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5th year, week 1 (building automation 1&2, orientation 3) > Building Automation Lvl 1 > Flashcards

Building Automation Lvl 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most significant benefit of a BAS?

A

Energy Efficiency

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2
Q

What are the two ‘primary targets’ for improving a building’s energy efficiency?

A
  1. ) HVAC systems

2. ) Lighting

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3
Q

What early type of control system was developed in the early 1900’s for HVAC in commercial buildings?

A

Pneumatic

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4
Q

Within a pneumatic control system there are __ main groups of components.

A

4

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5
Q

What does DDC stand for?

A

Direct-Digital Control

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6
Q

A ____ system uses a distributed network of microprocessor-based controllers to automate any combination of building systems.

A

Building Automation

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7
Q

What three components does a system controller include?

A
  1. ) Microprocessor
  2. ) Memory
  3. ) Control Program
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8
Q

What is the difference between a DDC system and a full BAS?

A

Every device in a BAS can communicate with one another on the buildings ‘shared network’.

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9
Q

What is the disadvantage of a BAS?

A

They are more complex, therefore requiring contractors with specialized knowledge of them,

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10
Q

What type of control system is common for residential applications?

A

X10

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11
Q

Industrial Automation is usually applied at the ____ level, rather than the ____ level,

A

Controller, Device

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12
Q

The automation priorities for a building are often based on what four main factors?

A
  1. ) Location
  2. ) Occupancy
  3. ) Equipment and Products
  4. ) On-site Processes
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13
Q

A ____ is a document describing the desired performance of the purchased components and means and methods of installation.

A

Contract Specifications or “Specs”

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14
Q

____ drawings are documents produced by a contractor with the details necessary for installation.

A

Shop Drawings (also called ‘Cut Sheets’)

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15
Q

What are the two main parts of Shop Drawings?

A
  1. ) Components

2. ) Software/wiring

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16
Q

A ____ is a device that measures a variable and transmits a signal that conveys this information.

A

Sensor

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17
Q

A ____ is a device that makes decisions to change some aspect of a system based on information from sensors and internal programming.

A

Controller

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18
Q

A ____ is a device that accepts a control signal and causes a mechanical motion.

A

Actuator

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19
Q

A ____ is an electrical switch that is actuated by a seperate electrical circuit.

A

Relay

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20
Q

What are the three types of control signals?

A
  1. ) Digital (On or Off)
  2. ) Analog (Any value between 0-100%)
  3. ) Structured Network Messages (Protocol)
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21
Q

A ____ power source is typically located on or near customer facilities, which supplies power in the event of an interruption in power from the utility.

A

Secondary

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22
Q

What two examples are given in the book of electrical loads required to have secondary power sources by governing bodies?

A
  1. ) Fire Pumps

2. ) Egress Lighting

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23
Q

What is the most common source of back-up (secondary) power?

A

Diesel Generators

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24
Q

The main functions of ____ devices are monitoring and maintaining a reliable and quality power supply.

A

Electrical System Control Devices

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25
Q

A ____ is a heavy-duty relay for switching ‘high power’ loads.

A

Contactor

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26
Q

Proper indoor lighting can improve both the ____ and ____ of occupants.

A

Productivity and Safety

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27
Q

What are the two types of devices used for lighting control?

A

Input and Output

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28
Q

What is the most common form of AUTOMATIC lighting control?

A

Occupancy Sensors

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29
Q

What does “PIR” sensor stand for?

A

Passive Infrared Sensor

30
Q

Lighting Contactors are mechanically operated by ____.

A

Solenoids

31
Q

A ____ is a switch that automatically changes state at preset times.

A

Time Clock

32
Q

What does ‘HVAC’ stand for?

A

Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning

33
Q

HVAC systems heat and cool relying on the 2 basic principals of ____ and ____.

A
  1. ) Thermodynamics

2. ) Heat Transfer

34
Q

HVAC systems are classified into two groups by the way they distribute heat energy through a building. What are they?

A
  1. ) Forced-Air Systems

2. ) Hydronic Systems

35
Q

How many types of air do AHU’s manage?

A

5 types;

  1. ) Return
  2. ) Outside
  3. ) Mixed
  4. ) Exhaust
  5. ) Supply
36
Q

What does ‘VAV’ stand for?

A

Variable-Air-Volume (terminal box)

37
Q

A ____ HVAC system distributes water or steam throughout a building as the means for heating or cooling spaces.

A

Hydronic

38
Q

What are the five considerations of comfort?

