BTMA 317- Introduction to Information Systems

Question 1

What are the two ways that IT impacts industries?

Answer 1

1) Industries where software disrupted the previous market leading companies
2) Industries where a new company (or companies) used software to achieve a competitive advantage.

Question 2

What are the 14 industries that are described in the book to have been disrupted by information systems / technology

Answer 2

1. Books
2. Music
3. Video Games
4. Agriculture
5. AUtomobile
6. Motion Picture
7. Legal Profession
8. Fashion Industry
9. Financial
10. Recruiting
11. marketing
12. Photography
13. VIdeo
14. Software

Question 3

Describe how the book industry was affected by technology.

Answer 3

Amazon is one of the leading book sellers. Through the software it has digitized many of the books, and the book industry now has a competitor in the form of a digital format. While many still prefer the physical and e book sales are done, the future is uncertain.

Question 4

Describe the impacts of technology and software on the music industry

Answer 4

Similar to the books the emergence of digital streaming sites like Spotify and Apple Music charge very low to allow its users to listen to music. While the profit on one streamed song is low, it still has a major impact.

Question 5

Describe the impacts of the software and technology advancements on the video industry

Answer 5

Netflix became the dominant seller of the videos and movies , which used to be dominated by the Blockbuster. Due to the covid pandemic and advancements in tech we have been able to shift it all into a digital format.

Question 6

Describe the impacts of software and tech advancements on the software industry

Answer 6

Incumbent software companies like Oracle and Microsoft are put at risk due to the Software as a Service like salesforce by Android and open source operating systems.

Question 7

Describe the impacts of software and tech advancements on the video game industry

Answer 7

Video games are now being digitized by software providers like Zynga, Rovio, and Microsoft, abandoning the past physical copies.

Question 8

Describe the impacts of software and tech advancements on the photography industry

Answer 8

Software disrupted this industry as it is now impossible to buy a phone without a camera, and photos can be automatically uploaded to the internet for permanent global sharing without the need to have physical copies. Dominated by Instagram, Shutterfly, Snapfish, and Flickr.

Question 9

Describe the impacts of software and tech advancements on the marketing industry

Answer 9

The largest marketing companies are now digital and direct such as Google, Facebook, and Amazon getting rid of the traditional ways of marketing

Question 10

Describe the impacts of software and tech advancements on the recruiting industry

Answer 10

Recruiting due to software has now also been formed into a digital format. Rather than actively seeking a place like LinkedIn can be used to find talent, and people can put their resume and experience on the form.

Question 11

Describe the impacts of software and tech advancements on the financial industry

Answer 11

Now all financial transactions are done online because of software such as selling stocks and performing transactions.

Question 12

What is FinTech

Answer 12

Merging of technology and financial services.

Question 13

Describe the impacts of software and technology on the motion picture industry

Answer 13

In the motion picture industry places like Disney rely on an enormous amount of data, servers, software, and storage in making a computer generated film. They use 500,000files, 300 terabytes of data. There has been a major change in the way the industry functions as a whole.

Question 14

Describe the impacts of software and technology on the automobile industry

Answer 14

Nowadays the advancements in software and technology has led to a change in the cars as software is responsible for running the engine, controlling safety features, entertaining passengers, guiding drivers and connecting the car to GPS and mobile devices. There are even devices that turn your car into a mobile hot spot, maximize fuel efficiency, ultrasonic sensors, allowing cars to parallel park.

Question 15

Describe the impacts of software and technology on the agriculture industry

Answer 15

Software is now used for a satellite analysis of soils linked to per acre seed selection of software algorithms. The software can even be used for automated, driverless tractors controlled by GPS. Completely revolutionizing the way that agriculture is done in the world.

Question 16

What is precision agriculture?

Answer 16

An approach to farm management that uses information technology to ensure that crops receive exactly what they need for optimum health and productivity.

Question 17

Describe the impacts of software and technology on the fashion industry

Answer 17

Due to the new software and technology no longer do women have to borrow special occasion dresses from department stores. Now new software and technology like Rent the Runway has shifted the way that fashion works, by allowing consumers to rent the dress for a few days at a low cost, rather than dealing with the hassle of all the different areas and issues that they may face.

Question 18

Describe the impacts of software and technology on the legal industry

Answer 18

Software like electronic discovery can analyze documents quicker than human lawyers at a fraction of a cost. In addition, there are Ai software like case text than can augment a lawyers ability.

Question 19

Describe how IT reduces the number of middle managers

Answer 19

Makes managers more productive and increases the number of employees that can report to a single manager, decreasing the number of managers and experts required. Leading to less promotional opportunities thus they are more competitive.

Question 20

Describe how IT changes the managers job both positively and negatively

Answer 20

Positively - Provides many tools like business analytics applications to help managers handle the volumes of information they must deal with on an ongoing basis.

Negatively - Managers are responsible for making decisions. IT provides managers with real time information, meaning they have less time to make decisions, making their jobs more stressful.

