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Ancient India > Buddhism And Jainism > Flashcards

Buddhism And Jainism Flashcards

1
Q

Who was the founder of Buddhism?

A

Siddharth Gautam

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2
Q

Mention the causes for the origin of Buddha in ancient India

A
  • Expensive and complicated vedic rituals and superstitions
  • Highly philosophical teachings of Upanishads
  • Rigid caste system
  • Societal unrest
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3
Q

Differentiate between Buddha, Buddhist and Buddhism

A
  • Buddhism: It’s a heterodox tradition/sect in post vedic age (religion)
  • Buddha: One who has attained salvation, supreme knowledge.
  • Buddhist: follower of Buddha
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4
Q

Who is known as the nucleus of Buddhism?

A

Buddha is the Nucleus of Buddhism

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5
Q

Who was the Father of Gautam Buddha and what was his clan?

A

Shuddodana
He was king of Shakya
Clan: Kapilvastu

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6
Q

Who was the Mother of Gautam Buddha?

A

Biological Mother: Mahamaya (died at birth)
Step Mother: Gautami (Aunt)

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7
Q

When and where was Siddharth Gautam born?

A

563 BC
Lumbini, Nepal

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8
Q

How many forms of Buddha and what are they?

A
  • Samyaksham Buddha
  • Pratayek Buddha
  • Dhyani Buddha
  • Adi Buddha
  • Maitreya Buddha
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9
Q

Who is a Samyaksham Buddha?

A

He is the principal Buddha, who has attained enlightenment and guide other to attain salvation
eg. Tanhakara (1st), Kassapa (27th), Gautam (28th)

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10
Q

Who is a Pratayeka Buddha?

A

Independently achieved salvation. He does not teach or guide.

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11
Q

Who is a Dhyani Buddha?

A
  • Also known as Wisdom Buddha
  • They are of 5 types (five Tathagotas):
    a. Vairochana: (the illuminant) Teaching Dharma
    b. Amoghasiddhi: (Infallible Power) also known as Visavpani
    c. Amitabh: (boundless light) Buddha of Heaven
    d. Ratnasambhava: (gem bearer) also known as Ratnapani
    e. Akshobya: Unshakable, Fearless
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12
Q

Who is a Adi Buddha?

A
  • Also known as Dharmakya Buddha
  • He is the one Primordial and Eternal Buddha
  • Prominent in Vajrayana Buddhism
  • eg. Vairochana, Vajradhara, Vajrasattva
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13
Q

Who is Maitreya Buddha?

A
  • Also known as Future Buddha
  • Currently residing in “Tushita” (Heaven) who will descend on earth to preach Dharma when teachings of Gautam Buddha have completely decayed
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14
Q

Who was the wife of Gautam Buddha? and who was his Son?

A

Yashodhara (princess of Shakya), his son was named Rahul

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15
Q

At what age did Gautam Buddha renounce his home?

A

29

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16
Q

Who were the two teachers of Gautam Buddha?

A
  • Alara Kalama
  • Uddaka Ramaputta
17
Q

With how many other Brahmins did Gautam Buddha start his Tapasaya?

A

5 Brahmins

18
Q

After Sujata breaking Gautam Buddha’s fast with Kheer, on which Solar Event did he achieve Supreme Knowledge?

A

After 7 days, on Vaisakh Purnima

19
Q

What are the 4 signs/events responsible for great renunciation of Siddhartha Gautam?

A
  • An Old Man
  • A Sick Man
  • A Corpse
  • A Monk
20
Q

What was the name of Siddhartha Gautam’s Horse and Charioteer?

A

Charioteer: Channa
Horse: Kanthaka

21
Q

According to Buddhism, what is the meaning and Symbol of “Avakranti”?

A

Meaning: Descent of Buddha
Symbol: Maya with an Elephant

22
Q

According to Buddhism, what is the meaning and Symbol of “Jati”?

A

Meaning: Birth of Buddha
Symbol: Maya on Lotus

23
Q

According to Buddhism, what is the meaning and Symbol of “MahabhiNishkraman”?

A

Meaning: Renunciation
Symbol: Horse with a Man holding an Umbrella

24
Q

According to Buddhism, what is the meaning and Symbol of “maravijaya”?

A

Meaning: Victory over Mara
Symbol: Buddha in Bhumisparsha Mudra

25
Q

According to Buddhism, what is the meaning and Symbol of “Sambodhi/Nirvana”?

A

Meaning: Enlightenment
Symbol: Bodhi Tree

26
Q

According to Buddhism, what is the meaning and Symbol of “Dharmachakra Parivartana”?

A

Meaning: First Sermon (religious preaching)
Symbol: Wheel with lion and deer

27
Q

According to Buddhism, what is the meaning and Symbol of “Parinirvana/Mahaparinirvana”?

A

Meaning: Death
Symbol: Stupa

28
Q

Where did Buddha do his first Sermon?

A

Sarnath

29
Q

What is the core philosophy of Buddhism?

A

Life and world are full of suffering and it deals with idea of putting and end to this suffering

30
Q

According to Buddhism, what are the four Noble Truths? and what is the nickname associated with them? What are the ideas to deal with them individually called?

A

They are also called ‘Arya Sachchani’

  • Dukha (Truth of Suffering) -> Sabbam Dukkam
  • Dukha Samudaya (Truth of cause of Suffering) -> Dwadash Nidan/Pratitya Samutada
  • Dukha Nirodha (Truth of End of Suffering) -> Nirvana
  • Dukha Nirodha Gamini Pratipada (Truth of path to end suffering) -> Ashtangika Marga
31
Q
A

Ancient India (11 decks)

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