Buddhism (Origins) 2 Flashcards
What were some rules associated with the Sanghas?
Some rules included; no eating after noon, they couldn’t touch money, couldn’t become married and, had to take a vow concerning chasity.
Who was Mahapajapati and what did she request from Buddha?
Mahapajapati is Buddha’s aunty and Step mum and she requested female sanghas to the Buddha.
Who intervened on her behalf and what relation was he to Buddha?
Ananda intervened on her behalf. His relationship with Buddha’s is that he is his boy cousin.
Where were the first two councils held?
The first two council were held in Vesali & Rajagaha
What was the purpose of the first council?
The purpose of the first council was to preserve the teachings (Sutta) of the Buddha and the monastic discipline and guidelines for monks(Vinaya).
What did they recite at this council and why?
They recited the words and actions of the Buddha as well as the sacred test such as; Tripitaka, Vinaya and the Dharma
What was this council responsible for?
They are responsible for the reciting the Dharma as well as the creation of the Tripitaka
How many years after the first recitation did the second council occur
700 years after and the second council was called “Basali”
Why was this council necessary?
This council was necessary due to the fact that it’s aim was to fix the Dharma. It wasn’t being followed properly and the Vinaya was also being abused.
What were some of the 10 areas of dispute?
Some of the areas of dispute include; not eating after noon, can’t get married, not touching money and taking vows in relation to chasity.
How many monks gathered to condemn all 10 areas of dispute?
700 monks
Why were these councils important for Buddhism (3 reasons)?
Establish the Dharma, Tripitaka and ensuring that the Vinaya was being correctly followed by the Sangha
List the three schools of Buddhism
Theravada, Vajrayana and Mahayana
What does Theravada translate too?
The way of the Elders
What must one be to achieve enlightenment?
Be a male sangha
What is the name given to those who have achieved enlightenment?
Arahat (only male sanghas were able to achieve it)
How does one attain enlightenment and do they forgo Nirvana to assist others?
Breaking the cycle of Samsara and denying world desires (Tahna) and they do forgo Nirvana to assist others?
What does Mahayana translate to?
Greater Vehicle
What do they recognise the Buddha as?
A historical human being
What are enlightened beings called and how do they differ to Theravada?
They were called “Bodhisattvas”. In contrast to Theravada buddhist, they allow others to attain Nirvana as well
What do they believe all people possess the potential to achieve?
Nirvana
What does Vajrayana translate to?
Thunderbolt way / Diamond Vehicle
What influenced Vajrayana Buddhism?
Adoption of religious beliefs, Hinduism and Gods and Goddesses
Who helps the Vajrayana Buddhist to achieve enlightenment?
Gurus (Spiritual teacher)
What are enlightened beings able to do that most Buddhists would see as immoral?
Eat meals after noon and consume alcohol
