Building Telecommunications System Flashcards
Convey messages from about 700 BCE
Carrier pigeons
Where the first long distance communication systems were based on
Signals of sound and light
Used in traditional long-distance communication until almost
1800
Horse-mounted dispatch riders
Developed an optical telegraph (semaphore) system of Stations built on rooftops or towers that were visible from a great distance in 1793
Frenchman Claude Chappe
Developed another type of optical telegraph system with ten collapsible iron shutters, which when placed in various positions formed combinations of numbers that were translated into letters, words, or phrases.
Swede A, N. Edelcrantz
Transmitted the first practical electrical signal in 1830, by sending electricity through a long set of wires to produce electromagnetism that was used to ring a bell
Joseph Henry
Patented the first functional electrical communication system in 1831; the electric telegraph with its system of electrical impulses identified as dots and dashes that eventually became known as Morse Code
Samuel Morse
Invented an electrical speech machine that transmitted voice over wires and became known as the telephone
Alexander Graham Bell
On ______, in _______, telephone was invented
March 10 1876
Boston, Massachusetts
Italian inventor who demonstrated the first radio transmission in 1895 that was received out of a line of sight (about 2 miles) on the grounds of his family estate in Italy
Gugliemo Marconi
Italian physicist who invented a pantelegraph in 1865 for transmitting pictures, the first commercial fax system
Giobanni Caselli
first transmission of pictures over telephone wires was publicly demonstrated on ______.
May 19, 1924
On January 23, 1926, _______ of Scotland gave the first public demonstration of a mechanical television with images of living human faces, not just outlines or silhouettes
John Logie Baird
4 fundamentals of telecommunication systems
1 Telecommunication
2 Telecommunication System
3 Transceiver
4 Bandwidth
the transmission, emission, or reception of Signs, signals, writing, images, sounds, or information of any nature by wire, radio, optical, or other electromagnetic systems
Telecommunication
Uses electricity, light (visible and infrared), or radio waves to transmit signals that carry voice and data transmissions.
Telecommunication system
a telecommunications device that functions as a transmitter and receiver
Transceiver
range between the highest and lowest frequencies of transmission
Bandwidth
Bandwidth is measured in ____
Hertz (Hz), cycles per second
2 transmission formats:
1 Analog Transmission
2 Digital Transmission
The conversion of useful sound or data into electrical impulses
Analog transmission
Involves a transmission of a signal that varies in voltage to represent one of two separate states (e.g,., on and off or O and 1).
Offers a rapid method of voice and nonvoice transmission.
Digital transmission
Isa collection of communication a equipment and devices that are interconnected so they can communicate in order to share data,
hardware, and software or perform an electronic function
Telecommunication network
Describes the;
- configuration of a network, including its nodes, connecting cables and equipment
- manner in which the cable is run to individual workstations on the network.
Topology
Basic network topologies:
1 Bus topology
2 Star topology
3 Ring topology
Connects each workstation (node) to a single
cable trunk. All signals are broadcast to all workstations.
Bus Topology
All workstations (nodes) are connected to a central unit called a hub.
Star topology
Connects workstation equipment and devices in a point-to-point serial manner in an unbroken circular configuration.
Ring topology
Transmission media:
cable
connectors
- Is the most common medium through which voice and data usually move from one network device to another
- Serves as the pipeline of a telecommunication system
Cable
Devices that connect cable to the network device
Connectors
types of transition media
Copper wiring
Coaxial Cable
most common medium through which voice and data usually Has been the principal telecommunications transmission medium.
copper wiring
A twisted pair is enclosed in a shield. An outer covering or shield is added to the ordinary twisted pair wires; the shield functions as a ground
Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) Wiring
Consists of multiple pairs of twisted insulated
copper conductors bound in a single sheath.
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Wiring
U.S. standard for wire conductor size applied to copper electrical power and telephone wiring; The gauge refers to wire thickness: the higher the gauge number, the thinner the wire.
American Wire Gauge (AWG)
Twisted pairs in Copper Wiring:
Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) Wiring
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Wiring
American Wire Gauge (AWG)
Has two conductors: an inner solid wire surrounded by an outer braided metal sheath; The conductors both run concentrically along the same axis
Coaxial Cable
an outer sheathing
jacket
Also referred to as thinnet;
- 10Base2 The 2 refers to the approximate maximum segment length being 200 m (654 ft), but the maximum practical segment length is actually 185 m (605 ft).
Thin coaxial cable
Also referred to as thicknet.
- 10Base5 refers to the specifications for thick coaxial cable. The 5 refers to the maximum segment length being 500 m (1635 ft)
Thick coaxial cable
A type of coax cable with an additional outer copper braid insulated from signal carrying conductors
Triax cable
A type of communication transmission cable consisting of two center conductors surrounded by an insulating spacer, which in turn is surrounded by a tubular outer conductor (usually a braid, foil, or both).
Twin axial cable (Twinax)
_____ is very effective at carrying many analog Signals at high frequencies.
Coaxial cable
coaxial cables;
thin coaxial cable
thick coaxial cable
triax cable
twin axial cable
The most common type of connector used with coaxial cables.
