Building Utilities Mod 2 Flashcards
Utilizes the power of the wind to generate electricity to pump water
Windmills
Used in tall buildings; Uses gravity to transport water
Pressure and Gravity systems
Used in farming; Can be used for deep well sources
Jack Pumps
a rapidly rotating impeller adds energy to the water and raises the pressure inside the pump casing
Centrifugal pumps
Located below ground and fully submerged in the water reservoir
submersible pump
Includes all valves and controls used in the plumbing system which are accessible
regulating equipment
cut off/shut off valve; The flow of the water is cut off by means of a circular disc, at right angles to the direction of the flow
gate valve
Can throttle flow of water; A valve in which the flow of the liquid is cut off by means of a circular disc that fits over and against the horizontal valve seat
globe valve
Serves as a vital connection point between the main water supply and individual fixtures, such as the lavatory,water closet, and the kitchen sink; making a 90-degree turn
angle valve
what are the two types of angle valve?
two-way angle valve and three-way angle valve
an angle valve used in lavatory, sink, and water closets
two way angle valve
an angle valve used in water closet, water supply pipe, and bidet; usually 300mm from the floor
three way angle valve
Prevents backflow; A valve that automatically closes to prevent the flow of liquid or gas in a reverse Direction
check valve
what are the two types of check valves?
lift check valve and swing check valve
a check valve that throttles the flow of water and is located on the sealing surface of the valve seat on the valve body
lift check valve
a check valve that has a pin mechanism, and a disc-like door freely rests on the incline seat surface and is usually smaller
swing check valve
Non-return valve; Only applicable in wells not in residential areas
Foot valve
Acts as a fail safe
safety valve
A safety valve that automatically releases a substance from a boiler, pressure vessel, or other system, when the pressure or temperature exceeds preset limits; Used in hot water lines
pressure relief valve
Safety valve, quarter turn valve; A quarter-turn (90-degree) valve that uses a pivoting ball that has been drilled throughout to control flow
ball valve
Cuts the flow of water; Typically used in water heaters
cut off valve
Isolates or regulates the flow of liquid; The closing mechanism is a disk that rotates
butterfly valve
approved installed receptacles connected to the plumbing system of a building specific function related to water supply or wastewater disposal.
plumbing fixtures
Water closet with continuous trough ; Receptacle (pit in the earth) as a toilet without plumbing pipes
latrine
Plumbing fixture used to receive human waste
water closet
water closet is classified according to
design, make, flushing mechanism, shape, and installation
Manually washed down
Least expensive
Noisiest
Susceptible to fouling, staining, and contamination
Siphon washdown
Submerged jet
Has large amount of standing water
Used by western people
Siphon jet
Creates a swirling action which forms a vortex in the center
Used by Asian people
siphon vortex
Trap is located at the rear
Used in large water area
Quietness in operation
Reverse trap
Tank is not visible
Used in big commercial spaces
blow out
Manufactured with the bowl and the flush tank molded into a single unit; expensive
one piece
The flush tank is separate but is attached to the toilet bowl; Two-piece model
closed coupled
Comprising only of a bowl without a flush tank ; Flushing action is obtained only through water poured
pail flush
As “eastern type”
squat bowl
Flushes excrements
Uses 3-6 liters
flush tank
Faucet/valve opened/closed by the ball floating on the surface
ball cock
To supply a fixed quantity of water; activated by direct water pressure without the use of flush tank; requires 10-20 PSI
flush valve
Intended for limited spaces
round front
Ergonomically comfortable but occupies larger space
elongated front
types of installation of the water closet
-Free Standing/Floor mounted
-Wall Hung/ Wall mounted
Plumbing fixture equipped with a water supply and drain for flushing away urine
urinal
A long, narrow, basin-like fixture that can accommodate multiple users at a time
through
Supported by flange or flow
stall urinal
two types of stall urinal
half urinal and full stall urinal
Urinal which is not connected to the wall for support but is mounted on a single pedestal
pedestal urinal
usually found in asian countries
wall hung
Deep sink to accommodate scrub pail
Also known as service sink
