bug parade part 1 Flashcards
1
Q
organisums that affect the skin
A
Mycobacterium tuerculosis streptococcus penemoniae Bacillus anthracis ebola yersina borelia and treponema (spirochetes) staphylococcus
2
Q
orgnanisums that affect the tespiratory /pulmonary
A
mycobacterium tuberculosis streptococcus penemoniae bacillus anthracis yersina ebola
3
Q
orgnisums that affect the GI tract?
A
clostrium difficile helicobacter pylori bacillus anthracis yersina ebola
4
Q
organisums that affect the Urogenital system?
A
Nesseria chlamydia Borlia and Treponema (spirochets) ebola
5
Q
organisums that affect the central nervouse system?
A
Borelia and Treponaema (spirochetes) ebola neisseria
6
Q
what are the 5 sub types of Ebola?
A
Zaire Sudan Cote d’lvoire Bundibugyo reston ebolavirus
7
Q
which sub type of ebola is non pathogenic to humans?
A
reston ebolavirus
8
Q
symptoms of ebola days 5-9?
A
Fatigue, headache fever chills
9
Q
symptoms of ebola day 10?
A
High fever, vomiting blood rash passive behavior
10
Q
symptoms of ebola day 11?
A
in a small fraction of cases, bleeding from noses , mouthm eyes and anus
11
Q
symptoms of ebola day 12?
A
Patients may develop seizures, internal bleeding, loss of consciousness, death
12
Q
what is MHF?
A
Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever.
13
Q
where did Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever orriginate?
A
1967 Marburg and Frankfurt germany at vaccine production facilities -25 peole working with african Green monkeys, -spread to 6 family members - seven deaths (28%) mortality
14
Q
what is EHF?
A
Ebola hemorrhagic Eever.
15
Q
where did Ebola Hemorrhagic fever orriginate?
A
-1976 dule outbreaks , democratic republic of congo and Sudan -55- cases 88% and 53% mortality in DRC and Sudan respectively. -first documanted cases but African tribes have knowlege of previous outbreaks throught history.
16
Q
______ faced a fresh outbreak of Hemorrhagic fever 2012?
A
Uganda outbreak came after earlier that moth uganda had been declared free of Ebola
17
Q
what was the largest outbreak in history of Ebola?
A
west africa 2014-2016 28,652 Laboratory -confirmed cases -15,261 totoal death -11,325
18
Q
West african Ebola virus outbreak as of sept. 5 2014.
A
Senegal- 1 case -0 deaths Guinea -812 cases- 517 deaths Sierra Leone- 1,261 Cases -491 deaths -Liberia- 1,871 cases- 1,089 deaths -Nigeria -22 cases- 8 deaths. -Democratic Republic of the Congo - 53 cases, 31 deaths.
19
Q
what is Ebola
A
-the most lethal virus known to man. -transforms virtually every part of the body into a digested slime of virus particles. -kills 50 to 90% of the inected persons compared to Anthrax’s 25%
20
Q
Term meaning to cross ofver the species barrier
A
zoonotic
21
Q
ebola trasmission
A
- reservoir is not known but Bats have been strongly associated with Ebola but antibodies are rarely found in thier blood. - some areas have been used to keep wild anim als in as a staging post before shipping overseas to zoo, wildlife parks and private collectors. -hoever some animals can be infected by numerouse viruses and can mix recombine to form new strains. -could be a melting pot allowing this mixing of viruses -hot zones
22
Q
ebola history
A
1976 west becomes aware of this killer -tropical medican in Antwerp, Belgium Peter piot -27 year old scientist and medical school graduate training as a clinical microbiologist. -from a Belgian doctor based in Zaire now the Democratic Republic of Cogno -blood fof a nun from Belgium who fell ill with a mysterious illness which he couldnt identify -when placed under a electron microscope -they saw a gigantic worm sturcture, gigantit by viral standards -virus looked like that of the Marburg virus.
