Btm Board Questions Flashcards
Definitions
Probable Cause
The level of suspicion by a reasonable and prudent person given the overall circumstances to believe a crime has been committed.
Definitions
Reasonable Suspicion
Belief by a reasonable and prudent person that something has happened.
Authority and Jurisdiction
Authority
Demonstrate how to explain this to a boater.
The government’s legal power to act.
Fundamental sources of coast guard authority:
(M)aster: MLE
Maritime Law enforcement (14USC522A)
(C)hiefs: Customs
(P)rotect: PWCS Port Waterway Coastal Security
(A)merica: Assistance Authority
Explain that since they are on a US federal waterway that’s the coast guard has the authority under 14USC522A also explain that we conduct boarding’s to educate people and to keep people safe not to punish them.
Coat Guard gets its L/E mission from 14USC102
Authority and Jurisdiction
14USC522A
The coast guard may make inquiries, examinations, inspections, searches, seizures, and arrests upon high seas and waterways over which the US has jurisdiction. For the prevention, detection, and suppression of violations of laws of the US. For such purposes jurisdiction, or to the operation of any law, of the US.
AND USE ALL NECESSARY FORCE TO COMPEL COMPLIANCE.
Authority and Jurisdiction
Jurisdiction with all zones and 3 sides of Triangles.
Government’s power to exercise legal authority over its persons, vessels, and territory.
Triangle: substantive law, vessel flag/status, location
*Refer to map for zones
Use of force
CG use of force policy
Only that force reasonable necessary under the circumstances may be used. Force shall not be used where assigned duties can be discharged without it. Excessive force may never be used; however, nothing in the application of the coast guard use of force policy shall be construed as to require personnel to meet force with equal or lesser force.
Use of force
Explain levels 1-5
1
Level 1: Officer Presence
Appearance, demeanor, verbal and non-verbal communications that create an atmosphere of compliance.
Use of force
Explain levels 1-5
2
Level 2: Verbal Commands
Task direction with consequence aimed at the subject.
Use of force
Explain levels 1-5
3
Level 3: Control Techniques
Techniques or actions with a low probability of causing connective tissue damage, lacerations of the skin or broken bones.
(Pressure points)
Use of force
Explain levels 1-5
4
Level 4: Aggressive Response Techniques
Techniques or actions likely to result in connective tissue damage, lacerations of the skin, broken bones or that will produce irritation to the eyes, skin, or mucous membranes.
(Kicks, punches, stuns, takedowns, and OC spray)
Use of force
Explain levels 1-5
5
Level 5: Intermediate Weapons
Techniques or actions with a high probability of causing connective tissue damage, lacerations of the skin or broken bones.
(Baton, less than lethal ammunition)
Use of force
Explain level 6 and when it is authorized
(Deadly force triangle)
Level 6: Deadly Force
(PDW, riot shotgun, m-4, crew served weapons)
Any force that is likely to cause death or serious physical injury.
6 situations where deadly force is authorized:
- Lawful arrest and prevention of escape
- Protection of property
- Protection of hazmat
- Vessel on vessel situations
- Airspace security
- Individual self defense
Use of force
Deadly force triangle
- Weapon
- Subjects action
- Opportunity
Two prong test:
•max effective range
•unrestricted access
Use of force
What is the definition of serious physical injury
Actual physical injury to the body that results in unconsciousness, protracted and obvious disfigurement or protracted loss or impairment of the function of a bodily member, organ or mental faculty.
Use of force
Easy weapons removal
Hands on top of their head back facing you to remove weapon.
Use of force
Define 4 types of subjects
- Passive Compliant
A subject who follows officer request or direction
Use of force
Define 4 types of subjects
- Passive Resistor
A subject who doesn’t follow officers request or direction but offers no physical resistance to officers
Use of force
Define 4 types of subjects
- Active resistor
A subject who doesn’t follow officers request or direction offers physical resistance that prevents or may prevent the officer from gaining control.
Use of force
Define 4 types of subjects
- Active aggressor
A subject who attempts to cause physical harm or attacks officer
Tactical concepts and procedures
Reactionary Gap
The amount of space needed to effectively respond to a sudden threat. (4-6ft)
Tactical concepts and procedures
Line of fire
The flight path of a bullet discharged from a firearm.
Tactical concepts and procedures
Triangulation
Is the concept of 2 or more personnel spreading out to avoid grouping and to provide cover for each other.
Positions: inside 1-2-2 1/2-3
2.5 / 3 \ 2.5
2 / (S ) \ 2
1 / I \ 1
Tactical concepts and procedures
Observation
What you observe prior to,during and after the boarding. Observations should be discussed pre-boarding procedure, boarding procedures and during the debrief of the boarding.
Tactical concepts and procedures
Cover and concealment
Cover: is an area that hides you and may stop a bullet
Concealment: hides you but will not stop a bullet
Tactical concepts and procedures
Fatal funnel
The area in front of a door, window, or a hatch where your are no longer behind cover or concealment which places an officer in immediate danger.
Tactical concepts and procedures
Weapons awareness
The act of knowing where your weapon/muzzle is pointing at all times.
Tactical concepts and procedures
Personal contact and cover
Contact: is the officer who makes verbal, visual or physical contact with a subject.
Cover: is the officer who maintains overall cover of the situation.
Tactical concepts and procedures
Survival contingency plan
Pre board brief for the unplanned what if’s of the boarding.
