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Building Construction Related To The Fire Service 4th Edition > Building Construction Related To The Fire Service 4th Edition > Flashcards

Building Construction Related To The Fire Service 4th Edition Flashcards

1
Q

The most widely used model building code in the US is the

A

International Building Code

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2
Q

Type I Construction

A

Fire Resistive

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3
Q

Type II Construction

A

Protected Noncombustible or Noncombustible

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4
Q

Type III Construction

A

Exterior Protected (Masonry or Ordinary)

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5
Q

Type IV Construction

A

Heavy Timber

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6
Q

Type V Construction

A

Wood frame

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7
Q

What two thing effect fuel load?

A

Occupancy and Use

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8
Q

Two methods of heat transfer:

A

Radiation and convection

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9
Q

_____ usually involves the transfer of heat through movement of hot smoke and fire gases.

A

Convection

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10
Q

_____ is the transfer of heat energy through space by electromagnetic waves.

A

Thermal radiation

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11
Q

A chemical process of oxidation that occurs at a rate fast enough to produce heat and usually light in the form of a glow or flame.

A

Combustion.

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12
Q

_____ construction is classified by the presence of Noncombustible structural components that have fire resistive rating within a specified range.

A

Type I

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13
Q

_____ construction allows a wider range of materials that Type I.

A

Type II

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14
Q

_____ construction has been commonly referred to as “ordinary construction”. Exterior walls of masonry.

A

Type III

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15
Q

_____ construction is commonly known as heavy-timber or “mill” construction.

A

Type IV

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16
Q

_____ construction is primarily used for aesthetic. Structural components are allowed to be of combustible construction.

A

Type V

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17
Q

The maximum amount of heat that can be released if all fuel is consumed.

A

Fire Load

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18
Q

Total amount of thermal energy that could be generated by the combustion reaction if a fuel were completely burned:

A

Heat of Combustion

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19
Q

The force of _____ is the most common load imposed on a structure via the weight of the structures components, contents, and any occupancy activity.

A

Gravity

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20
Q

Load perpendicular to the cross section of the structural member.

A

Eccentric

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21
Q

Load applied off-center from the cross section of the structural component and at an angle to or in the same plane as the cross section.

A

Torsional

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22
Q

Load applied to the center of the cross section of a member and perpendicular to that cross section.

A

Axial

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23
Q

_____ load is fixed in location and quantifiable.

A

Dead load

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24
Q

_____ load is not fixe or permanent.

A

Live load

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25
Q

_____ loads are steady or applied gradually.

A

Static loads

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26
Q

_____ loads involve motion and are capable of delivering energy greatly in excess of the weight of the object involved.

A

Dynamic Loads

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27
Q

_____ are structural members designed to support an axial load.

A

Columns

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28
Q

____ is a curved structural member with primarily compressive interior stresses.

A

Arch

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29
Q

_____ are framed structural units made up of a group of triangles in one plane.

A

Trusses

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30
Q

_____ framing uses a series of vertical elements to support horizontal elements that carry transverse loads.

A

Post and Beam Construction

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31
Q

A _____ structural system is characterized by columns and beams reinforced to transmit the bending stress through joints.

A

Rigid Frame

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32
Q

_____ consist primarily of an enclosing, waterproof surface.

A

Surface Systems

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33
Q

_____ are similar to fabric tents, but differ in that they are intended to he permanent structures.

A

Membrane Structures

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34
Q

Stairs that are NOT part of the means of egress are referred to as _____.

A

Convenience Stairs

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35
Q

_____ elevators carry people.

A

Passenger

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36
Q

_____ elevators carry resources that may be bulky or heavy.

A

Freight

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37
Q

_____ elevators are passenger elevators designed to also carry freight.

A

Service

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38
Q

_____ elevators operate via fluid forced, under pressure, into a cylinder containing a piston or ram.

A

Hydraulic

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39
Q

_____ elevators use a hoisting cable and drum.

A

Electric

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40
Q

_____ elevators use a hoisting cable wound on a drum located in a motor room.

A

Drum

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41
Q

_____ elevators are the most common type of elevator in buildings over six stories. They use counter weights.

A

Traction

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42
Q

_____ elevators feature controls that may be remote from the elevator system.

A

Machine Room-Less

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43
Q

_____ are small freight elevators that move along a hoistway and transport items of small weight and size between floors.

