BTM 1 Flashcards
14 USC 522
The CG may make searches, examinations, arrests, seizures, inquiries and inspections on the high seas and waters the U.S. has jurisdiction, for the prevention, suppression and detection of violations to U.S. laws.
14 USC 101
Establishes the CG
14 USC 102
The CG SHALL, enforce and assist in the enforcement of all applicable federal laws and regulations on over and under the high seas and waters subject to the jurisdiction of the U.S.
Define Authority
The governments legal power to act.
Define jurisdiction
Governments power to exercise legal authority over its persons, vessels and territories.
Jurisdictional Triangle
- location
- vessel flag/status
- substantive law
What is substantive law?
A set of laws that governs how members of a society are to behave. Requires affirmative conduct. Prohibits certain actions.
Internal waters
Baseline- shoreward
Territorial Sea
Baseline - 12 NM
Custom Waters
Inland - 12NM
Contiguous Zone
12 - 24 NM Can conduct FISC there Fiscal (tax) Immigration Sanitary Customs
High Seas
200 - 12NM
What are the types of vessels
U.S. vessel
Foreign vessel
No nationality
Assimilated to no nationality
What is the congressional UOF policy?
Use all force necessary to gain compliance.
What is the commandants UOF policy
Only that force reasonably necessary under the circumstances may be used. Force shall not be used where assigned duties can be discharged without it. Excessive force may never be used; however, nothing in the application of the UOF policy shall be construed as to require personnel to meet force with equal or lesser force.
Types of subjects
Passive compliant- follows officers request/task direction
Passive resistor- does not follow officers request but offers no physical resistance
Active resistor- does not follow requests. Offers physical resistance but does not attempt to harm the officer
Active aggressor- attempts to harm the officer
UOF continuum
Level 1
Officer presence
Appearance, demeanor, verbal and nonverbal communication that creates an atmosphere of compliance.
UOF continuum
Level 2
Verbal commands
Commands in the form of task direction with consequence aimed at the subject.
UOF continuum
Level 3
Control techniques
Techniques or actions with a low probability of causing connective tissue damage, lacerations of the skin or broken bones.
These include: normal application of handcuffs, pain compliance and strength techniques.
UOF continuum
Level 4
Aggressive response techniques
Techniques or actions likely to result in connective tissue damage, lacerations of the skin, broken bones or irritation of the eyes, skin or mucous membrane.
These include kicks, punches, stuns and OC.
UOF Continuum
Level 5
Intermediate Weapons
Techniques or actions with a high probability of causing connective tissue damage, lacerations to the skin or broken bones.
These include: expandable baton or any authorized less than lethal ammo.
UOF policy
Level 6
Deadly force
Any force likely to cause death or serious physical injury.
Deadly force triangle.
Subjects actions
Weapon
Opportunity (unrestricted access/max effective range)
When is deadly force authorized?
When imminent death or serious physical injury exists to the….
Individual,unit or national self defense.
Vessel on vessel
Lawful arrest or prevent escape
Protection of property
Protection of hazmat/weapons
Airspace security
Define search
Entry or intrusion by a government agent, on a quest for evidence into an area where an individual has a reasonable expectation of privacy
Define probable cause
A level of suspicion that would lead a reasonable and prudent person, given the overall circumstances, to believe that a crime has been committed.
Define reasonable suspicion.
A belief by a reasonable and prudent person based on articulable facts that something has happened.
Basic Initial Safety Sweep
Quick and limited. Identifying potential safety hazards and determining vessels seaworthiness.
Extended initial safety sweep
Unaccounted for personnel
Known hazards
Known weapon
4th amendment
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures.
Inspections are limited in scope. Not searching for evidence.
5th amendment
No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury. No person shall be subject for the same offense. Nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against themselves.
Custodial situation
When a person feels the restraint on their freedom of movement approaches a formal arrest. Must be for a reasonable amount of time.
Frisk search
Reasonable suspicion must exists that the subject has a weapon on their person. Crushing and passing over the outer layer of clothing searching for weapons. Transporting anywhere also includes searching for means of escape.
SIA
Detailed crush and feel
Arrest must be lawful
Searching for weapons, evidence and means of escape.
SMAC levels
4500 urem/hr (gamma)
20 cps neutron
Stop. Move away. Alert. Close off.
What is the inverse square law?
Doubling distance from radiation source reduces exposure by 75%
What is the reactionary gap?
4-6 ft.
OC characteristics
1.33% OC
6-12ft range
Water based
ballistic needle effect - 4 ft or less
Expandable baton characteristics
Cannot be spring loaded
8” closed
15-22” expanded
What is the 2- prong test
Unrestricted access to a weapon and that weapons range
Define weapon of opportunity
Any weapon with unrestricted access.
Define line of fire
Everything from the muzzle to the target and beyond.
Parts/characteristics of our handcuffs
Single bale Double bale Key lock Window lock Chain (2-3 links) Stainless steel
