btm Flashcards
authority
the governments legal power to act
jurisdiction
government’s power to exercise legal authority over its persons, vessels, and territory
14usc522
The Coast Guard may make inquiries, examinations, inspections, searches, seizures, and arrests upon the high seas and waters over which the United States has jurisdiction, for the prevention, detection, and suppression of violations of laws of the United States.
For such purposes, commissioned, warrant, and petty officers may at any time go on board of any vessel subject to the jurisdiction. use all necessary force to compel compliance.
jurisdictional triangle
substantive law, vessel status/ flag, location
BISS
quick and limited protective inspection of a vessel for boarding team safety. identifying potential safety hazards and ensuring the vessel’s seaworthiness. Not for evidence gathering.
EISS
conducted only when reasonable suspicion exists that there is a particular hazard that may threaten the boarding team. Examples: unaccounted for person, know weapon, safety hazard, evidence of criminal activity
search
entry by a government agent on a quest for evidence into a are where individuals have a reasonable expectations of privacy
two prong test for private space
is there an expectation of privacy?
is that expectation reasonable?
plain view discovery
The rule permitting a law enforcement (LE) officer, who is otherwise lawfully present in an area, to seize an item that is immediately apparent as evidence
2 prong test for plane view
brown v texas, officer must lawfully be in the space, must be immediately apparent
commandants use of force policy
Only that force reasonably necessary under the circumstances may be used. Force must not be used where assigned duties can be discharged without it. Excessive force may never be used; however, nothing in the application of the Coast Guard Use of Force Policy must be construed as to require personnel to meet force with equal or lesser force.
use of force continuum
model that organizes levels of force into a graduated scale of risks and outcomes, and provides the officer with a system for determining appropriate levels of force to be applied when governed by the Coast Guard Use of Force Policy
level 1 uof
officer presence- appearance, demeanor, and verbal and non-verbal communication that create an atmosphere of compliance.
level 2 uof
verbal commands- Verbal commands are in the form of task direction with consequences aimed at the subject.
level 3 uof
control techniques- techniques or actions with a low probability of causing connective tissue damage, lacerations of the skin or broken bones. pressure points, escorts, restraint devices, strength techniques
level 4 uof
Aggressive Response Techniques- techniques are techniques or actions likely to result in connective tissue damage, lacerations of the skin, broken bones, or that will produce irritation of the skin, eyes, and/or mucous membranes. These techniques include the proper use of kicks, stuns, punches, takedowns, and chemical irritants.
level 5 uof
Intermediate Weapons- techniques or actions with a high probability of causing connective tissue damage, lacerations of the skin or broken bones. Baton, non lethal ammunitions
level 6 uof
Deadly force- any force that is likely to cause death or serious physical injury.
LEAPS
tool used to deescalate a situation- listen, emphasize, ask questions, paraphrase, summarize
OC oleoresin capsicum
5-10% OC concentration, water based, straight stream, 3oz weight, thumb activated, 10-12ft max effective range, no closer than 4ft, SHAKE SHOUT SHORT BURST SHUFFLE
Ballistic needle effect
stream penetrates soft tissue of the eye
ballistic splatter effect
stream hits target and rebounds onto officer
baton
steel shaft and corrosion resistant, no knurling or sharp edges, non-slip grip, rigid when deployed, 15-22inches when expanded.
body armor type
level IIIa
serious physical injury
Actual physical injury to the body that results in: (a) unconsciousness; (b) protracted and obvious disfigurement; or (c) protracted loss or impairment of the function of a bodily member, organ, or mental faculty.
when authorized to draw side arm
deadly force is authorized; or
b. there is a reasonable possibility that the use of deadly force may be required
deadly force triangle
weapon, opportunity (unrestricted access, max effective range), action
non-deadly force situations
- For individual self-defense;
- To compel compliance with a lawful order the Coast Guard has authority to issue;
- To prevent a federal crime or, where authorized, a serious state or foreign crime for which the Coast Guard has authority to act on behalf of that state or foreign government;
- To effect a lawful arrest or prevent an escape when there is probable cause that the suspect committed a federal crime (or non-federal crime if lawfully acting under non-federal authority); and
- To prevent the theft of, intentional damage to, or destruction of property (including information) that the Coast Guard has authority to protect.
- To enforce an order to evacuate a vessel subject to the jurisdiction of the United States when a true life-threatening emergency exists affecting the subject vessel and there is an immediate need for assistance or aid.
deadly force situations
- self defense,2.
effect a lawful arrest or prevent escape, - defense of airspace security,
4.protection of property, - protection of HAZMAT or deadly weapons,
- vessel on vessel situations
confined space
limited or restricted means of entry, not for continuous occupancy, low oxygen and light. large enough to allow someone to enter and work
hostage situation steps
take cover
draw weapon
establish security of scene
make contact with opcon
ICER
isolate, contain, evaluate, report
stockholm syndrome
occurs when hostages or abuse victims bond with their captors or abusers.
reactionary gap
4-6ft distance, try and have object in between you and the subject
cover vs concealment
cover stops bullet, concealment only conceals you
fatal funnel
places like doorways where one can be easily seen but can be difficult to move out of
contact/ cover officer
contact- handles all business with subject (talking, handcuffing, searching).
Cover- is there for back up in case additional force is needed. officer positions himself to send a compliant atmosphere
post shooting procedures
secure scene handcuff subject provide first aid/ call for medical assistance call cgis prepare statements treat weapons as evidence
items on gun belt
2 12 rounds magazines (1 may be in pdw) Expandable baton and holder Flashlight and holder Chemical resistant gloves (nitrile) Handcuff, Key and Holder Chemical Irritant and holder Personal Defense Weapon Vertical Holster 4-Gas Analyzer Belt Keepers (minimum of 4)
SMAC
stop
move away
alert
close off
reasonable suspicion
belief by a reasonable and prudent person based on articuable facts that something has happened.
probable cause
level of suspicion,which would cause a reasonable and prudent person, given the overall circumstance to believe a crime has been committed
4 gas analyzer detects?
oxygen, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, combustible gasses
14usc102
The Coast Guard shall enforce or assist in the enforcement of all applicable federal laws on, under and over the high seas and waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.
4 fundamental sources of authority
Maritime Law Enforcement (MLE)
Customs
Ports, Waterways and Coastal Security (PWCS))
Assistance
passive compliant
A subject who follows the officer’s requests or verbal directions.
passive resistor
A subject who does not follow the officer’s requests or verbal directions, BUT offers no physical resistance to the officer’s attempts to gain control.
active resistor
A subject who does not follow the officer’s requests or verbal directions, offers physical resistance that prevents or may prevent the officer from gaining control, BUT does not attempt to harm the officer.
active aggressor
A subject who attempts to harm or attack the officer.
SAFER
acronym to help determine when to move up use of force continuum safety/ security attack flight excessive reps revised priorities
people who cannot own a firearm
- felon
- is a fugitive
- is an unlawful user of a controlled substance
- is mentally unstable
- is illegally in the US
- dishonorable discharge from military
- has a court order that restrains a person from seeing an intimate partner or child.
- has a misdemeanor for domestic violence.
- renounces US citizenship
handcuffs
steel, double lock, chain link
person in handcuffs
placed in PFD, seated, supervised for positive control