A

Dumbwaiters

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44
Q

_____ are used for express elevators that serve the upper elevator zones in tall buildings.

A

Blind Hoistways

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45
Q

Fully enclosed escape stairway that exits directly onto a public way.

A

Smoke tower

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46
Q

_____ expand upon exposure to heat and create a thick, puffy coating that insulates the wood surface form heat and excludes oxygen form the wood.

A

Intumescent paint

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47
Q

_____ coatings form a thick, noncombustible coating over the surface of the wood.

A

Mastic coatings

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48
Q

_____ procedures include standardized methodologies that are intended to control as many variables as possible and yield meaningful results.

A

Criterion-referenced testing

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49
Q

A series of barriers designed to keep flames, smoke, and heat from spreading between spaces.

A

Compartmentation

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50
Q

_____ are self-supporting with respect to vertical loads.

A

Freestanding walls

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51
Q

_____ are interior walls that do not qualify as fire walls but are used to subdivide a floor or area of a building.

A

Fire Partitions

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52
Q

_____ is a style of wall that is designed to separate the interior environment from the exterior. These are nonload-bearing.

A

Curtain Wall

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53
Q

_____ are the most common means for protecting openings through fire rated walls.

A

Fire Doors

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54
Q

Class __ Fire Door: Openings in fire walls.

A

A

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55
Q

Class __ Fire Door: Openings in vertical shafts and openings in 2-hour rated partitions.

A

B

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56
Q

Class__ Fire Door: Openings between rooms and corridors having a fire resistance of 1 hour or less.

A

C

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57
Q

Class __ Fire Door: Openings in exterior walls subject to severe fire exposure from the outside of a building.

A

D

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58
Q

Class __ Fire Door: Openings in exterior walls subject to moderate or light exposure from the outside.

A

E

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59
Q

_____ fire doors commonly protect stairwell enclosures and corridors.

A

Swinging fire doors

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60
Q

_____ are driven into the ground and support a load by transferring the load either through friction with the surrounding soil, or trough contact with rock or other stable soil.

A

Piles

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61
Q

_____ and _____ secured with mortar are the materials most commonly used for foundational walls.

A

Concrete and masonry

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62
Q

Which type of foundational wall may add to the fire load.

A

EPS-Expanded polystyrene.

63
Q

Solid lumber includes _____, _____ and _____.

A

Dimensional lumber, boards, and timbers

64
Q

_____ wood products are made of flat strips of wood joined with glue.

A

Laminated wood

65
Q

_____ is generally not used for structural applications.

A

Particleboard

66
Q

_____ is a layer of material installed outside of the studs to provide the structural stability, insulation, and an underlayer for the siding.

A

Sheathing

67
Q

Walls with a surface layer of attractive material laid over a base of a common material:

A

Veneered walls

68
Q

The total amount of thermal energy that can be released if the fuel is completely burned:

A

Heat of Combustion of a Fuel

69
Q

In _____ framing, the exterior wall studs are continuous from the foundation to the roof.

A

Balloon Framing

70
Q

In _____ framing, the exterior wall vertical studs are not continuous to the second floor.

A

Platform Framing

71
Q

_____ construction type, is characterized by heavy wooden structural interior supports with a masonry exterior.

A

Type IV, Heavy Timber

72
Q

_____ framing is a form of wood-frame construction with columns and beams that use dimensions smaller than those used in heavy timber framing but greater than those used in light-frame construction.

A

Post and Beam

73
Q

The most common type of connector between heavy timber members are _____.

A

Steel gusset plates with through-bolts.

74
Q

Structures with _____ and _____ materials are the most common types of buildings in most jurisdictions, and they have a high potential for sudden, catastrophic structural failure.

A

Light and manufactured materials

75
Q

_____ are the most common concrete masonry units.

A

Hollow Concrete Blocks

76
Q

Most commonly used cement:

A

Portland Cement

77
Q

Expansion of excess moisture within masonry materials resulting in tensile forces within the material, and causing it to break apart:

A

Spalling

78
Q

Code classification of buildings with masonry components depends on the fire resistance of _____, _____ and ____.