23
Q
when was the Marburg virus forst recognized in _______ when 31 people become ill with ___________ in the cities of ______ and ____ Germany and in _________ the capital of Yugoslavia?
A
1967 hemorrhagic fever Marburg Frankfurt Belgrade
24
Q
This Marburg out break was associated with _______ who where working with ______ imported from _____- seven people died?
A
laboratory staff infected monkeys Uganda
25
The Ebola virus works as a ______ shark or a _____ in that it will not stop until every cell in the body is destroyed
molecular terminator
26
Ebola's family history revealed? ancestors of killer viruses are 23 _____ years ols and could lead to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
million new vaccines
27
\_\_\_\_\_ likely existed in the _______ and at that time the evolutionary lines leading to _____ and ____ had already diverged , the study concludes?
Filoviruses Miocene Epoch Ebola Marburg
28
Scientist belive that the Filovirus came into being some ______ years ago coinciding with the rise of \_\_\_\_\_\_? But the New Study pushes back the family's age to the time when \_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
10,000 agriculture great apes arose
29
Ebola!!!! symptoms
fever severe headache Muscle pain Weakness Diarrhea Vomiting Abdominal pain Unexplained hemorrhage -bleeding or brusing
30
symptoms of ebola may apper anywhere from _____ to _____ days ______ exposure to Ebola. the average is _____ days.
2 21 after 10
31
Recovery from Ebola depends on _____ ? People who recover from Ebola infection develop ______ that last for at least ______ ?
good supportive clinical care patients immune response. 10 years
32
symptoms of Ebola are common to _______ including the \_\_\_\_? common with around 13 other illnesses.
infections flu
33
Progression of Disease Ebola Small _______ \_\_\_ begin to appear in the ______ and the blood ______ and \_\_\_\_\_, and ______ begin to stick to the walls of _____ \_\_\_\_\_.
blood clots bloodstream thickens slows clots blood vessels
34
Ebola Shuts off _____ \_\_\_\_ to various parts of the body causing ____ \_\_\_\_ to appear in the ____ , ____ , \_\_\_\_,\_\_\_\_,\_\_\_\_\_,\_\_\_\_.\_\_\_\_, and throughout the skin?
blood supply dead spots brain liver kidneys lungs intestins testicls breast tissue
35
other side effects of Ebola include the _____ turning brilliant red and _____ \_\_\_\_ it is siad to be extreamly painful. this may occure during one of the rushes of _______ \_\_\_\_\_ ?
tongue sloughs off black vomit
36
Ebola side effects skin sloughs off of the \_\_\_\_\_,\_\_\_\_,\_\_\_\_\_ then slides down the windpipe into the lungs where it is coughed up with \_\_\_\_\_?
tounge back of the throt lining of the wind pipe sputum
37
Ebloa side effects the ____ becomes clogges with _____ \_\_\_\_\_ ____ a condition knows as \_\_\_- of the brain?
brain dead blood cells sludging
38
Ebola side effects. Ebola attacks the _____ of the \_\_\_\_causing the to fill up with blood. this may result in \_\_\_\_? patients with Ebloa weep ____ that refuses to \_\_\_\_\_?
lining eyeballs blindness blood coagulate
39
Ebola side effects. in some patients a _____ \_\_\_\_\_ may occure where one whole side of the body is \_\_\_\_\_? this is invariably fatal in t=a case of Ebola
hemispherical stroke paralyzed
40
Ebola side effects. with Ebola while the body's internal organs become plugged with ________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. the blood that streams out of the body cannot \_\_\_\_?
coagulated blood clot
41
Ebola side effects. ebloa kills a great deal of _____ while the host is still alive.
tissue
42
Ebola side effects. Ebola turns the _____ yellow and begins to liquefy cracks run across it as it _____ and becomes \_\_\_\_\_.
liver dies putrid
43
Ebola side effects. Plugged with dead cells and blood clots the ______ cease functioning causing them to fail. this causes the blood stream to become ____ with \_\_\_
Kidneys toxic urine
44
Ebola side effects. The ______ turns into a single huge, hard blood clot the size of a baseball.
