Building Electrical Materials and Equipment Flashcards
industrial facility that houses the prime mover, electric generator and auxiliaries for conversion of mechanical energy, chemical energy and/or nuclear energy into electrical energy
Power Station
facility or system for the generation of electric power
Power Station
carry power from the transformer through a metering device to the building’s service disconnects
may be overhead or underground
Service Entrance Conductors
overhead wires extend from a pole-mounted distribution transformer to the building’s service entrance
Overhead service entrance conductors extending from pole-mounted transformers
Service drop
underground (buried) service entrance conductors.
Service Lateral
includes the components that connect the utility-supplied wiring (the service lateral or service drop) to the service disconnect, excluding the utility’s metering equipment
Service Entrance
receives the service entrance conductors
The service equipment includes a method of measuring power (metering equipment), a method of cutting off power (main disconnect or switch gear), and overcurrent protection devices (circuit breakers or fuses) that protect the service entrance conductors.
Service Entrance Equipment
required part of the service entrance equipment that allows electrical service from the utility company to be switched off so that power is disconnected to the building installation
set of fuses or a circuit breaker that protects the service entrance conductors
Service Disconnect
large cabinet or assembly of metal cabinets in which is connected disconnecting switches, overcorrect protection devices (fuses or circuit breakers), other protective devices, and instruments designed to divide large amounts of electrical current into smaller amounts of current used by electrical equipment
Switchboard
one or more metal cabinets that serve as a single unit, including buses, automatic overcurrent protection devices (fuses or circuit breakers)
equipped with or without switches for the control of light, heat, and power circuits
Panelboard
used in transmitting and distributing power from the power plant to a substation
Transformers
The operation of a large commercial installation depends on power distribution that, in turn, depends on transformers used to change voltage, current, and phase of electrical power nearby and within a building.
Transformers
kVA
Building transformers are rated in
: steps down the voltage applied to it are
: typically used in buildings to reduce building system voltages to useable levels
step-down transformer
steps up the voltage applied to it
step-up transformer
safeguard the building service or an individual circuit from excessive current flows
Overcurrent protection (OCP) devices
protects the circuit components from severe overheating when current flowing through the circuit reaches an amperage that will cause an excessive or dangerous temperature rise in conductors
Overcurrent protection (OCP) devices
serve as automatic overcurrent protection devices
designed to open a circuit if the amount of current, in amps, that flows through the circuit exceeds the OCP device rating
Fuses and circuit breakers
device designed to open (or trip) and close a circuit by non-automatic means and to open the circuit automatically on a predetermined overcurrent without damage to itself when properly applied within its rating
Circuit Breaker
overcurrent protective device with a circuit opening fusible part that is heated and severed by the passage of overcurrent through it.
Fuse
enclosed in insulating tube
Cartridge Fuse
enclosed in porcelain or rubber commonly used in various electrical appliances
Plug Fuse
opened wire of low melting point commonly used in the safety power switch
Fuse Wire
holds five times its rating for ¼ to 2 seconds (not ideal to loads which requires more than 2 seconds to accelerate)
Non-time delay fuse
holds five times the rating for 10 seconds
Dual-element time delay fuse
PEC
Philippine Electrical Code
highest current it can carry continuously without exceeding a specific temperature limit (e.g., without overheating)
Overcurrent Rating
the current that a fuse is able to interrupt without being destroyed or causing an electric arc with unacceptable duration
Interrupting Capacity
broad category of electrical or electronic machine or instrument designed to perform a specific mechanical, chemical, heating, or lighting function through the use of electrical energy
Utilization equipment
an end-use piece of utilization equipment designed to perform a specific function such as cooking, cleaning, cooling, or heating
Electric Appliance
component in an electrical system that is designed to carry but not use electricity
includes components such as switches, receptacles, and relays
Electrical Device
location in a branch circuit where electricity is used
For example, a lighting outlet is the location in a branch circuit where conductors provide power to a light fixture.
Outlet
female connecting device with slotted contacts
installed at an outlet or on equipment, where it is intended to easily establish an electrical connection with an inserted plug
Receptacle
male connecting device that has two or more prongs that are inserted into a receptacle to connect to an electrical circuit
Plug
an electrical component that can break an electrical circuit, interrupting the current or diverting it from one conductor to another
Switch
used to control a single or group of lamps from one location
has only two terminals
SPST (single pole single throw) switch
used to control a single lamp from two different locations
has three terminals
SPDT (single pole double throw) or three way switch
used to control a single lamp from three or more different locations
has four terminals
Four-way switch
mechanical switching device used to isolate a circuit or an equipment from the supply side
could either be fused or non-fuse type
Disconnect (Safety Power Switch)
any material that conducts electrical current
either solid or stranded
Electrical Conductor
are a single solid length of conductor called a wire.
Solid conductors
consist of smaller wire strands.
Stranded conductors
an electrical conductor (usually copper or aluminum) that serves as a common connection for two or more electrical circuits
typically solid bars used for power distribution
commonly found in panelboards, switchboards, and other power distribution equipment
either flat strips or hollow tubes
Bus bar
contains more than one conductor bundled together in a factory assembly of wires
an outer sheathing encases and protects the conductors, simplifying installation of multiple wiring
Cable
conductor encased within material of composition or thickness recognized by the PEC as electrical insulation
Insulated Conductor
conductor encased within material of composition or thickness that is not recognized by the PEC as electrical insulation
Covered Conductor
conductor having no covering or electrical insulation whatsoever
Bare Conductor
a stranded conductor or a group of conductors insulated from one another
Cable
enclosed channel for holding wires, cables or busbars
Raceway
Single insulated conductor of solid or stranded bare annealed high conductivity copper, with thermoplastic lead-free insulation of PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) and protected by a nylon jacket
normally designed to operate up to 600 V
Thermoplastic Cables
the maximum current it can carry continuously without exceeding the temperature limitations of the insulation and sheathing material
Conductor’s Ampacity
electrical boxes and cabinets made of metal (e.g., steel, galvanized steel, aluminum, and so on) or nonmetallic (plastic) materials that provide protection for conductors, connections, controls, and other electrical equipment
Enclosures
metal and non-metallic (plastic) enclosures that hold devices such as switches or outlets and safely permit wiring connections
Boxes are available in four primary shapes: square, rectangular, octagonal, or round.
Electrical boxes
special type of electrical box used to enclose conductor connections
Connections are commonly called junctions in the trade.
Junction boxes (J-boxes)
type of junction box that allows access to a raceway for snaking conductors through the raceway
Knockouts in most boxes and other enclosures can be easily removed to allow wiring to enter the box
Pull box
enclosed channel such as a conduit, tube, or gutter designed for holding wires, cables, or busbars
Raceway
of a standardized, factory-assembled enclosure consists of outer duct-like housing, bus bars, and insulators
Busway
metal sheet or nonmetallic, flame-resistant plastic troughs that serve as a housing that encloses and protects conductors
Wire gutters or wireways
- In homes, electric motors are found in refrigerators, freezers, dishwashers, kitchen sink waste disposal, portable kitchen appliances, exhaust and ventilation fans, clothes washers and dryers, furnaces, air conditioners, and paddle fans.
ELECTRIC MOTORS