A

Joists, beams and rafters

79
Q

A _____ course has bricks placed end to end.

A

Stretcher

80
Q

A _____ course has bricks placed vertically on end.

A

Soldier

81
Q

A _____ course has bricks placed with the end facing out.

A

Header

82
Q

In _____ masonry construction, a brick wythe is commonly used in combination with a concrete block wythe.

A

Concrete Block Brick Faced

83
Q

_____ are the most common method of supporting loads over openings in masonry walls.

A

Lintels

84
Q

A _____ is a beam over an opening in a masonry wall.

A

Lintel

85
Q

Collapse of masonry walls often occur when:

A

Interior wood framing fails.

86
Q

The primary two metals alloyed in steel are:

A

Iron and Carbon

87
Q

A measure of a metals ability to be drawn:

A

Ductility

88
Q

An unrestrained steel beam 20 feet long can expand _____ inches.

A

1.4 inches

89
Q

A steel column encased in three inches of concrete with a silecous aggregate would have a fire resistance of _____ hours.

A

4 hours

90
Q

Beam and girder steel frames can be classified as _____, _____ or _____.

A

Rigid, simple or semi rigid.

91
Q

_____ trusses provide a structural member that can carry loads across greater spans more economically than beams can.

A

Steel trusses

92
Q

Steel rigid frames usually are used for spans from _____ to _____ feet.

A

40 to 200

93
Q

The most common column cross section are _____, _____ and _____.

A

Hollow cylinder, rectangular tube, wide flange shape.

94
Q

_____ is the hardened form of cement.

A

Concrete

95
Q

Concrete is widely used in Type __ Construction.

A

Type I

96
Q

The primary cause of spalling is:

A

The expansion of moisture within the concrete.

97
Q

A _____ frame consists of a concrete slab supported by concrete beams.

A

Slab and beam frame

98
Q

_____ framing construction is used where spans are short and floor loadings are high.

A

Waffle/Two Way Framing

99
Q

_____ construction is a common type used with pre cast concrete.

A

Tilt-up construction

100
Q

_____ are the easiest roofs in which firefighters can work.

A

Flat roofs

101
Q

Common roof style that consists of two inclined surfaces that meet at their high side to form a ridge:

A

Gable Roof

102
Q

Style that slopes in four directions and has a degree of slope similar to the gable roof:

A

Hip Roof

103
Q

Slope in two directions, but there will be a break in the slope on each side.

A

Gambrel Roof

104
Q

Has a break in the slope of the roof on all four sides.

A

Mansard Roof

105
Q

Roof style that slopes in two directions - basically two shed roofs that meet at their low eaves.

A

Butterfly Roof

106
Q

Style designed to provide light and ventilation. A raised central section of the roof extends several feet above the surrounding roof surface.

A

Monitor Roof

107
Q

A style also once commonly used on industrial buildings for light and ventilation. Ideally the glass vertical sections should face north because the northern light is more constant during the day and the glare can be avoided.

A

Sawtooth Roof

108
Q

Horizontal member between trusses that support the roof:

A

Purlin

109
Q

The _____ is designed to reduce the diffusion of interior into the insulation layer.

A

Vapor Barrier

110
Q

The thermal insulation reduces or increases the loss of heat through the roof.

A

Reduces

111
Q

A _____ is a building’s first line of defense against the elements.

A

Roof

112
Q

Often times a rain roof will have a steeper or shallower pitch than the original roof?

A

Steeper

113
Q

High rise building is _____ feet or higher.

A

75

114
Q

The most significant and obvious feature of modern high rise buildings is their _____.

A

Height

115
Q

_____ are a crucial aspect of fire protection in high rise buildings.

A

Standpipes

116
Q

In high rises, building code often requires some form of _____ from each floor.

A

Mechanical Smoke Removal

117
Q

_____ are a critical resource that firefighters use to reach upper floors in high-rise buildings.

A

Modern Elevators

118
Q

_____ elevator operation stops all the cars that serve the fire floor if they are moving away from their terminal floor and causes all the cars to return to the lobby.

A

Phase 1 Elevator Operation

119
Q

_____ elevator operation is designed to override the recall feature to permit firefighters to use the elevators after they arrive on scene.