Spleen
45
as the _____ fill with blood the lining of the ____ dies and sloughs off into the ____ and is defecated alone with large amounts of \_\_\_\_.
intestines gut bowels blood
46
Ebola side effects. in Men the _____ bloat and turn black and blue the ____ turns ____ and the ______ may bleed.
testicals semen hot nipples
47
Ebola side effects. In Women the _____ turns \_\_\_\_, _______ and _______ and there may be massive ______ bleeding.
labia blue livid protrusive vaginal
48
Ebola side effects. Pregnate woman- the child is _____ spontaneously and is usally ____ with the Viruse. the child is Born with red ____ and a bloody \_\_\_\_\_.
aborted infected eyes bose
49
Victums often go into _____ \_\_\_\_ during the final stages of Ebola , this is witnessed as the whole body ____ and _____ and the arms and legs thrash around, the bloody eyes roll into the head. during this the patient may _______ blood around \_\_\_\_- the virus.
epiletic convulsions twitch shakes splatter spreading
50
Spreading of Ebola splashing fo blood is one of Ebola's strategies for success spreading the blood causing it to go ______ thus giving the virus a ____ to jump to a new host.
arersols chance
51
Cellular level progression of disease. Ebola and Marburg multiplies so rapidly and powerfully that the body's infected cells become ________ \_\_\_\_ blocks of packed virus particls. these blocks are broods of virus getting ready to _____ from the cell known as \_\_\_\_
crystal- like hatch bricks
52
Ebola cellular level of progression. - the bricks first appear near the _____ of the cell and then ____ towards the \_\_\_\_\_\_.
bricks center surface
53
Ebola cellular level of progression. -As the crystals reaches a cell wall it _____ into hundreds of _____ \_\_\_\_ _____ and the ______ push through the cell wall like hair and float away in the _______ \_\_\_\_\_ of the host
disintegrates individual virus particles broodlings blood stream
54
Ebola cellular level of progression. - The Hatched Ebola particles _____ to cells everywhere in the body, and get ____ them and continue to _____ . It keeps on multiplying until areas of _______ all through the body are filled with ______ witch \_\_\_- and more Ebola particles drift into the \_\_\_\_\_\_.
cling inside multiply tissue crystalloids hatch bloodstream
55
Ebola cellular level of progression. -The amplification continues ______ until a ____ of the hosts blood can contain _____ million individual particles.
inexorably droplet 100
56
Ebola cellular level of progression. -After death the corpse's _____ \_\_\_\_\_ , ____ and ____ already peppered with dead spots, heated by _____ and damaged by _____ begin to \_\_\_- and fluids that leak from the ____ are saturated with Ebola virus Particles. Every particle is ready and able to begin this cylce in a new host over and over again.
connective tissue skin organs fever shock liquefy cadaver
57
Ebola:molecualr level Transmitted via direct contact with ____ and \_\_\_\_\_
skin blood
58
Ebola:molecualr level Electron micrographs show ____ \_\_\_\_ charcteristic of the ____ \_\_\_ family.
long filaments Filoviridae viral
59
Ebola:molecualr level The ____ \_\_\_\_ work as a relentless machine, they ______ the body as the virus makes ____ of itself.
seven proteins consume copies
60
Ebola:molecualr level Unlike other viruses resembles a ____ instead of the more normally shaped \_\_\_\_\_.
thread peppercorn
61
Ebola:molecualr level scientists have dubbed Ebola the _____ \_\_\_\_ due to its's shape.
shepeherds Rod
62
Ebola:molecualr level The causative agent of a severe form of ___ \_\_\_\_ ____ in human with a ____ \_\_\_ fatality rate. The Ebola virion is ____ in diameter and up to _____ long. it contains both ______ \_\_\_ ___ and structures taken from the host cell.
viral hemorrhagic fever 50-90% 80 nm 1400 nm virus-encoded proteins
63
Ebola:molecualr level ____ is a transmembrane fuston protein. It forms ___ on the virion surface and mediates virus attachment and entery to the host cell.
