BT Flashcards
A miter joint having a raised surface to limit motion between the joined parts
SHOULDER MITER
A paint finish having a moderate, satiny luster, producing a finish midway between high gloss and eggshell. also called semi gloss.
SATIN
A base coat applied to a surface to improve the adhesion of subsequent coats of paint or varnish
PRIMER
A thin coat of transparent color is applied to enhance the color of a painted surface
GLAZE COAT
A type of shutter-proof opaque glass used to construct a door with glass to allow natural light only
FIGURED WIRED GLASS
What is a concrete beam placed directly on the ground to provide the foundation for the superstructure?
GRADE BEAM
A nail having a slender shank, a flat head, and a diamond point. Commonly used for general construction
COMMON NAIL
A truss having both top and bottom chords curving upward from a common point at each side
Crescent TRUSS
A beam that projects beyond one or both its supports is called
cANTILEVER BEAM
The complete records of test conduction (slump, compression test, etc.) shall be preserved and made available for inspection during the progress of construction and after completion of the projects for a period of not less than
2 YEARS
The building frame construction system that uses one-piece structural stud from the foundation to the roof
BALLOON FRAMING
Glass used in commercial establishments.
TEMPERED GLASS
A special coating system with a high gloss shine while maintaining the natural wood qualities, maintenance free, used to finish and topcoat wood flooring
POLYURETHANE FLOOR COATING
An expansion joints adjacent parts of a structure to permit expected movements between them is called
CONTRACTION JOINT
A screw, often without head, threaded through a hole in one part tightly upon or into another part to prevent relative movement.
SETSCREW
A type of wood end joint where both wood are cut at equal angles diagonally
SCARF joint
A large heavy nail used for fastening heavy timbers is referred to as
SPIKE NAIL
smallest finishing nails
BRAD
An admixture which is used to speed up the initial set of concrete. Such a material may be added to the mix to increase the rate of early-strength development for several reasons
ACCELERATOR
.A paint defect which indicates imperfect adhesion of paint to the surface, with the film getting stripped off in a relatively large pieces due to application on damp or greasy surface
PEELING
The process of removing concrete forms from the cured concrete
stripping
A horizontal piece of wood, stone, steel or concrete across the top of door or window opening to bear the weight of the walls above the opening
LINTEL
A concrete flooring and finish which transforms ordinary plain concrete into an elegant and decorative textured surface. This is done by adding dust-on-color pigments to the concrete to give a fast color and imprinted with a patented pattern and texture while the concrete is still plastic to create the look and finish of stone, slate or brick
STUCCO FLOOR FINISH
It refers to the occupancy load which either partially or fully in place or may not be present at all is called
LIVE LOAD
LOAD FOR THE BUILDING ITSELF
Concentrated load
A wall which supports vertical loads in addition to its weight without the benefit of a complete vertical load carrying space frame is called
BEARING WALL
COULD ACT AS COLUMN
SHEAR WALL
SUPPORT GROUND FLOOR
RETAINING WALL
GLASS COMMONLY
CURTAIN WALL
A column with structural steel encased in concrete of at least 7cm thick reinforced with wire mesh surrounding the column at a distance of 3 cm inside the outer surface of the concrete covering.
COMBINED COLUMN
SPIRAL COLUMN WITH STRUCTURAL STEEL EMBEDDED
COMPOSITE COLUMN
TUBULAR STEEL WITH CONCRETE INSIDE-
- LALLY COLUMN
The internal angle formed by the two roof slopes of a roof is called
THE VALLEY
How is a 90 degree bend standard hook for concrete reinforcement constructed
12 X DIAMETER OF THE BAR = 24 mm.
135 DEGREES - 6 x DIAMETER OF THE BAR
How is a 180 degree bend standard hook for concrete reinforcement constructed’
4 x DIAMETER OF THE BAR
When do you use one-way slab
IF THERE ARE TWO PARALLEL BEAM THAT WILL SUPPORT IT
A liquid substance used for providing a protective or decorative surface coating, consisting of a pigment and a binder which sets or is treated to form a resistant film
PAINT
Underwater watertight chamber to allow construction work to be done
CAISSON
They are threaded metal pins or rods, usually having a head at one end, designed to be inserted through holes in assembled parts and secured by a mating nut.
