· Buckley, P. J., & Casson, M. (2021).

Question 1

What distinguishes the International Business Review (IBR) from other journals?

Answer 1

Its emphasis on economics and business strategy

Question 2

Key theories used in IBR

Answer 2

• Uppsala Model – Explains gradual internationalization through learning and experience.
• Dunning’s OLI Paradigm – Explains FDI through Ownership, Location, and Internalization advantages.
• Internalization Theory – Explains why firms prefer to control operations instead of licensing.

Question 3

According to the article, why is IBR considered a “bellwether” of international business research?
a) It is the oldest journal in the field
b) It has maintained the same editor-in-chief for 30 years
c) It focuses exclusively on US-based research trends
d) It primarily publishes theory-driven articles

Answer 3

B

Question 4

What trend has been observed regarding the use of the term “strategy” in IBR papers?
a) It is clearly defined and used consistently
b) It has been replaced by more specific strategic management terms
c) It is often used loosely, applying to almost every business decision
d) It is declining in popularity due to its association with older theories

Answer 4

C

Question 5

The Role of Intellectual Property in IB

Answer 5

Intellectual property (IP) (patents, trademarks, brands) is crucial in IB, but IBR has given it little attention. Licensing and IP-based market entry strategies are often overlooked in favor of FDI-based research

Question 6

Theory-Driven vs. Phenomenon-Driven Research (Explain what has IBR leaning towards to?)

Answer 6

• Theory-driven research develops new concepts and frameworks (e.g., Uppsala Model).
• Phenomenon-driven research applies existing theories to new real-world business trends (e.g., EMNEs and GVCs).

-IBR has focused more on phenomenon-driven research, explaining real-world IB trends rather than developing new theories.

Question 7

How does Buckley and Casson’s article critique IB research?

a) It argues that IB research is too focused on practical applications
b) It suggests IB research should focus solely on Western economies
c) It is too self-referential and needs more interdisciplinary approaches

Answer 7

c.

Question 8

Trends in IBR Research Over Time

Answer 8

✅ Increasing Topics: FDI, M&A, innovation, SMEs, entrepreneurship, China’s global reach.
❌ Declining Topics: Joint ventures, alliances, gradualist internationalization strategies.

Question 9

IBR’s Geofraphical Coverage

Answer 9

IBR has less US-centric research than other IB journals. Early issues focused on Scandinavian and small economies, but later expanded to include emerging markets like China and Eastern Europe.

Question 10

What is one of the “big issues” in IB research that the article emphasizes?

a) The importance of small businesses over multinational enterprises
b) The role of sustainability and corporate social responsibility
c) The decline of global trade

Answer 10

b

Question 11

What is the main transition mentioned in Buckley and Casson’s article?

a) The transition from a qualitativeapproach to a purely mathematical modeling framework
b) The transition from conventional economic models to a multidisciplinary approach
c) The transition from studying multinational enterprises to focusing only on small businesses

Answer 11

b.