Tactical concepts and procedures
Button hook
Hook left or right when entering/leaving a space
Tactical concepts and procedures
Slicing the pie
Checking corners before entering the space.
Tactical concepts and procedures
Tactical lighting
Don’t backlight your partner.
Reflect off sources to light up room.
Don’t hold near your person.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Tactical concepts and procedures
Criss cross
One goes left one goes right
Tactical concepts and procedures
Quick peak
Change your spot when peaking again
Tactical concepts and procedures
Explain how to direct a subject out of a compartment
Hands out first when having the subject leave the space.
Hand cuffing
Restraining in handcuffs without arresting
Detaining for officer and others safety
Hand cuffing
What is an example of when you would not use normal application of handcuffs to handcuff a subject.
When you have to arrest a non-compliant subject
Active information gathering
Discrepancies in information
Pay attention to the conversation
Talk to different people for a change in story.
Active information gathering
Taking notes
Mental notes
Upon investigation write notes
Spontaneous confession: write down whatever they say. Don’t ask about it just write it down.
Active information gathering
Procedures and techniques
Open ended questions.
Don’t ask yes or no questions
Ask questions that lead to other things
Talk to other people
Initial safety inspection
Two prong test for privacy
- Is there an expectation of privacy by a person in the place where he/she is or controls ?
- Is that expectation reasonable.
Initial safety inspection
Difference between a BISS and a Search
BISS= safety inspection
Search= quest for evidence
Initial safety inspection
Scope of a EISS
The EISS may take place at any point during the boarding when there is a reasonable suspicion that a know hazard missing person, or known weapon may be present. EISS is limited to the location where the hazard is believed to exist and must cease upon identifying the hazard.
Initial safety inspection
Scope of a BISS
It will be conducted after the external inspection of a vessel upon initial boarding.
Initial safety inspection
Define EISS
A more focused protective sweep of a vessel restricted to those spaces where potential hazards are likely to exist. Must have reasonable suspicion
- unaccounted for personnel
- known weapons
- know safety hazards
Initial safety inspection
Define BISS
A quick and limited protective inspection of a vessel for boarding team safety.
Miscellaneous
Define probable cause
The level of suspicion that would cause a reasonable and prudent person, given the overall circumstances to believe a crime has been committed.
Probable cause is a judgement call made by LE officers based on the totality of the circumstances. Including the officer training, experience and analysis of the situation.
Miscellaneous
Define reasonable suspicion
The belief by a reasonable and prudent person, based on articulable facts, that something has happened.
Miscellaneous
Make a found weapon safe.
Remove source of ammo hide or separate weapon for ammo or post a guard.
Miscellaneous
Two types of spaces
Confined: is a configured space that a person may enter to work, has limited means of entry, and not designed for continuous habitation.
Enclosed: enclosed space is any space other than a confined space which is enclosed by bulkheads and an overhead.
Miscellaneous
Define 5th amendment
Protects against self incrimination.
No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war or a public danger, not shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy.
J (just compensation) G (grand jury) D (due process) D (double jeopardy) S (self incrimination)
Miscellaneous
Define 4th amendment
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
Protection from unlawful search’s and seizures.
Miscellaneous
Define search
An entry or intrusion by an agent of the government on a quest for evidence into an area where a person has a reasonable expectation of privacy.
Miscellaneous
Excepting gifts and gratuity
Don’t except anything of $20 or more
Can’t take if it it’s part of a meal (snack stuff only)
Can’t take it if it’s fit to your position even if it okay and appears wrong don’t.
Miscellaneous
Statements
Factual no speculation Who what when where why and how 4 parts: header Intro Body Conclusion
Ends with “this statement is true to the best of my knowledge “
Confined space entry
Coast guard policy
Gas free engineers, marine chemists, industrial hygienist, competent person assigned by the OIC may enter/ clear a confined space.
Confined space entry
Characteristics
A confined space is configured that a person may enter to perform work, has limited means of entry, and not designed for continuous habitation.
Hostage situations
Survival for other as hostages
Shall not: solicit demands, play hero make promises, negotiate, give orders to hostage taker.
Hostage situations
Survival as a hostage
Nurture the “still hold syndrome”
Escape even if there 2 of you hostages
1 is better 2 you can help give intel
Frisk search and SIA
CG policy regarding cavity searches
A search that involves the visual or physical examination into a persons body cavity.
Physical body cavity searches are allowed under a physician and only under clinical conditions.
Frisk search and SIA
CG policy regarding strip searches
A search that involves then intrusive removal of clothing and may be as extensive as a visual examination of the nude body.
Witness of the same sex and or opposite sex but within ear shot.
Frisk search and SIA
Demonstrate a SIA
Looking for weapons, evidence and means of escape.
Define: detailed “crush and feel” search of a arrested individuals person and through search of an other clothing.
Frisk search and SIA
Purpose and scope of a SIA
An SEARCH INCIDENT TO ARREST (SIA) is a more in depth search upon arrest in a quest of weapons, evidence, or means of escape.
No suspicion needed
Frisk search and SIA
Demonstrate a frisk
Check immediate grab area
Frisk search and SIA
Purpose and scope of a frisk
Purpose: preformed when an officer has reasonable suspicion that. Subject may have a weapon.
Scope: it is a crush and passing of the top layer of clothing and the immediate grab area in search of a weapon.
*reasonable suspicion needed.
