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W France - Burgundy > Burgundy - General - MV > Flashcards

Burgundy - General - MV Flashcards

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French flashcards
1
Q

What is the Burgundian synonym for Pinot Gris?

A

Pinot Beurot

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2
Q

What are the four departments of Burgundy?

A

Cote d’Or, Yonne, Rhone, Saone-et-Loire

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3
Q

What are the four regional lieux-dits of Burgundy? What styles are authorized?

A

Cote-St-Jacques
Montrecul
Le Chapitre
Notre Dame La Chapelle

All authorized for red, white, and rosé

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4
Q

Where is Cote Saint-Jacques?

A

Joigny (Yonne)

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5
Q

Where is La Chapelle Notre Dame?

A

Ladoix-Serrigny

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6
Q

Where is Le Chapitre?

A

Chenove (between Marsannay and Dijon)

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7
Q

Where is Montrecul?

A

Dijon

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8
Q

What communes may append their names to Bourgogne AOP, and what styles do they produce? Where are they?

A

Southwest of Chablis, Blanc, rouge, et rosé for both
Chitry
Coulanges-le-Vineuse

Northeast of Chablis
Epineuil (rouge and rosé only)
Tonnerre (Blanc only)

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9
Q

When was the Burgundy AOC established?

A

1937

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10
Q

What is Bourgogne Passetoutgrains?

A

A regional AOP
Rosé: Min. 30% Pinot Noir; min. 15% Gamay; plus a max. 15% mixed plantings of Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, and Pinot Gris
Rouge: As for Rosé

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11
Q

What previous AOP did Coteaux Bourguignons AOP replace?

A

Bourgogne Grand Ordinaire AOP

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12
Q

What are the styles and varietals of Coteaux Bourguignons AOP?

A

Blanc/Blanc Primeur/Nouveau: Aligote, Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris, Melon de Bourgogne

Rose: Gamay, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, plus
Red: Gamay, Pinot Noir, Cesar (Yonne only), plus

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13
Q

What wine is traditionally used in a kir?

A

Bourgogne Aligote

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14
Q

What is Bourgogne Mousseux?

A

An AOP for traditional method sparkling red wines; Gamay, Pinot Noir, and Cesar (Yonne only) must make up >51% of the blend.

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15
Q

How long must Cremant de Bourgogne and Bourgogne Mousseux be aged before release?

A

9mos en tirage for both. Bourgogne Mousseux may be released immediately, whereas Cremant de Bourgogne cannot be released before 1 year from tirage

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16
Q

For what regional appellation is hand-harvesting mandatory?

A

Crémant de Bourgogne

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17
Q

What are the requirements for Cote de Beaune-Villages wines?

A

Red only. Sourced from anywhere in the Cote de Beaune but Pommard, Volnay, Aloxe-Corton, and Beaune.

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18
Q

What are the styles and authorized villages for Cote de Nuits-Villages?

A

Red and white. Fixin, Brochon, Corgoloin, Comblanchien, Prissey

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19
Q

Are Corgoloin, Comblanchien, and Prissey in the north or south of the Cote de Nuits?

A

South

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20
Q

What is a pièce?

A

The classic Burgundy barrel - 228L

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21
Q

Which three communal appellations in the Cote d’Or have no premier crus?

A

Marsannay

Chorey-les-Beaune

Saint-Romain

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22
Q

Which three communes of the Cote de Beaune produce only red wine?

A

Pommard

Volnay

Blagny

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23
Q

Cote de Nuits North to South

A 
Marsannay
Fixin
Gevrey-Chambertin
Morey-Saint-Denis
Chambolle-Musigny
Vougeot
Vosne-Romanee
Nuits-Saint-Georges
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24
Q

Cote de Beaune North to South

A 
Ladoix-Serrigny
Aloxe-Corton
Pernand-Vergelesses
Savigny-les-Beaune
Chorey-les-Beaune
Beaune
Pommard
Volnay
Monthelie
Auxey-Duresses
Saint-Romain
Meursault
Blagny
Puligny-Montrachet
Saint-Aubin
Chassagne-Montrachet
Santenay
Maranges
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25
Q

What is a feuillette?

A

The traditional 132L Chablis barrel.

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26
Q

What is évasivage?

A

suckering

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27
Q

What is effeuillage?

A

leaf thinning

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28
Q

What is ebourgeonnage?

A

Removal of excess buds (bourgeon = bud)

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29
Q

What is délestage?

A

“Racking and returning” - pumping the fermenting wine out of the tank and pouring it back over the cap

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30
Q

What is égrappage?

A

De-stemming

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31
Q

Who founded La Paulée de Meursault?

A

Comte Jules Lafon, grandfather of Dominique Lafon

32
Q

Communes of Marsannay

A

Marsannay-la-Côte
Chenôve
| Couchey

33
Q

Communes of Fixin

A

Fixin

Brochon

34
Q

Communes of Gevrey-Chambertin

A

Gevrey

Brochon

35
Q

Communes of Vosne-Romanee

A

Vosne

Flagey-Echézeaux

36
Q

Communes of Nuits-Saint-Georges

A

Nuits
Prémeaux-Prissey

37
Q

Communes of Aloxe-Corton

A

Aloxe

Ladoix

Pernand-Vergelesses

38
Q

Communes of Volnay

A

Volnay

Meursault

39
Q

Communes of Blagny

A

Meursault

Puligny

40
Q

Communes of Chassagne-Montrachet

A

Chassagne

Remingny

41
Q

Communes of Santenay

A

Santenay

Remigny

42
Q

Communes of Maranges

A


Dezize-lès-Maranges
Sampigny-lès-Maranges
Cheilly-lès-Maranges

43
Q

Largest Grand Cru in Burgundy?