GP trimers
64
Ebola:molecualr level The viral membrane may contain ____ \_\_\_\_ such as components of the histocompatibility complex or other surface receptors which in some cases ______ increase the _____ of the enveloped viruses.
human proteins can infectivity
65
Ebola:molecualr level ____ and ____ are Ebola major and minor matrix \_\_\_\_. They form a layer beneath the ____ and are crucial for virus \_\_\_\_\_\_.
VP40 VP24 proteins
66
Ebola:molecualr level Tubular virons in the center of the particle is the ______ \_\_\_\_\_ which consists of the ________ \_\_\_\_\_ genome wrapped about the ____ , ____ ,\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_proteins.
viral nucleocapsid helical ssRNA NP VP35 VP30 L
67
Ebola :Mode of Action 1. _____ and _____ tissues attached. 2. _______ cells attacked.
blood vessels connection tissue immune cells
68
Ebola :Mode of Action Ebola replication overwhelms ____ of Infected cells and ____ \_\_\_\_ defenses with the production of _____ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
protein synthesis host immune 2 glycoprotiens
69
Ebola :Mode of Action ______ which binds the virus to the ____ \_\_\_\_\_ lining theinterior surface of ____ \_\_\_. This reduces specific ____ responsible for cell _____ to the inter-cellular structure and the ____ \_\_\_ between cells begin to fall apart.
GP1 endothelial cells blood vessels integrins adhesion tight Juctions
70
Ebola :Mode of Action As the blood vessel walls become damaged and ____ are unable to _______ , patients succumb to _____ shock.
platelets coagulate hypovolemic
71
Ebola :Mode of Action A _______ form of the _____ interferes with \_\_\_\_- signaling which allows the virus to evade the immune system by inhibiting early steps of ____ \_\_\_\_\_.
secretory GP2 neutrophils netrophil activation.
72
Ebola :Mode of Action Viral particals and cell damage resulting from _____ causes the ____ of ____ which are associated with _____ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
budding release cytokines fever inflammation
73
Ebola :Mode of Action after death the infected body is also _____ away from the inside. compared to black and red ________ \_\_\_\_
corroding tapioca pudding
74
Ebola: Immune Response Ebola triggers a ____ \_\_\_\_ inflammation and ____ and can also damage many types of _____ in the body.
system wide fever tissues
75
Ebola: Immune Response Filo viruses infect \_\_\_\_\_, _____ and ____ \_\_\_ causing the release of large amounts of ________ inflammatory \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
moncytes macrophages dendritic cells destructive cytokines
76
Ebola: Immune Response Consequences are especially profound in the \_\_\_\_\_\_, where Ebola wipes out cells required to produce _____ \_\_\_\_ and other important components of plasma.
liver coagulation proteins
77
Ebola: Immune Response Damaged cells in the gastrointestinal tract leas to ____ that often puts patients at risk of \_\_\_\_\_.
diarrhea dehydration
78
Ebola: Immune Response And in the _____ \_\_\_\_ the Evola virus cripples the cells that make ___ to regulate blood pressure and causes ____ \_\_\_ that can starve organs of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
adrenal gland steroids circulatory failure oxygen
79
Ebola: Immune Response ____ and _____ \_\_\_ normally play vital roles in stimulating the ______ immune sytem also called _____ as well as activating ____ and _____ cells.
Monocytes dendritic cells adaptive Antibodies CD4 Helper T
80
Ebola: Immune Response ____ cells are killers of _____ \_\_\_\_ infected with a pathogen and also initate ____ and _____ lymphocytes..also refered to as\_\_\_\_ ____ to novel antigens. this causes the immune system to go haywire!!!!
Dentritic host cells T B Antibody production
81
Ebola: Immune Response ________ are not being made because ______ interferes with nearly every step in the process.
Interferons VP35
82
Ebola: Immune Response ________ \_\_\_\_ cells are trapped inside the circulatory system because \_\_\_\_- limits thier movement.
