Bugs & Drugs: Cephalosporins Flashcards
What is the MOA of Cephalosporins
Bactericidal: inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis via competitive inhibition of the transpeptidase enzyme
CeFAzolin, CePHalexin, CeFAdroxil are all
1st generation Cephalosporins
Brand name for Cefazolin
Ancef
Brand name for CePHalexin
Keflex
Brand name for Cefadroxil
Duricef
What are the two 1st generation cephalosporins given by mouth
CePHalexin- Keflex
CeFAdroxil-Duricef
The only first generation cephalosporins given by IV
Cefazolin- Ancef
Do 1st generations have gram positive coverage
Yes. streptococcus & Staph (MSSA)
Do first generations have gram negative coverage
Yes. PEcK
What is the drug of choice for MSSA
first generation cephalosporins: chephalexin: Keflex(PO) Cefazolin: Ancef(IV)
What are the second generation Cephalosporins
CEFoxitin
CEFotetan
CEFaclor
CEFprozil
CEFuroxime
Which three 2nd generation are given IV
Cefoxitin
Cefotetan
CEFuroxime
Which two 2nd generation cephalosporins are given by mouth
Cefaclor
Cefprozil
Which are the only two cephalosporins that cover anaerobes
Cefoxitin and Cefotetan
Do 2nd generation cephalosporins have gram positive coverage
Yes. But not as much as gram positive
Do 2nd generation cephalosporins have Gram negative activity
Yes. HEN-PEck
What are the 3rd Generation Cephalosporin
CefriaxONE
CefotaxIME
CeftazidIME
CefdiNIR
CefixIME
CefpodoxIME
CeftibuTEN
Brand name for Cefdinir
Omncicef
All 3rd generation cephalosporins can be given by mouth, except
CefriaxONE(IV)
CefotaxIME (IM)
CeftazidIME (IV)
Are 3rd generation cephalosporins good on staph
Not so much but can cover it. Not good as 1st and 2nd
What is the ONLY 3rd gen. cephalosporins that covers Pseudomonas aeruginosa
CeftazidIME
Do 3rd gen have better Strept coverage than gen 1 & 2
Yes. Better coverage
What spectrum of gram negative coverage do 3rd generation cephalosporins have
Broad coverage
What is the only 4th generation cephalosporins
Cefepime
Is Cefepime given IV or PO
IV
Does Cefepime cover Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Yes
Does Cefepime cover MSSA or MRSA
MSSA
Cefepime has both gram + and gram - coverage
Yes. Broad spectrum
What is the only 5th gen. Cephalosporin
Ceftaroline
Ceftaroline is given
IV
Ceftaroline can cover MRSA and pseudomonas
No just MRSA
Ceftaroline is the only cephalosporin with MRSA coverage
Yes
Ceftaroline has both gram + and gram - coverage
Yes
What are the cephalosporin/BLI combos
CeftazidIME/avibactam
Ceftolozane/tazobactam
Brand name for CeftazidIME/avibactam
Avycaz
Brand name for ceftolozane/tazobactam
Zerbaxa
What do Cepha/BLI combos cover
MSSA
Strept
Broad gram -
Pseudomonas
Some carbapenem resistant bacteria
When should cepha/BLI combo be used
Reserved for multi-dose resistant gram negative infections