Bayonet Neil-Concelman (BNC) Connector
Are long, thin strands of very pure silicon glass or plastic about the diameter of a human hair.
optical fibers
Elements of a Single Optic Fiber
core
cladding
buffer coating
thin glass center of the fiber where the
light travels
core
outer material surrounding the core that reflects the light back into the core
cladding
plastic coating that protects
the fiber from damage and moisture
buffer coating
Bundles that are consist of hundreds or thousands of optical fibers
optical cables
types of optic cables
ST connectors
SC connectors
A barrel shaped, similar to a BNC
connector.
ST Connectors
Has a squared face and is easier to connect in a confined space
SC connectors
Decodes the signal and receives the light signal.
Uses a photocell or photodiode to detect the light signal, decodes it, and sends an electrical signal to a computer, TV, or telephone.
Optical Receiver
Needed over long distances to boost the light
signal.
One or more optical regenerators may be spliced
along a long cable to amplify the degraded light
signal.
Optical regenerator
Needed over long distances to boost the light
signal.
One or more optical regenerators may be spliced
along a long cable to amplify the degraded light
signa
Optical Regenerator
Term used to describe telecommunications in which electromagnetic waves carry the signal
wireless
forms of Wireless Communications
Microwave
synchronous satellites
low-earth-orbit satellites
Cellular
Personal communications service (PCS)
The operation of wireless devices or systems in homes and offices, and in particular, equipment connected to the Internet by the use of specialized modems.
Fixed Wireless Network
Has a wavelength of 650 nm which consists of a number of computers, each equipped with a wireless networking interface card
peer-to-peer
types of wireless networks
peer-to-peer
access point or base station
Has a computer or receiver that serves as the point at which the network is accessed
Access point or base station
The use of technology in devices or systems that convey data through infrared radiation.
Infrared
Uses radio waves to send and receive information, similar to a garage door opener, baby monitor, walkie-talkie, or portable phone.
Radio Frequency
There must be a visually unobstructed straight-line path through space between the transmitter (source) and receiver (destination).
Lign-of sight mode
Where the system can function when the source and destination are not directly visible to each other.
Diffuse mode
WIFI:
Wireless fidelity
WLAN means
wireless local area network
A manner wherein a telecommunication signal is affected due to a telecommunication cable placed within an electromagnetic field.
Electromagnetic interference
is the medium through which voice and data move from one telecommunication device to another.
Telecommunication cabling
a passageway, and thus a path, for cable to travel when interconnecting devices, components, and equipment in telecommunication system
Pathways
A generic term used to describe a main pathway or cabling media that interconnects a number of telecommunication devices
backbone
the cabling, devices, and equipment that
integrate the voice, data, video, and electronic management systems of a building
Structured Cabling Systems
A mounted hardware unit containing an assembly of rows of connecting locations in a communications system,
Patch panel
locations in a communications system
ports
receptacle that is a specific place for physically connecting a device or piece of equipment to another.
port
a cable that is used to create a connection from one port in a patch panel to another port.
patch cord
- located within a building telecommunications system
- it connects the entrance facilities /equipment room to the telecommunications closets for cabling that inter connects equipment’s
and devices in the Space
Backbone Pathway
o building’s Backbone pathway consist of:
Backbone cables.
Intermediate and main cross-connects. Mechanical terminations.
Patch cords
The most commonly used horizontal pathway consists of cable bundles run from the telecommunications closet along ___ or ____ suspended above a plenum ceiling
J-hooks or cable trays
extends from the work area
(workstation) outlet to the telecommunications closet and consists of horizontal cabling, telecommunications outlet, table terminations, and cross-connections
Horizontal cabling system
the space containing work Station (terminal),
equipment and components.
work area
allows a homeowner to integrate
the control and management of the subsystems
communication subsystem
entertainment subsystem
home office subsystem
environmental control/ energy management subsystem
security/property protection subsystem
Designed to be relatively simple to interconnect so that modifications and additions can be easily accomplished. The work area can also be served by a wireless access point.
work area wiring
(e.g., intercom, phone, message
recording, fax and e-mail)
Communication service
An advanced home wiring system is typically consists of three main components:
1 service center
2 universal multiuse outlets
3 high-performance cabling
Called the Central hub or distribution center.
service center
Also popularly known as data/voice outlet.
- Determine the services that are available in that room on which horizontal cable or outlet cable terminates
universal multiuse outlets
Several types are used, including CAT 5 UTP copper wire, coaxial cable, and even wireless transmission technologies
High performance cabling
Pulsating light : _______
Varying amplitude : _____
Digital signaling
Digital transmission
Conversion of usefiul sound or data intp electrical impulses
Analog transmission
Involves a transmission of signals that vary in voltage
Digital transmission
Measure of information capacity
Bandwidth
Cables that extend from the hub to the terminal wothout splicing other connections
Home runs
Chinese used ____
Rockets
U.S. standard for wire conductor size applied to
copper electrical power and telephone wiring.
American wire gauge
U.S. standard for wire conductor size applied to
copper electrical power and telephone wiring.
American wire gauge
Modes of transmission in fixed wireless systems
Infrared
Radio frequency
is the cabling and pathways outside of the building and caries telecommunication services to the building these
The interbuilding backbone