Bolts
They are anchor bolts having a split casing that expands mechanically to engage the sides of a hole drilled in masonry or concrete
EXPANSION BOLT
An adhesive that are extremely strong and may be used to secure both porous and nonporous materials; they may dissolve some plastics.
Epoxy Resins
One of the world’s most common construction materials known to have been the first construction materials in the first settlements in the Middle East way back 9,000 BCE.
Bricks
Vernacular term for alignment
HULOG
LAYING OF CHB
ASINTA
VERTICAL ALIGNMENT
ULO
SCAFFOLDING
ALA PALA
scratch coat
REBOKADA
The property of a material that enables it to absorb energy before rupturing. Represented by the area under the stress-strain curve derived from a tensile test of the material.
TOUGHNESS
An increase in length, area, or volume of a material caused by a rise in temperature
THERMAL EXPANSION
The act of stretching or state of being pulled apart, resulting in the elongation of an elastic body
TENSION
The deformation of a body under the action of an applied force. It is a dimensionless quantity, equal to the ratio of the change in size or shape to the original size or shape of a stressed element.
STRAIN
A concentric layer of wood produced during a single year’s growth of a temperate tree.
GROWTH RING
Softwood lumber intended for general building purposes, including boards, dimension lumber, and timbers
YARD LUMBER
Wood that are suitable for building material with 5” or more in the least dimension
TIMBER
Wood shrinkage perpendicular to the grain, across the growth rings
RADIAL SHRINKAGE
Wood grain resulting from plain-sawing, having the annual rings forming an angle of less than 45° with the broad faces of a piece
FLAT GRAIN
A knot held firmly in place by growth or position.
TIGHT KNOT
Wood splits inwards, the result of very harsh weather conditions
frost shake/wind crack
An oily liquid of aromatic hydrocarbons obtained by the distillation of cool tar, used as a wood preservative for marine installations or for severe exposures to wood-destroying fungi and insects
CREOSOTE
Wood coated, dipped, or impregnated with a preservative under atmospheric pressure.
NON-PRESSURE TREATED WOOD
A wood panel product made by bonding veneers together under heat and pressure, usually with the grain at right angles to each other and symmetrical about the center ply
PLYWOOD
A structural lumber product made by bonding veneers together under heat and pressure using a water proof adhesive
LAMINATED VENEER LUMBER
A building material made of wood or other plant fibers compressed with binder into rigid sheets.
FIBERBOARD
Common term that we use for exterior plywood. It must be of C-grade veneers or better, bonded with fully waterproof glue line for permanent exposure to weather or moisture
MARINE PLYWOOD
These are quarried and squared stone2’ (610mm) or more in length and width and of specified thickness, used commonly for wall panels, cornices, copings, lintels and flooring.
DIMENSION STONE
A type of stone used as aggregate in concrete products
CRUSHED STONE
A hard and dense, and thus form highly durable building materials, virtually impermeable to water, resistant to impact damage and stable within industrial environments.
GRANITE
They are dense, fine grained metamorphic rock formed by the compression of various sediments, as clay or shale, having good cleavage along parallel planes
SLATE
A type of sedimentary rock formed chiefly by the accumulation of organic remains, as shells and coral, consisting mainly of calcium carbonate, and used as a building stone and in the manufacture of lime
LIMESTONE
One of the causes of stone deterioration where stones are attack by acid in the atmosphere.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION
A type of stone cladding where the stone is just of 8 - 10 mm thick only and is typically bonded to 19 mm lightweight concrete. External and internal corner special units are prefabricated to match the façade.