A

Corton - 160ha

44
Q

Smallest Grand Cru in Burgundy?

A

La Romanée - .85ha… also the smallest AOP in France!

45
Q

What are chevets?

A

Water channels

46
Q

What are murgers?

A

Piles of rock removed from the vineyards during tilling - cairns.

47
Q

IGP’s of Burgundy

A

Yonne IGP

Coteaux de l’Auxois - covers Côte d’Or department north and west of the Haut-Côtes

Sainte-Marie-la-Blanche - runs east of the D974 and Côte de Beaune

Saône-et-Loire IGP

Comtés Rhodaniens IGP - Rhône department, incl. Beaujolais

48
Q

What is Gaules?

A

A small zonal IGP covering Beaujolais - currently off the books as of 2014.

49
Q

What was the first “grand cru?”

A

Chambertin-Clos de Bèze, a gift from Duke Amalgaire of Burgundy to the Abbey of Bèze in 630AD.

50
Q

When did labeling by climat (rather than village) begin?

A

1691 (Chambertin and Baize [Bèze])

51
Q

Lavalle’s 1855 Classification divided _____ into _____?

A

Climats

Tête de Cuvée, Première Cuvée, Deuxième Cuvée, Troisième Cuvée

52
Q

What spurred the transition from head-training and provignage to trellising?

A

Replanting post-phylloxera

53
Q

When did the appending of vineyards to village names take place?

A

1847 (Starting with Gevrey) to 1928 (ending with Auxey)

54
Q

What % of Burgundy wine produced is négociant?

A

60.00%

55
Q

Who is the largest landowner in the Côte d’Or?

A

Bouchard, 130ha (Jadot has 150, but they are not all in the Côte d’Or)

56
Q

What law was passed in 1919?

A

The original Appellation d’Origine law, formally defining appellations.

57
Q

What is coupage?

A

The practice of blending and labeling wines according to taste profile rather than origin (aka Port) - it’s Meursault if it tastes like Meursault.

58
Q

What is the difference between single and double guyot?

A

1 fruiting cane v. 2 fruiting canes

59
Q

What is the typical row orientation in Burgundy?

A

East-West, running up the hill

60
Q

Notable exceptions to the typical row orientation?

A

Clos de Tart, Clos des Lambrays, La Romanee

61
Q

Minimum planting density in the Côte d’Or? Typical spacing?

A

9,000 vines per hectare;
most vineyards are 1x1 (10,000 vines per hectare).

62
Q

Planting density in Chablis and Beaujolais is typically higher or lower than the Côte d’Or?

A

Lower, although replanting in Chablis is often at 1x1.

63
Q

What is an enjambeur?

A

The high clearance tractor of Burgundy.

64
Q

Major biodynamic producers

A

Leroy, DRC, Leflaive, Dauvissat, Comtes Lafon, Comte Armand

65
Q

Pinot Droit

A

High yielding, upright growing vine, particularly popular in the 1960’s

66
Q

Pinot Fin

A

Low-yielding, with more concentrated fruit; it’s clonal progeny are more popular today

67
Q

What are the major concerns when selecting rootstock in Burgundy?

A

Lime tolerance. Originally riparia was planted, but with the advent of machinery, tractors create more active lime in the soil.
Current rootstocks tend to be vinifera x berlandieri hybrids.

68
Q

Cold Maceration: Pros

A

Post-crush, grapes are held at cool temperatures (10-14 C) with SO2 additions.
Extracts color, produces less astringent tannin, enhances fruit aromatics.

69
Q

Whole Cluster: Pros

A

Aeration, cooler fermentation temperatures, lighter color, slight carbonic, firm tannins

70
Q

Whole Berry: Pros

A

High toned, floral, carbonic, without the risk of green tannin from stems, or higher pH (stems can harbor potassium).

71
Q

Whole Bunch Pressing (White Wine): Pros & Cons

A

Pressing whole clusters without crushing the fruit.

Pros: Produces a cleaner, less phenolic must with lower pH, less exposure to oxygen pre-fermentation.

Cons: In the event that oxidation pre-fermentation protects the wine from premox later, whole bunch press may actually make the wine MORE susceptible to premox.

72
Q

What is subtractive must enrichment, and when was it legalized?

A

The practice of removing water from the must to concentrate the sugars.
 Legalized in 2009, to a maximum factor of 10%.

73
Q

Average elevation of the côtes in the Côte d’Or?

A

400-500M

Vines rarely are planted over 400M

74
Q

What is the average slope of the Grand Crus, and why

A

10%

The gentler slope is more nutrient rich than those at higher elevation, but still well-drained.

75
Q

Where do you find more limestone: Côte de Nuits or Côte de Beaune?

A

Nuits.

Beaune is mostly made up of marl.

76
Q

What is colluvium?

A

A mix of bedrock and soils slipped from upslope (the makeup of most of the Côte d’Or, or at least the 1er and Grand Cru sites).

77
Q

The RN74 is now known as what?

A

D974

W France - Burgundy (25 decks)

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