Buddhism and Jainism Flashcards
Gautama Buddha was born in ______________ (place) and ________________ clan
Buddha’s father, King of _______________
mother
brought up by
wife and son?
Lumbinivana
Sakya Kshatriya clan
Sudhodhana, kapilavastu
Mahamaya
Aunt: Mahaprajapati Gautami
Yasodhara and Rahul
Buddha renouncing his home is known as______________ and it is represented by __________
Mahabhinishkramana
Horse
Symbols for
Janma
Nirvana/sambodhi
Dharmachakra parvartan
Mahaparinirvana
Lotus and Bull
Bodhi tree
Wheel
Stupa
Buddha’s first teacher
next teacher
Alara Kalama (Sankhya philosopher)
Udraka Ramaputra
Where did he achieve enlightenment?
pipal tree at uruvella
bank of Niranjana (Falgu)
enlightened person in buddhism is called
Buddha/ tathagat
Where did Buddha attain Mahaparinirvana?
Kushinagara in 483 BC
4 noble truths
Chatwari arya satyani
Dukka: Sabbam Dukkam
causes of sorrow Dukha Samudaya: Dwadash nidan/Pratitya Samutpada aka Hetuvada - theory of impermanence
Dukha Nirodha: Nirvana
Dukha Nrodha Gamini Pratipada: Ashtaga Marga - 8 fold path
What entails the 8 fold path
Right
- observation
- determination
-speech
- action
- livelihood
- exercise
- memory
- meditation
triratna (3 jewels) of buddhism
Buddha, Dharma, sangha
Buddhist council
Venue
Chairman
Patron
result
1st buddhist council
Venue : Rajagriha
Chairman: Mahakasyapa
Patron: Ajatashatru
result: compilation of sutta pitaka- by ananda and vinaya pitaka - by uppali
2nd buddhist council
Venue: Vaishali
Chairman: sabbakami
Patron: Kalashoka
result: monks of Vaishali wanted some changes in rites
split into Staviravadins and Mahasanghikas
3rd buddhist council
Venue: Pataliputra
Chairman: Mogaliputta
Patron: ashoka
result: compilation of abhidhamma pitaka
decision to send missionaries to various parts of the world
4th buddhist council
Venue: Kundalban
Chairman: Vasumitra
Vice-chair: Ashvaghosa
Patron: Kanishka
result: division into Hinayana and mahayana
compilation of Mahavibhasha shastra (sanskrit comment on tripitakas, written by vasumitra)
What does the tripitaka contain
Sutta pitaka- Buddhist sayings
Vinaya pittaka- monastic code
Abidhamma pittaka - religious discourses of Buddha
other buddhist texts in Pali
Milindapanho - dialogue between Milinda (Menander) + Nagasena, buddhist saint
Dipavamsha and Mahavamsha- grest chronicles of Srilanka
Buddhist texts in Sanskrit
Ashvaghosha - Buddhacharita, Saundarananda, Sutralankar, Sariputra Prakaran, Vajra Suchi
Vasumitra- Mahavibhasha shastra
Buddhagosha- Visudhamagga, Atthakathayen + Sumangalvasini
Nagarjuna - Madhyamika Karika and Prajnaparimita Karika
Hinayana Buddhism
sought salvation through
they favoured which language
It is known as ________________ religion because it prevalied in___________
2 subsets of Hinayana
self-discipline and meditation
didn’t believe in idol worship
Pali
Southern Buddhist Religion, prevailed in South of India- Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand, Java
Vaibhasika and Sautantrika
Mahayana Buddhism
sough salvation through
favoured which language
It is known as ________________ religion because it prevalied in___________
2 subsects of Mahayana
grace and help of Buddha and Bodhisatva
idol worship
Sanskrit
Northern Buddhist Religion, prevailed North of India eg: China, Korea, Japan
Madhyamika/Shunyavad (founder nagarjuna)
Yogachar/Vijnanvad (founder Maitreyanath + discipe Asanga)
3rd form of Buddhism
they believed that salvation is best attained by
Chief divinities
became popular in?
Vajrayana Buddhism
acquiring magical power, called vajra
Taras
eastern India, particularly Bengal and Bihar
3rd form of Buddhism
they believed that salvation is best attained by
Chief divinities
became popular in?
Vajrayana Buddhism
acquiring magical power, called vajra
Taras
eastern India, particularly Bengal and Bihar
Who are the Boddhisatvas in Buddhism
Vajrapani:holds thunderbolt, foe of sin and evil
Avlokitesvara (lord who looks down): aka Padmapani (lotus bearer)- kind hearted
Manjushri( stimulator of understanding): he holds a book describing 10 paramitas (spiritual perfections)
Maitreya: the future buddha
Kshitigriha: Guardian of purgatories
Amitabha/Amitayusha: Buddha of heaven
Tara: female Boddhisattva
aka, Mamki, Lochana, Shveta, pandaravasini
Asthasthana associated with Buddha are
Lumbini
Uruvella (Bodh gaya)
Sarnath
Kusinagar
Sravasti
Rajgriha
Vaishali
Sankasya
Buddhist Universities and their founders
Nalanda - Kumaragupta
Vikramashila- Dharmapala
Somapuri- Dharmapala
Odantpuri- Gopala
Jagadal- Ramapala
Vallabhi- Bhattarka (founder of Maitraka of GJ)
Ashoka sent his son____________ and daugther ____________________ to ____________ on a mission to spread Buddhism
Mahendra
Sanghamitra
1st Tirthankar and Symbol
21st Tirthankar and Symbol
22nd Tirthankar and Symbol
23rd Tirthankar and Symbol
24th Tirthankar and Symbol
Rishabhadeva/Adinath - Bull
Neminath- blue lotus
Arishtanemi- conch shell
Parshwananth- Serpent
Mahavira- lion
____________________ and ________________ describe Rishabha as an incarnation of ______________
Visnu purana and Bhagavat Purana
Narayana
Rig ved mentions which tirthankaras names
Rishabha and Arishtanemi
Historical proof only for which tirthankars
Parshwanath and Mahavira
Parshwanath died at____________
What were his 4 main teachings?
What did Mahavira add?
Sammet-Shikar/Parshwanath hill, Giridih, JH
- Ahimsa
- Satya
- Asteya- non stealing
- Aparigraha- non possession
- Brahmachaya (by Mahavira)
Where was Mahavira born?
Father? Mother?
contemporary of
Mahavira was married to ____________and their daugther ____________was married to ____________, who became _____________________
Kundgrama near vaishali, Bihar
Siddhartha, head of Jnathrika kshritya clan under Vajji
Trishala, sister of Chetaka, king of Vaishali
Bimbisara
Yashoda, Anonja Priyadarshini, Jamali, first disciple of Buddha
Mahavira renounced his family after ____________
he was accompanied by ________, who founded ____________
At the age of 42, under a ____________ tree at ____________ on the bank of ________________ mahavira attained ____________
death of father
makkali Gosala, founded Ajivika sect
sal, Jambhikagrama, Rijupalika, kaivalya
After enlightenment what was Mahavira called?
Kevalin (perfect learned), Jina or Jitendriya, Nrigrantha, Arhant, mahavira
Where was mahavira’s 1st sermon?
Pava to 11 disciples
Sudharma - one ofthe disciples
Where did Mahavira pass away?
Pavapuri, Bihar
Kalpasutras written by
Bhadrabahu
Who wrote
Bhadrabahu Charita
Parishishta Parvan (appendix of Trishashthishalaka Purush)
Hemachandra
