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PHRM 865 > Bug Morphology > Flashcards

Bug Morphology Flashcards

Bacteria morphology, normal flora, and testing methods

1
Q

Gram-positive falls under which 2 classifications?

A

Cocci and Bacilli

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2
Q

Which Gram-positive group is more common? (Cocci or Bacilli)

A

Cocci

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3
Q

Gram (+) Anaerobes

A

-Peptococcus
-Peptostreptococcus

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4
Q

Two Categories of Gram (+) Aerobic bacteria?

A

Clusters and Pairs/Chains

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5
Q

How do we test for Clusters or Pairs/chains in Gram(+) Aerobes?

A

Catalase

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6
Q

Gram (+) Aerobes classification that are Catalase (+)

A

Clusters

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7
Q

Gram(+) Aerobes classification that are Catalase(-)

A

Pairs/Chains

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8
Q

What enzyme is used to further differentiate Gram(+) Aerobic Catalase(+) bacteria?

A

Coagulase

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9
Q

Gram(+) Aerobic Clusters [Catalase (+)] Coagulase(+) bacteria?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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10
Q

Gram(+) Aerobic Clusters [Catalase (+)] Coagulase(-) bacteria?

A

CoNS (Staphylococcus epidermidis)

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11
Q

How do we further classify bacteria after finding that they are Gram(+) Aerobic Pairs/Chains [Catalase(-)]?

A

Hemolysis (alpha, beta, and gamma)

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12
Q

Alpha-hemolysis bacteria

A

-Streptococcus pneumoniae
-Viridans streptococci

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13
Q

Beta-hemolysis

A

-Streptococcus pyrogenes (Group A)
-Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B)

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14
Q

Gamma-hemolysis (nonhemolytic)

A

-Enterococcus faecium
-Enterococcus faecalis

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15
Q

Gram(+) Bacilli are classified as which two categories?

A

Anaerobic and Aerobic

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16
Q

Gram(+) Bacilli Anaerobes

A

-Clostridium spp.
-Clostridioides difficile
-Cutibacterium
-Actinomyces

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17
Q

How do we further differentiate Gram(+) Bacilli Anaerobes?

A

Spore forming or Non-spore forming

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18
Q

Gram (+) Bacilli Anaerobic Spore forming bacteria

A

-Clostridium spp.
-Clostridioides difficile

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19
Q

Gram(+) Bacilli Anaerobic Non-spore forming bacteria

A

-Cutibacterium
-Actinomyces

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20
Q

Gram(+) Bacilli Aerobes

A

-Bacillus spp.
-Corynebacterium
-Lactobacillus spp.
-Listeria monocytogenes

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21
Q

How do we further differentiate Gram(+) Bacilli Aerobes?

A

Spore forming and Non-spore forming

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22
Q

Gram(+) Bacilli Aerobic spore forming

A

Bacillus spp.

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23
Q

Gram(+) Bacilli Aerobic Non-spore forming

A

-Corynebacterium
-Lactobacillus spp.
-Listeria monocytogenes

24
Q

Most medically important pathogens are_____ rather than______?

A

cocci, bacilli

25
Q

Gram(+) _________ should be interpreted within clinical context

26
Q

_________ form clusters

A

Staphylococcus

27
Q

___________&_____________ appear in pairs or chains

A

Streptococci, Enterococci

28
Q

Catalase test: __________from__________

A

Staphylococci, streptococci

29
Q

Coagulase test: ________ _______ from coagulase-negative___________

A

Staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus (CoNS)

30
Q

Oral flora: ______-hemolytic

31
Q

Oral flora: __________ and _______

A

S. pneumoniae, viridans streptococci

32
Q

Skin, pharynx, genitourinary: _________-hemolytic

33
Q

Skin, pharynx, genitourinary: __________&____________ _______

A

Group A, Group B Streptococci

34
Q

Gastrointestinal: ________-hemolytic

35
Q

Gastrointestinal: __________ & _________

A

Enterococcus faecalis, faecium

36
Q

Gram (-) can be broken up into what 3 classifications?

A

-Cocci
-Coccobacilli
-Bacilli

37
Q

Gram (-) Aerobic Cocci:

A

-Neisseria spp.
-Moraxella catarrhalis

38
Q

Gram (-) Aerobic Coccobacilli:

A

Haemophilus spp.

39
Q

Gram (-) Anaerobic Cocci:

A

Veillonella spp.

40
Q

Gram (-) Anerobic Bacilli

A

-Bacteroides spp.
-Fusobacterium spp.
-Preveotella spp.

41
Q

Gram (-) Aerobic Bacilli classes:

A

-Fastidious
-Oxidase(+) and lactose fermenters
-Non-lactose fermenters
-Enterobacterales

42
Q

Gram(-) Aerobic Bacilli Enterobacterales subgroups

A

-Lactose-fermenters [oxidase(-)]
-Non-lactose fermenters

43
Q

Gram(-) Aerobic Bacilli Eneterobacterales Lactose-fermenters [oxidase (-)] bacteria

A

-Citrobacter spp.
-Enterobacter spp.
-E. coli
-Klebsiella
(CEEK)

44
Q

Gram(-) Aerobic Bacilli Enterobacterales Non-lactose fermenters bacteria

A

-Morganella morganii
-Proteus spp.
-Providencia spp.
-Salmonella spp.
-Serratia marcescens
-Shigella spp.

45
Q

Gram(-) Aerobic Bacilli Lactose-Fermenters [oxidase(+)] bacteria

A

-Aeromonas hydrophila
-Pasteurella multocida
-Vibrio cholerae

46
Q

Gram(-) Aerobic Bacilli Non-Lactose-Fermenters bacteria

A

-Pseudomonas spp.
-Acinetobacter spp.
-Alcaliginese spp.
-Burkholderia cepacia
-Stenotrophomas maltophilia

47
Q

Gram(-) Aerobic Bacilli Fastidious bacteria

A

-Campylobacter
-Helicobacter
-Bartonella
-HACEK organisms

48
Q

Atypical bacteria

A

-Chlamydia pneumoniae
-Chlamydia trachomatis
-Legionella pneumophilia
-Mucoplasma pneumoniae

49
Q

Spirochetes bacteria (cork screw Rotini looking asses)

A

-Treponema pallidum
-Borrelia burgdoferi

50
Q

Gram-negative morphology

A

Bacilli predominate pathogen

51
Q

_______ test helps distinguish between enteric vs non-enteric lactose fermenters

52
Q

__________ __________helps identify enterobacterales (enteric Gram(-) rods or lactose-fermenting Gram(-) rods) from non-fermenting Gram(-) rods (e.g. Pseudomonas)

A

Lactose Fermentation

53
Q

Fastidious organs are ______ growers with require special supplemental media

54
Q

Normal Skin Flora

A

-Diptheroids (Corynebacterium spp.)
-Staphylocci (especially S. epidermidis)
-Streptococci
-Cutibacterium acnes
-Propionibacterium spp.

55
Q

Oropharynx (Upper) Flora

A

-Haemorphilus spp.
-Streptococci (viridans group)
-Diptheroids
-Neisseria spp.
-Oral anaerobes

56
Q

GI Tract Flora

A

-Bacteroides spp.
-Enterobacterales
-Enterococci
-Fusobacterium spp.
-Peptostreptococcus spp.
-Clostridium spp.
-Lactobacillus

57
Q

Genital Tract Flora

A

-Corynebacterium spp.
-Enterbacterales
-Lactobacillus spp.
-Mycoplasma spp.
-Staphylococci
-Streptococci
-Anaerobes
-Candida spp.

PHRM 865 (4 decks)

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