White blood sGP
83
Ebola:molecualr level L protien- stand for _____ Ebola protein- the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. it is responsible for the _____ of ____ sense viruse \_\_\_\_.
large polymerase synthesis positive RNA
84
Ebola:molecualr level Ebola \_RNA\_ is packed with ____ protein. together they make a _______ -a spiral structure in the very ____ of the virion.
NP nucleocapsid center
85
Ebola:molecualr level ______ and ______ are minor Ebola proteins. They act as _______ \_\_\_\_\_\_ and _______ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ factors.
VP35 VP30 interferon antagonists transcription activation
86
Ebola:molecualr level the budding viral particle is wrapped in the ____ \_\_\_\_ taken from the human cell
lipid membrane
87
Ebola:molecualr level Tubular virons- in the center of the particle is the viral ______ which consists of the ______ \_\_\_\_\_\_ genome wrapped about the \_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_, ____ and ___ proteins.
nucleocapsid helical ssRNA NP VP35 VP30 L
88
Cures and Treatments: no cure yet. Due to the extream \_\_\_\_- doctors reseachers must wear level ____ contamination suits the equivelant of _____ .
biohazerd 4 spacesuit
89
Cure and Treatments: it cost a lot of money to keep someone with Ebola alive. you need specialised ____ and proper ____ such as labs ect. most cases are hopeless
scientist equipment
90
Ebola Cures and Treatments: african tribes had a strategy. ____ and _______ village elders enacted self \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. they would put the diseaded in a straw hut and then _____ it down when they're \_\_\_\_. next they waited out the disease until new infections cease. simple and effective
time quarantine quarntine burn
91
why do some people survive ebola: patients fare better with supportive care, including _____ or ______ rehydration that can buy time for the body to fight off the infection.
oral intravenous
92
why do some people survive ebola: studies from patients during the 2000 outbreak of a diffrent ebola strain in ____ have also identified genes and other markers that seem to be predictive of survival.
Uganda
93
why do some people survive ebola: Uganda outbreak patients who recovered had a higher level of _____ \_\_\_ ____ in thier blood and had certain variants of a gene that codes for ____ \_\_\_ that white blood cells use to \_\_\_\_\_\_.
activated T Cells surface protiens communicate
94
why do some people survive ebola: uganda outbreak. A new association between survival and levels of ______ a protein produced by \_\_\_\_- that could be part of the bodys's attempt to repair damaged blood vessels.
sCD40L platelets
95
why do some people survive ebola: Markers like _____ suggest new theries that augment the _______ mechanisms most important for survival
sCD40L repair
96
Ebola future: ____ show a signifigant immune response which leads scientist to belive that ___ might be the carrier
Bats Bats
97
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ARE KOWN TO CAUSE THE COMMON COLD.
Adeno viruses
98
When the vaccine enters a cell and deliver theier genetic cargo the ___ inserted genes produce a protein that generates an immune response in the body but the _____ carrying gene is not replicated.
two adenovirus
99
vaccines ebola Phase 1 clinical trial in late 2015 or early 2016 vaccine _____ also seeks to provide protection against ____ \_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_
crucell Murburg haemorrhagic fever
100
ebola vaccine : VSV-EBOV vaccine combined a fragment of the ebola virus with another safer virus in order to train the immune system to beat Ebola. usees a Ebola ____ spliced into ____ \_\_\_\_ \_\_\_
protein vesicular stomatitis virus
101
ebola summary ebola resembles a ____ unlike other viruses that have spherical protien coats. Outbreaks in central africa between 1976 and 1996 killed over 1000 people not many but he fear is overwealming. the main symptoms are ____ and _____ your body liquefies from the inside and ___ seeps from every orfice - after 2014 pressure to make ____ years worth of reasearch accomplised in a few months Clinical trials underway ______ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ from survivors attempted and been successful ( unlike Africa in the 1990's blood could be screened and products seperated
thread hemorrhige fever blood
