Bugs and Their Drugs Flashcards
Treatment for Staph. aureus infection?
Nafcillin, if MRSA = vancomycin
Treatment for Staph. epidermidis infection?
Vancomycin
Treatment for Staph. saprophyticus infection?
beta-lactam
Treatment for Strep. pyogenes?
Penicillin
Treatment for Strep. agalactiae?
Prophylactic peniciliin
Treatment for Strep. pneumococcus?
Fluoroquinolones or penicillin (macrolides and ceftriaxone)
Treatment for Enterococcus faecalis?
Unasyn + aminoglycoside (genta or strepto)
Treatment for Enterococcus faecium?
linezolid or nitrofurantoin
Treatment for disseminated Bacillus cereus?
vancomycin, clindamycin, gentamycin, or ciprofloxacin
Treatment for Listeria monocytogenes?
ampicillin + gentamycin or Bactrim
Treatment for Cornybacterium diphtheria?
Penicillin (1st line) or erythromycin, and horse antitoxin
Treatment for nocardia asteroides?
sulfonamides or amikacin + beta-lactam
Treatment for Borrelia burgdorferi?
Doxycycline (DOC) or amoxicillin, cefuroxime,erythromycin. take 2-4 times a day for 2-4 weeks
Treatment for Borrelia recurrentis?
low doses of beta-lactams (jarisch-herxheimer syndrome)
Treatment for Leptospira interrogans?
Doxycycline (DOC), penicillin, or fluoroquinolones
Treatment for Rickettsia rickettsii?
Tetracycline (DOC), chloramphenicol, or fluoroquinolones
Treatment for Rickettsia prowazekii?
tetracycline and Chloramphenicol for 3-4 days
Treatment for Coxiella burnetti?
Tetracycline (DOC), or Bactrim
Treatment for Bartonella henselae?
only treat if bacillary angiomatosis or peliosis –> erythromycin or doxycycline
Treatment for Pasturella multocida?
beta-lactams
Treatment for Bacillus anthracis?
Ciprofloxacin or doxycycline mainly for cutaneous infections
Treatment for Yersinia pestis?
Streptomycin or tetracycline
Treatment for Francisella tularensis?
streptomycin or gentamycin
Treatment for Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinomide, ethambutol) streptomycin all 1st line drugs, 2nd line = linezolid, amikacin, fluoroquinolones, cylcoserine
Treatment for Mycobacteria leprae?
rifampin + dapsone + clofazimine
Treatment for Neisseria gonorrhoeae?
Ceftriaxone and azithromycin
Treatment for Neisseria meningitidis?
Ceftriaxone and penicillin
Treatment for Haemophilus influenza?
Ceftriaxone or azithromycin
Treatment for Bordatella pertussis?
erythromycin
Treatment for Vibrio cholera and parahemolyticus?
electrolytes and fluid and sometimes tetracycline
Treatment for Vibrio vulnificus?
tetracycline/doxycycline or fluoroquinolones
Treatment for Campylobacter jejuni?
erythromycin or ciprofloxacin
Treatment for Helicobacter pylori?
2 abx and 1 PPI (amoxicillin, tetracylcine, metronidazole)
Treatment for Legionella pneumophilia?
Macrolides or fluoroquinolones
Treatment for Escherichia coli?
when necessary use fluoroquinolones, azithromycin or rifaximin
Treatment for Shigella?
Ciprofloxacin or ceftriaxone
Treatment for Salmonella?
Ciprofloxacin or ceftriaxone
Treatment for Yersinia enterocolitica?
Ciprofloxacine or ceftriaxone or Bactrim
Treatment for Klebsiella pneumonia?
polymyxin
Treatment for Actinomyces?
debride the wound and beta-lactams
Treatment for Propionibacterium acnes?
benzoyl peroxide, retinoic acid, and clindamycin or erythromycin for cystic acne
Treatment for Clostridium tetani?
passive immunization w/ toxoid immunoglobulin and vaccine, also debridement and penicillin
Treatment for Clostridium botulinum?
passive immunization w/ anti-toxin
Treatment for Clostridium perfringens?
debridement and exposure to oxygen for gas gangrene
Treatment for Clostridium difficile?
discontinue original antibiotics, fluids and electrolytes, and metronidazole or vancomycin
Treatment for Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
Timentin + aminoglycoside, moxifloxacin, or colistin (might treat w/ multiple drugs)
Treatment for Burkholderia pseudomallei?
Timentin + aminoglyoside
Treatment for Treponema pallidum?
Penicillin or tetracyclines if allergic to penicillin
Treatment for Chlamydia?
azithromycin and doxycyline (doxycycline not to be used in pregnant women)
Treatment for Mycoplasma?
Azithromycin (1g or Z-pak)