Building Rapport and the Initial Investigation Stage

Question 1

the 3 attributes essential to successful relationships

Answer 1

1) empathy
2) warmth
3) genuineness

Question 2

the stage of the client-trainer relationship that is ongoing with no clearly defined timeline

Answer 2

rapport

Question 3

T/F: The first objective when meeting a prospective client is to first build rapport; gathering information on the client’s goals and objectives is secondary.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

the 4 purposes of the pre-participation screening

Answer 4

1) identifying presence or absence of known cardiovascular, pulmonary, and/or metabolic disease, or signs or symptoms suggestive of these diseases
2) identifying medical contraindications
3) detecting at-risk individuals who should first undergo medical evaluation and clinical exercise testing
4) identifying those with medical conditions who should participate in medically supervised programs

Question 5

a document used to release a personal trainer from liability for injuries resulting from a supervised exercise program, and represents a client’s voluntary abandonment of the right to file a lawsuit

Answer 5

release of liability waiver

Question 6

the period of time it takes for disuse atrophy of muscles surrounding an injury to begin

Answer 6

2 days

Question 7

a medication that has no primary effect on heart rate but can cause dangerous cardiac arrhythmias due to water and electrolyte imbalances

Answer 7

diuretics

Question 8

this must be included in a pre-participation screening

Answer 8

health-risk appraisal

Question 9

3 reasons why females have a higher RHR than men

Answer 9

1) smaller heart chamber size
2) lower blood volume circulating less oxygen throughout the body
3) lower hemoglobin levels

Question 10

the pressure that is exerted on the artery walls as blood remains in the arteries during the filling phase of the cardiac cycle, or between beats when the heart relaxes; it is the minimum pressure that exists within one cardiac cycle

Answer 10

diastolic blood pressure

Question 11

PAR-Q risk classification - when a medical exam is recommended before exercise

Answer 11

1) moderate risk and vigorous exercise
2) high risk and moderate exercise
3) high risk and vigorous exercise

Question 12

PAR-Q low risk classification

Answer 12

<2 risk factors

Question 13

PAR-Q moderate risk classification

Answer 13

2 or more risk factors

Question 14

PAR-Q high risk classification

Answer 14

symptomatic, or known cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, or metabolic disease

Question 15

PAR-Q risk classification - when an exercise test is recommended before exercise

Answer 15

high risk individuals

Question 16

PAR-Q risk classification - when doctor supervision of exercise test is recommended before exercise

Answer 16

high risk individuals

Question 17

Age - positive risk factor criteria

Answer 17

Male ≥ 45 years old

Female ≥ 55 years old

Question 18

Family history - positive risk factor criteria

Answer 18

Myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, or sudden death:

• before 55 years old in father or other first-degree male relative
• before 65 years old in mother or other first-degree female relative

Question 19

Cigarette smoking - positive risk factor criteria

Answer 19

current smoker or quit within previous 6 months, or exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (i.e., secondhand smoke)

Question 20

Sedentary lifestyle - positive risk factor criteria

Answer 20

not participating in at least 30 min of moderate-intensity physical activity (40 to <60% VO2R) on at least 3 days/week for at least 3 months

Question 21

Obesity - positive risk factor criteria

Answer 21

BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² or
Men - waist girth > 102 cm (40 in)
Women - waist girth > 88 cm (35 in)

Question 22

Hypertension - positive risk factor criteria

Answer 22

SBP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or
DBP ≥ 90 mmHg, OR
currently on antihypertensive medication

Question 23

Dyslipidemia - positive risk factor criteria

Answer 23

LDL ≥ 130 mg/dL (3.37 mmol/L) or
HDL < 40 mg/dL (1.04 mmol/L) or
total serum cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dL (5.18 mmol/L) or
on lipid-lowering medication

Question 24

Prediabetes - positive risk factor criteria

Answer 24

• Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL (5.55 mmol/L), but ≤ 125 mg/dL (6.94 mmol/L), OR
• impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) where a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test value is ≥ 140 mg/dL (7.77 mmol/L) but ≤ 199 mg/dL (11.04 mmol/L)

Question 25

Negative risk factor

Answer 25

HDL ≥ 60 mg/DL (1.55 mmol/L)

Question 26

used prior to assessments and discloses the purposes, procedures, risks, and benefits associated, but does not provide legal immunity to the trainer

Answer 26

informed consent (assumption of risk)

Question 27

used to release a trainer from liability for injuries and the client’s voluntary abandonment of the right to file suit

Answer 27

liability waiver

Question 28

T/F: A liability waiver protects the trainer from being sued for negligence.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

medications that relax or open the air passages in the lungs, allowing for better air exchange

Answer 29

bronchodilators (asthma medications)

Question 30

the traditional classification system to categorize RHRs

Answer 30

• sinus bradycardia (slow HR): RHR < 60 bpm
• normal sinus rhythm: RHR 60 to 100 bpm
• sinus tachycardia (fast HR): RHR > 100 bpm

Question 31

average HR - overall, males, females

Answer 31

overall: 70-72 bpm
males: 60-70 bpm
females: 72-80 bpm

Question 32

the ventral aspect of the wrist on the side of the thumb and is more difficult to palpate

Answer 32

radial artery

Question 33

located in the neck, lateral to the trachea, and more easily palpated when the neck is slightly extended

Answer 33

carotid artery

Question 34

the standard site of BP measurement

Answer 34

brachial artery

Question 35

sounds made from vibrations as blood moves along the walls of the vessel

Answer 35

Korotkoff sounds

Question 36

T/F: The first BP phase, signified by the onset of Korotkoff sounds, corresponds with SBP.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

T/F: DBP is indicated by the 4th (significant muttering of sound) and 5th (disappearance of sound) BP phases.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

T/F: The 5th phase is typically used for measuring DBP, but in children and adults with a 5th phase below 40 mmHg, yet appear healthy, the 4th phase may be used.

Answer 38

True

Question 39

how to determine HR using the Borg RPE scale (6-20)

Answer 39

add a 0 to the RPE score (e.g., RPE of 6 = 60 bpm)

Question 40

when exercise-induced feeling inventory (EFI) survey should be administered

Answer 40

1) initial interview

2) after completion of a workout

Question 41

the 4 subscales of the EFI

Answer 41

1) positive engagement
2) revitalization
3) tranquility
4) physical exhaustion

Question 42

time period of tracking EFI subscale scores to determine aggregated trends

Answer 42

4-6 weeks