Question 21

Describe the idea of IT eliminating jobs

Answer 21

While many companies are investing heavily in IT and reducing the labour work force there are many times where you will have to add value to the company and make known your skills in the work force. Even if IT does cut some jobs and lead to layoffs, there are new categories of jobs created such as electronic medical record keeping and nano-technology.

Question 22

Describe the impacts of IT on Employees at work

Answer 22

Individuals increasingly feel more just like a number and have a loss of identity because computers eliminate or reduce the human element. Software and technology threatens to put isolating influence encouraging people to work and shape from home causing depression and loneliness.

Question 22

Describe the IT impacts on Employee’s health and safety.

Answer 22

1. IT has allowed for more productivity increasing the workload on some employees creating stress, overwhelmed, and anxious about their job performance destroying their physical and mental health. Managers should provide more training, redistribute workload, and hire more workers.
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2. Repetitive use of the keyboard can lead to repetitive strain injuries like backaches, muscle tension in the fingers and wrists.

Question 23

What is carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 23

Painful form of repetitive strain injury that affects the wrist and hands.

Question 24

What is ergonomics? What is the goal of ergonomics?

Answer 24

The science of designing machines and work settings that minimize injury and illness. Create an environment that is safe, well lit, and comfortable.

Question 25

What are examples of ergonomic device?

Answer 25

Anti glare screens, chairs that contour the human body

Question 26

Describe the impacts of IT on our quality of life (3)

Answer 26

1. Workplace can be expanded from a traditional 9-5 at a central location to a 24 hour days at any location. Online meetings are now a fixture in business life.
2. Provide employees with flexibility that can significantly improve the quality of leisure time, even if it doesn’t increase the total amount of leisure time.
3. Place employees on a constant class meaning they are never away from the office even if they are on vacation.

Question 27

What is an industrial robot?

Answer 27

An automated, programmable, machine used in manufacturing operations.

Question 28

What are applications for industrial robots?

Answer 28

Welding, painting, assembly, disassembly, packaging and labelling, palletizing, etc.

Question 29

What are collaborative robots (robots)

Answer 29

Machines designed to be used in a collaborative application where there are interactions with humans within a shared space.

Question 30

What are applications (examples for cobots)

Answer 30

Providing information in public spaces, transporting materials and products within a building, inspection of goods, patrolling perimeters, securing facilities.

Question 31

Describe the six differences between an industrial robot vs a cobot

Answer 31

1. Work in place of employees vs work along side the employee
2. Automate the manufacturing process almost entirely without humans help on the manufacturing floor vs assist employees with work that may be too dangerous, strenuous, or tedious
3. Cannot be easily reprogrammed and requires an engineer to write new software for changes in a process vs capable of learning on the job, reprogramming it, by moving the robot down a particular path
4. Designed for heavy manufacturing vs designed for light manufacturing
5. Require safety cages to keep humans out of the workspace vs safe enough to function around people and do not require the safety infrastructure.
6. More expensive (100,000 - 150,000) vs robots (35,000 - 50,000)

Question 32

What is a drone

Answer 32

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that either is controlled by pilots from the ground or autonomously follows a preprogrammed mission.

Question 33

What are the different uses for drones?

Answer 33

Fight against deforestation used to plant trees and grasses.

Question 34

Describe the usage of drones in the fight against deforestation.

Answer 34

Fly over the area to be planted, map it, collect data about it the topography and soil. Integrates data with satellite data to determine the best location to plan the seeds. Flies drone with germinated seeds.

Question 35

What is an autonomous (self driving) car

Answer 35

Vehicle that is capable of sensing its environment and moving safely to its destination with little or no human input.

Question 36

What is the IBM Watson?

Answer 36

Suite of enterprise ready artificial intelligence services, applications, and software tools.

Question 37

What are the four primary capabilities of Watson?

Answer 37

1. The ability to understand human language
2. Ability to learn and absorb information.
3. Formulate a hypothesis
4. Understand the context of a question.

Question 38

Describe the IT impacts on medical professionals

Answer 38

1) Better and faster diagnosis
2) Monitor critically ill patients more accurately.

Question 39

Describe the IT impacts on healthcare research

Answer 39

Streamline the process and research development

Question 40

Describe the impacts off expert systems in healthcare

Answer 40

Help doctors diagnose diseases

Question 41

Describe the impacts of machine vision in health care

Answer 41

enhance the work of the radiologists.

Question 42

Describe the impacts of IT on surgeons job in healthcare

Answer 42

1) Plan complex surgeries, and employ surgical robots for long distance surgury.

Question 43

Describe the impacts of IT on doctors

Answer 43

1) Can discuss complex medical cases via video conferencing
2) Computer simulations recreate the sense of touch, allowing doctors in training to perform virtual procedures without risking harm to an actual patient.

Question 44

What are the health care administration applications for IT>?

Answer 44

Detecting insurance fraud, cresting nursing schedules, and performing financial and marketing management.

Question 45

Describe the structure of data in healthcare

Answer 45

Some are structured like blood pressure, reading, and cholesterol counts there are much that is unstructured. This includes textbooks, medical journals, patient records, and nurse / physician notes.