
  • Viré-Clessé or VC + climat
  • No 1er crus…yet
  • 200-440 masi |
    *Expo: mostly SE
    *Soils: Upper Jurassic strata on Bajocian base
  • Viré = more mineral, taut
  • Clessé = richer, rounder
179
Q

Clessé Map

A
180
Q

Why did Viré turn down the offer for its own AOCin 1937

A

the fear of having to pay higher taxes

181
Q

4 communes of Viré Clessé

A

Montbellet
Viré
Clessé
Laizé

182
Q

Name the sweet wine produced in Viré Clessé

A

Levrouté:

*Late harvest style, can have botrytis
*Tradintional in Clessé, promoted by Jean Thenevet (Domaine de la Bongran)
*(RS 8-18 g/l , Demi-sec: 4-8 g/lt)
* min 14% abv
* Lower yields- 48 hl vs 62-64 hl/ha)
*(Long aging (until Feb of 2nd year)

183
Q

Saint-Véran AOC facts

A

*AOC since 1971
* 743 ha
*37% of Village-Mâconnais
* 8 communes: Prissé, Davayé, Solutré, Pouilly, Chasselas, Leynes, Saint-Vérand, Chânes
* 2 zones: by Pouilly-Fuissé, and north of beaujolais.

184
Q

Saint- Véran AOC

A
  • Davayé- excellent terrior
  • various styles
  • ‘pommards’ lieu-dit
    Limestone soil, above old quarry, expo: NE, ripens well, Upper slope is Pouilly-Fuissé
185
Q

Saint-Véran vs Pouilly-Fuissé Map

A
186
Q

Pouilly-Vinzelles AOC

A
  • AOC:1940
  • 1 commune
  • 61 ha
  • 2,818 hl (2.6% of village Mâconnais; 6.5% of ‘Pouilly)
  • Can have climat on label
    *Cooler micro-climate
    *Steep slopes (210-280 masl)
187
Q

Pouilly-Vinzelles wines, how do they drink?

A
  • Generally the most mineral, taught of all the Pouilly’s wines. Some can even be aggressive.
  • Exceptions - e.g. Lews Longeays is much rounder, lower acidity (clay rich)
188
Q

Pouilly-Loché AOC facts

A

*AOC: 1940
* 1 commune
* 1.5 % of village-Mâconnais
* Expo: South
* Warm microclimate
* Less steep slopes
* Soil: gravelly northern side; more clay southern side.
* Usally the richest of the ‘Pouilly’ wines
* Lower acidity, can be heavy

189
Q

Pouilly-Fuissé AOC facts

A
  • AOC: 1936
    *759 ha - Very large
  • 36 % of Village-Mâconnais; 90% of ‘Pouillys’
  • 4 communes
  • Good richness, sometimes opulent, generally ‘frandest’ wine of the Mâconnais in terms of weight and complexity.
  • Can age but tends to evolve faster than wines from farther north
190
Q
A

WSG BURG (3 decks)

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