RAINSCREEN STONE CLADDING
The following are metal products classified as pure ferrous metals except:
BRONZE
They are metals that rust quickly if it is in frequent contact with water
MILD STEEL
Contains minimum of 12% chromium, sometimes with nickel, manganese, or molybdenum as additional alloying elements, so as to be highly resistant to corrosion.
STAINLESS STEEL
These are solid residues of coal left after destructive distillation, used as fuel.
COKE
They are tough, malleable, relatively soft iron that are readily forged and welded, having a fibrous structure containing approximately 0.20% carbon and a small amount of uniformly distributed slag
WROUGHT IRON
These are irons that are coated with zinc to prevent rust. They employed a “hot dipping” process to coat sheet iron with zinc
GALVANIZED IRON
Non-ferrous metal that should be isolated from alkaline materials such as wet concrete, mortar, and plaster
ALUMINUM
These types of metals should not be used together with aluminum, steel, stainless steel and zinc because it will cause corrosion to the said metals
COPPER
Refers to any various alloys consisting essentially of copper and zinc
BRASS
An appropriate material for construction due to its corrosion resistance. It is resistant to acids and alkalis, also industrial and marine environments.
TITANIUM
Their dust and vapors are toxic, but they are good in sound isolation and radiation shielding
LEAD
What type of steel are used in our reinforced concrete construction?
MILD STEEL
Glass blocks if jointed with mortars gives how many hours of fire resistance with respect to integrity?
1 HOUR
A laminated glass having exceptional tensile and impact strength, consisting of multiple plies of glass bonded under heat and pressure to interlayers of polyvinyl butyral resin
Laminated Security Glass
Flat or patterned glass having a square or diamond wire mesh embedded within it to prevent shattering in the event of breakage or excessive heat.
WIRED GLASS
A glass unit consisting of two or more sheets of glass separated by hermetically-sealed airspaces
INSULATING GLASS
An opaque glass for concealing the structural elements in curtain wall construction, produced by fusing a ceramic frit to the interior surface of tempered or heat-strengthened glass
SPANDREL GLASS
Cast as either single-layer blocks or shells, and as hollow blocks where insulation is required. They may also be used to create architectural features such as naturally illuminated domes or archways
GLASS PAVERS
Glass has an invisible hard coating 15mm thick, which incorporates two special features. The surface incorporating titanium dioxide is photocatalytic, absorbing ultra-violet light, which with oxygen from the air, breaks down or loosens any organic dirt on the surface.
SELF CLEANING GLASS
A glass that kills the majority of bacteria which fall onto its surface. The action is due to the presence of silver ions in the surface layer of glass.
ANTIMICROBIAL GLASS
Glass used where unobserved surveillance is required. In order to maintain privacy, the observer must be at an illumination level no greater than one seventh that of the observed area and wear dark clothing.
ONE-WAY OBSERVATION GLASS
A setting of glass in a window frame with a compression gasket instead of glazing tape or a liquid sealant
DRY GLAZING
A Portland cement used general construction, having none of the distinguishing qualities of the other types
NORMAL PORTLAND CEMENT (OPC)
A very finely ground Portland cement has an increased content of tricalcium silicate, causing it to cure faster and gain strength earlier than normal Portland cement. Used when an early removal of formwork is desired, or in cold-weather construction to reduce the time required for protection from low-temperature
HIGH EARLY STRENGTH
A type of aggregate consisting of crushed stone, gravel, or blast-furnace slag having a particle size larger than 1/4 in.
COARSE AGGREGATE
What is the best type of concrete mix to be used for suspended slabs, beams and columns?
CLASS A
Test used for determining the workability of a mix on site. It gives a good indication of consistency from one batch to the next, but it is not effective for very dry or very wet mixes.