A

Phase II Elevator Operation

120
Q

Limited access buildings typically have to have _____.

A

Sprinklers

121
Q

_____ structures feature a rigid frame with a tensioned membrane covering, usually with internal columns.

A

Frame-membrane structures

122
Q

A/an _____ is a large vertical opening extending through two or more floors of a building that is not used for building services.

A

Atrium

123
Q

Structural damage from an explosion can be mitigated through _____ or _____.

A

Containment or venting

124
Q

_____ at construction sites are often directly related to the unfinished state of the building and its utilities.

A

Fire Hazards

125
Q

Building and fire codes typically require that standpipes be extended before the construction reaches _____ feet above the lowest level of fire department access.

A

40 feet

126
Q

NFPA 241 requires the presence of a _____ during roofing operations.

A

20 B rated fire extinguisher

127
Q

When construction affects one or more of the exits for existing building, temporary measures such as _____ must be taken in order to provide new exits.

A

Fire rated tunnels

128
Q

The causes of building collapse can be put into two broad categories:

A

Nature Caused and Human Caused

129
Q

The most dangerous time during a building’s lifespan is during _____.

A

Its demolition

130
Q

_____ is similar to landslides in that the ground gives way, but usually in the form of gradual sinking.

A

Land Subsidence

131
Q

_____ are an extreme form of subsidence.

A

Sink holes

132
Q

The Primary cause of sink holes is _____.

A

The collapse of the ground surface into an underground cavity created as ground water dissolves water soluble rock formations.

133
Q

The primary cause of subsidence is _____.

A

The removal of large amounts of underground water or oil over many years beneath built up areas.

134
Q

_____ are the primary cause of incidents that affect a wide area.

A

Natural Forces

135
Q

Type IV Construction is: Pg 20

A

Heavy Timber

136
Q

The transfer of heat energy through space by electromagnetic waves: Pg 31

A

Thermal Radiation

137
Q

Distinctive characteristics of _____ framing is the spacing of the vertical posts and the cross-sectional dimensions of the members. Pg 86

A

Post and Beam

138
Q

_____ operate under via fluid forced, under pressure into a cylinder containing a piston or ram. Pg 104

A

Hydraulic Elevator

139
Q

_____ expand upon exposure to heat and create a thick puffy coating that insulates the wood surface from heat and excludes oxygen from the wood. Pg 140

A

Intumescent paint

140
Q

The most common style of connector between heavy timber members are _____. Pg 140

A

Steel gusset plates with through bolts.

141
Q

The most common method of supporting loads over open masonry walls followed by arches: Pg 228

A

Lintels

142
Q

_____ are used to support roofs on buildings where large unobstructed floors are needed such as gymnasiums and convention halls. Pg 249

A

Steel arches

143
Q

Roof that slope in two directions but there will be a break in the slope on each side: Pg 280

A

Gambrel Roof

144
Q

Building and fire codes typically require that standpipes be extended before the construction reaches _____ feet above the lowest level of fire department access. Pg 351

A

40 feet

145
Q

Body of local code, adopted by the states, counties, cities, or other governmental bodies to regulate the construction, renovation, and maintenance of buildings. Pg. 28

A

Building codes

146
Q

Area where persons who are unable to use stairs can temporarily wait for instruction or assistance. Pg30

A

Area of refuge

147
Q

Preparing to handle an incident at a particular location or a particular type before the incident occurs. Pg 40

A

Pre incident planning

148
Q

Solid materials, such as wood blocks, used to prevent or limit the vertical and horizontal spread of fire. Pg 50

A

Fire blocks

149
Q

Incapable of supporting combustion under normal circumstances. Pg 53

A

Noncombustible

150
Q

Building type using concrete block walls and steel beam or truss used for roof: Pg 58

A

Type II

151
Q

Load that is applied at one point or over a small area: Pg 82

A

Concentrated load

152
Q

What is the strongest part of the frame and last part to fall? Pg 271

A

Knee joint

153
Q

Uses blower or fan to provide a slightly greater pressure in the stairwell: Pg 126

A

Pressurized Strairwell

154
Q

Most common temporary fire protection measure is the installation of _____. Pg 338

A

Standpipes with outlets

Building Construction Related To The Fire Service 4th Edition (1 decks)

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