slop sinks
5 types of kitchen sink
single bowl-single drain
double bowl-double drain
corner sink
double bowl-single drain
triple bowl
also known as bar sink
pantry sink
Used for washing clothes; Also known as a utility sink
laundry tub
Applicable for commercial spaces; Seamless and stainless steel
scullery sink
Designed for washing hands or face; Also known as wash basin
lavatory
Plumbing fixture that is installed in the floor of a structure, mainly designed to remove any standing water
floor drain
what are the 6 types of lavatory
vessel, drop in, undermount, wall hung, pedestal, vanity
Used for washing the middle part of the body especially the genitals; Also known as sitz bath or foot bath
bidet
A tub for bathing, usually a fixed plumbing installation for 1 person
bath tub
4 types of bath tub
built in, stand alone, hospital baths, whirlpool
An apparatus for spraying water on the body usually from above
shower baths
A ceiling mounted showerhead that sprays water down vertically
rain shower
Handheld shower; Attached to a flexible hose and which allows wide range of motion
telephone shower
Also known as balneotherapy shower ; Jets of water target various parts of the body at different rates and pressures to relax the muscles and improve blood circulation
hydro massage shower
Cartridge acts as a funnel
waterless urinal
0.9 GPF is for half flush
1.6 GPF is for full flush
dual flush water closet
minimum dimensions of fixtures for human safety and comfort
clearances
three types of water distribution systems
direct up-feed, indirect up-feed, indirect down-feed
two types of cold water distribution system
air pressure system and overhead ststem
A pressure surge caused by a rapid change in flow of velocity in the pipeline
maximum demand
One fixture unit is equivalent to a rate of flow at
28.3 liter per minute
(equation) maximum demand is
Total fixture units x 8 gallons
(equation) probable demand is
maximum demand- % of simultaneous use
two types of hot water system
upfeed and gravity retutn, overhead feed and gravity return
“The large pipe of the installation is installed at the bottom of the riser, and the diminishing type sizes, passes through the upper floors”
upfeed system
“The larger pipe is installed at the top of the riser, and the diminishing pipe sizes, passes through the lower floors of the building”
overhead feed system
Small hot water tank made of copper or stainless steel sheet
range boiler
Large hot water tank made of heavy-duty stainless steel sheet
storage boiler
A small tank used to protect closed water heating system and domestic hot water system from excessive pressure
expansion tank
Heater controlled by a thermostat
electric heater
Gas burner is placed below the coil
gas heater
Solar energy is used for heating water
solar water heater
The resistance produced by the flowing water with the fittings and interior surface of the pipe
friction
Normal force exerted by a homogeneous liquid or gas, per unit of area
pressure
Without any flow motion
static pressure
Pressure available
residual pressure
A pressure surge cause by a rapid change in flow velocity in the pipeline
water hammering
Water hammer arrester, pressure reducing valve; A pressure surge absorbing device operating through the compressibility of air which minimizes the pulsating discharge of water from the pump
air chamber
Used in small water distribution system
piston pump
three types of piston pump
Single action pump, double action pump, duplex or twin action pump
Associated with tall building water distribution system
centrifugal pump
A mechanical device used to circulate hot water to the plumbing fixtures
the pump circuit system
Used to collect water from an aquifer
submersible pump
Illustrate direct upfeed water distribution system
Illustrate indirect upfeed water distribution system
Illustrate indirect downfeed water distribution system
Illustrate the zoning system for cold water distribution system
Illustrate air pressure system
Illustrate overhead feed system
Water sits on its own
level
Air is ______, and water is _______
elastic, inelastic
Plumbing fixtures for restricted use
Private or Private use
All buildings or structures that are not defined as private or private use
Public or public use
Any of two or mire similar adjacent fixtures which discharge into a common horizontal soil or waste branch
Battery of fixtures
Influenced by the duration of that peak demand and is defined as the percentage of maximum load expected under normal conditions in any given hour
Working load of the hot water system
___ is for half-flush
___ is for full flush
0.9 GPF; 1.6 GPF