A
  1. ) Temperature
  2. ) Humidity
  3. ) Filtration
  4. ) Circulation
  5. ) Ventilation
39
Q

What property of air is the most important for comfort?

A

Temperature.

40
Q

Ideal air movement is about ___cfm per person occupying the space.

A

40cfm (cubic feet per minute)

41
Q

What does ACH stand for?

A

Air Changes per Hour

42
Q

What 3 things influence building pressure?

A
  1. ) Wind Direction
  2. ) Wind Gusts
  3. ) Turbulence
43
Q

____ is the capacity for diverse systems and devices within a building to work together effectively and reliably.

A

Interoperability

44
Q

A ____ is a set of rules and procedures for the exchange of information between two connected devices.

A

Protocol

45
Q

What are the 3 main benefits of Building Automation Systems?

A
  1. ) Energy Efficiency (most important)
  2. ) Improved Control
  3. ) Convenience (for maintenance and security staff)
46
Q

What are the 4 main groups of pneumatic control components?

A
  1. ) Air Compressor Stations
  2. ) Transmitter
  3. ) Auxillary Devices
  4. ) Actuators
47
Q

What are some building owners’ concerns when deciding between Automation Systems?

A
  • Initial costs
  • Payback periods
  • Maintenance
  • Impact on occupants
  • Flexibility
  • Upgradeability
  • Environmental factors
48
Q

What does “HMI” stand for?

A

Human-Machine Interface

49
Q

In ____ generation, power is sent through the grid via one main generation plant or station.

A

Centralized

50
Q

In ____ generation, many smaller generating systems create power near the point of consumption.

A

Distributed

51
Q

A ____is an electric device that uses electromagnetism to change AC voltages or electrically isolate two circuits

A

Transformer

52
Q

Strange/erratic harmonic currents indicate that a power source has poor what?

A

Power Quality

53
Q

____ is when the meter subtracts exported electricity from imported to find total amount of power consumption by the customer.

A

Net Metering

54
Q

What are the 5 types of UPS’ covered in the book?

A
  1. ) Stand-by
  2. ) Line Interactive
  3. ) Rotary
  4. ) Double Conversion On-line
  5. ) Delta Conversion On-line
55
Q

What is the difference between open-loop and closed-loop? (Light sensing applications)

A

Closed-loop has feedback, where the light sensor picks up changes in the light level that it helped facilitate, as well as changes in natural light. Open-loop only senses changes in the natural light or ambient light.

56
Q

What does “PID” stand for? (Control devices)

A
  • Proportional (Direct response to offset) (Present)
  • Integral (Sum of offset over time) (Past)
  • Derivative (Estimating change of variable) (Future)
57
Q

What type of lighting control scheme controls all lights and devices from one, main control panel?

A

Centralized Lighting Control

58
Q

What type of lighting control scheme allows lights to be controlled by local devices?

A

Distributed Lighting Control

59
Q

____ is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye.

A

Light

60
Q

Only about __ to __% of light produced by a lamp is visible.

A

10 - 35% (65-90% is NOT visible)

61
Q

What are the three types of occupancy sensors?

A
  1. ) PIR
  2. ) Ultrasonic
  3. ) Microwave
62
Q

What are the two types of light level sensors?

A
  1. ) Photoresistor

2. ) Photodiode

63
Q

A ____-____ is the end point in an HVAC system where the conditioned “medium” (usually air) is added to the environment of the building space.

A

Terminal Unit

64
Q

A ____ HVAC system includes components such as:

  • Ductwork
  • Dampers
  • Fans
A

Forced Air

65
Q

A ____ HVAC system includes components such as:

  • Pipes
  • Valves
  • Pumps
A

Hydronic

66
Q

____ are the most common type of humidifiers, simply injecting moisture into the supply air.

A

Steam Jets

67
Q

The ____ system is required to shut down the HVAC system upon detection of smoke/flames.

A

Fire Alarm

68
Q

Mixed Air is made from what two other types of air?

A

Return and Outside

69
Q

What are the two purposes of outside and return air dampers?

A
  1. ) To satisfy ventilation requirements (Maintain Air Quality)
  2. ) To economize outside air by utilizing it when it is close to the temperature set point.
70
Q

Stairwells commonly required to have ____ pressure during fire situations, so smoke will not enter it when occupants open the stairwell doors to escape.

A

Positive.

71
Q

In isolation rooms, the ATU provides constant SUPPLY air, The pressurization of the room can be manipulated by changing the amount of ____ air.

A

Exhaust.

72
Q

How many state-wrestling championships has Jake Marlin won?

A

4x

5th year, week 1 (building automation 1&2, orientation 3) (3 decks)

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