SLUMP TEST
In this system the tendons are located in the formwork within sheaths or ducts. The concrete is placed, and when sufficiently strong, the tendons are stressed against the concrete and locked off with special anchor grips incorporated into the ends of the concrete
POST-TENSIONING
Concrete dry batched at a batch plant and mixed in a truck mixer en route to a construction site
TRANSIT MIXED CONCRETE (READY MIXED)
A striated finish obtained by stroking a broom or stiff brush over a freshly troweled concrete surface
BROOM FINISH
A coarse-textured finish obtained by fracturing a concrete or stone surface with a power-driven hammer having a rectangular head with a corrugated, serrated, or toothed face
BUSH–HAMMERED FINISH
The chipping or scaling of a hardened concrete or masonry surface caused by freeze-thaw cycles or the application of deicing salts
SPALLING
A reduction in the volume of concrete before its final set, caused by hydration of the cement paste
SETTING SHRINKAGE
A trowel has a long, curved lip for rounding the edges of a fresh concrete slab as it begins to set.
EDGER (Edging Trowel)
A variety of concrete finishes can be obtained by working the final rendering coat with a float, brush, comb, or other tool to produce a range of standard textured patterns.
Textured Finishes
A type of concrete finish where a 10mm coat of cement (1 part), lime (1 part), and sand (5 parts) is applied to the wall, and whilst it is still wet, calcined flint, spar or shingle is thrown onto the surface and tamped in with a wooden float.
DRY-DASH
A tough, transparent thermoplastic characterized but its high-impact strength and used for lighting fixtures, safety glazing, and hardware
Polycarbonate
A type of plastic used as a material used for Burj Al Arab Hotel, Dubai
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE (PTFT)
The easiest method of waterproofing in construction. The materials are easily available from masonry product suppliers, and they’re easy to mix and apply. (most commonly used)
CEMENTITIOUS WATERPROOFING
Cold-curing adhesives which produce high-strength, durable bonds. Strong bonds can be obtained to timber, metal, glass, concrete, ceramics and rigid plastics.
Epoxy Resin Adhesives
. A lengthening joint made by overlapping the tapered, notched, or halved ends of two members and holding them in place with bolts, straps, keys, or fish plates, to resist tension or compression
Scarf Joint
Large construction equipment can be driven by trucks or wheels, but trucks are more standard.
EXCAVATOR
A type of Auger that rotates to lift earth upward and remove it from the ground as the bit bores down. They are commonly used for boring holes for construction projects, similar to but more efficient than post-hole diggers.
EARTH AUGER
What type of earth-moving equipment was shown below? It is considered one of the strongest and most reliable heavy equipment used in the construction industry
BULLDOZER
Earth-moving equipment that are needed on almost every large job site. They offer limited functions but perform the all- important task of moving and dumping many types of heavy material
Dump Trucks
They are used when one needs to move materials up to great heights. They’re also very stable, easy to operate, and are recommended for work on multi-story commercial or residential buildings.
TOWER CRANES
A lifting equipment that gets a lot of work on the job site. It contains a cabin and tower, hoists lift and materials vertically. They are usually used when materials have to be lifted to a desired height.
CONSTRUCTION HOISTS
They are lifts go up and down, with cross-brace supports, to a height up to sixty feet or less depending on the type. They are more common for indoor construction, with the disadvantage being you can’t move the platform left and right.
SCISSOR LIFTS
This is one of the oldest and most common methods of building demolition and is typically used for concrete and other masonry structures.
WRECKING BALL DEMOLITION
The main purpose of this method of demolition is to recover the maximum amount of primarily reusable and secondary recyclable material in a safe and cost-effective procedure.
strip out option
. A tough and strong but tend to be embrittled and become powdery on prolonged exposure to sunlight.
NYLON
This adhesive is brush-applied to both components which are then united and slightly rotated to complete the seal. Curing is rapid but in cold water supply systems, water pressure should not be applied for several hours. it is a solvent-based vinyl resin adhesive are used for bonding PVC-U and ABS pipes and fittings
plastic pipe adhesive
