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Buddhism > Buddhism > Flashcards

Buddhism Flashcards

1
Q

What was Buddha’s farther prophesied? And what did he do as a result of this?

A

He was told his son would be a great leader/ spiritual leader so locked his away in a garden full of extreme luxury

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2
Q

What did Buddha experience when he went outside?

A

The 4 sights

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3
Q

What are their 4 sights?

A

Dead man, Holy man, Sick man, Old man

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4
Q

Define asceticism?

A

To give up all luxuries

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5
Q

Why did Buddha give up his ascetic lifestyle?

A

He was too weak to meditate

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6
Q

What is a middle way?

A

A middle way between extreme luxury and extreme suffering.

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7
Q

Who was Mara

A

The evil one who offered temptation to Buddha

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8
Q

Define the 3 watches of the night

A

1) knowledge of previous lives
2) kamma
3) suffering exists and we can overcome it with the four noble truths

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9
Q

What do Buddhists strive to have the knowledge of?

A

The true nature of reality

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10
Q

Why are the story’s of buddhas live not help people today?

A

We live in a different society and people may have never experienced extreme luxury

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11
Q

Why are the 4 sights relevant today?

A

Because we still have to experience old age, sickness, death

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12
Q

What does buddha luxurious lifestyle demonstrate?

A

If you have everything you want it won’t necessarily make you happy

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13
Q

Why do stories of buddhas journey help those who find it hard to meditate?

A

Because Buddha himself found it hard (he was tempted by Mara)

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14
Q

What are the 3 poisons?

A

Greed, ignorance, hate

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15
Q

What are the 4 noble truths?

A

1) everyone suffers
2) suffering is caused by desire
3) detach from desires
4) follow the eighth fold path

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16
Q

What is the 3 fold way

A

The eighth fold path is decided into 3 sections

1) ethics
2) meditation
3) wisdom

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17
Q

What does the eighth fold path consist of?

A

Right-speech, action, livelihood
Right- effort, concentration, mindfulness
Right- intention, understanding

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18
Q

Define Dhamma

A

The truth about the universe

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19
Q

What is a refuge?

A

Something you can turn to when you are finding things hard and to escape suffering

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20
Q

What are the there’s refuges?

A

Buddha, Dhamma, Sanga

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21
Q

What is dependant arising?

A

Inter-relatedness

Nothing exists on its own

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22
Q

What does the cycle of samsara consist of?

A

Life, death, re-birth

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23
Q

Nibbna

A

Extinguishing the ‘self’

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24
Q

Three marks of existence

A

Dukka, Anicca, Anatta

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25
Q

Dukka

A

Suffering

26
Q

Anicca

A

Impermanence of everything around us

27
Q

Anatta

A

We ourselves are constantly changing. There is no such thing as our ‘self’

28
Q

Jataka Tales

A

Stories of buddha’s life

29
Q

Dhammapada

A

Buddha’s teachings (in verse)

30
Q

Tipaka

A

Buddha’s teaching

31
Q

What does it mean to be a Theravada Buddhist?

A

It’s oldest form of Buddhism, they’re obtained to a monastic community, they devote they’re whole life to achieving enlightenment, they follow the eighth fold path to become an Arhat

32
Q

What is an Arhat?

A

A perfected person who has overcome suffering by defeating the 3 poisons. When they die they escape the cycle of samsara and are enlightened.

33
Q

What are the two parts of Mahayana Buddhism?

A

Zen and Tibetan

34
Q

What does it mean to be a Mahayana Buddhist?

A

They believe Buddha is watching over them and they all have a seed of Buddha within them. Enlightenment is hidden and they have to meditate in order to find it.

35
Q

What is a Bodhisattva?

A

When you die your soul transfers to another form or you become a spiritual being and people pray to you for help

36
Q

What does it mean to be a pure land Buddhist?

A

They’re part of the Mahayana tradition in japan. It is based of Amitabha and they chant in order for him to take them to sukhavati after they die

37
Q

Why do Theravada Buddhists not agree with pure land Buddhism?

A

It’s too easy

38
Q

Who is Amitabha?

A

A transcendent Bodhisattva who achieved enlightenment and nibbana and created a spiritual land for the after life (sukhavati)

39
Q

Main hall

A

Here Buddhists make offering to Buddha and express gratitude.

40
Q

Gompa

A

Meditation room

41
Q

Pagoda or stupa

A

Contain holy relics

42
Q

Monastery’s

A

Where monks live (place to sleep, eat)

43
Q

Puja

A

Buddhist worship

44
Q

Symbolic offerings

A

Candle(wisdom), incense (purity), flowers(impermanence)

45
Q

Why is chanting and effective form of worship?

A

It’s educational and calms the mind.

46
Q

What is a mantra

A

A set of syllables which represent a quality of Buddha

47
Q

Samatha meditation

A

Focus on mindfulness of the body and breath. The organisation of thoughts and ability to focus on one single thing

48
Q

Vipassana meditation

A

Gaining a true sense of the nature of reality. When the mind is totally focused of the present

49
Q

Visualisation meditation

A

Focusing of something that is in front of you and imagining it (usually a painting, pattern or statue)

50
Q

Wesak

A

Buddha was said to achieve enlightenment on a full moon so this is when Buddhists celebrate. They cover their homes with lights to symbolise wisdom and hope. In Singapore birds are released into the sky to symbolise liberation.

51
Q

Parinivana day

A

. A Mahayana Buddhist festival
A time to reflect on their future death and loved ones who have died. They spend the day reading scriptures and some go on retreats. Some visit Kushinagar, India where Buddha died.

52
Q

Theravada funerals

A

Little money is spent. A shrine is set up with photos of the deceased and buddha. They remind themselves of Anicca

53
Q

Mahayana Buddhist funerals

A

Sky berries because of mountainous geography. Or a stupa is built to hold their remains.

54
Q

Kamma

A

Law of consequences

55
Q

Skilful actions

A

Rooted in the generosity, compassion and understanding

56
Q

Unskillful

A

Routed in the 3 poisons (greed ignorance hate)

57
Q

Why is kamma important

A

Because Buddhists can change their future livelihoods in their present actions

58
Q

Karuna

A

Compassion

59
Q

An example of compassion

A

Buddha passing on his teachings because he didn’t want to see people being unhappy

60
Q

Metta

A

Loving kindness

61
Q

Five moral precepts

A

Abstain from taking lives, taking what is not freely given, misuse of the senses, misuse of speech, taking intoxicants

62
Q

Six perfections

A

Generosity, morality, patience, energy, meditation, wisdom

Buddhism (1 decks)

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