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Lower Plant Kingdom - Algae and Bryophytes > Bryophytes > Flashcards

Bryophytes Flashcards

1
Q

What are Bryophyta commonly known as?

A

Mosses

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2
Q

True or False: Bryophyta are vascular plants.

A

False

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: Bryophyta typically grow in _____ environments.

A

moist

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4
Q

What is the main reproductive structure of Bryophyta?

A

Sporophyte

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5
Q

Which type of Bryophyta is characterized by having a leafy appearance?

A

Mosses

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6
Q

What are the three main types of Bryophyta?

A

Mosses, hornworts and liverworts

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7
Q

True or False: Bryophyta can reproduce both sexually and asexually.

A

True

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8
Q

What is the dominant generation in the life cycle of Bryophyta?

A

Gametophyte

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9
Q

Which part of the Bryophyta is responsible for photosynthesis?

A

Gametophyte

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: The sporophyte generation in Bryophyta is usually _____ and dependent on the gametophyte.

A

short-lived

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11
Q

What type of environment do liverworts typically prefer?

A

Damp and shaded areas

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12
Q

Which structure anchors Bryophyta to the substrate?

A

Rhizoids

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13
Q

True or False: Bryophyta have true roots, stems, and leaves.

A

False

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14
Q

What is the function of the capsule in Bryophyta?

A

To produce and release spores

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15
Q

Which class of Bryophyta is known for having thallus-like structures?

A

Liverworts

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16
Q

What is the primary method of asexual reproduction in Bryophyta?

A

Fragmentation

17
Q

Fill in the blank: Bryophyta are important for _____ conservation.

A

soil

18
Q

Which group of Bryophyta has the simplest structure?

A

Liverworts

19
Q

What type of structures do mosses use for water absorption?

A

Leaf cells

20
Q

True or False: Bryophyta can survive in extremely dry conditions.

A

True

21
Q

What is the role of chloroplasts in Bryophyta?

A

Photosynthesis

22
Q

Which type of Bryophyta often forms dense carpets on the forest floor?

A

Mosses

23
Q

What is the term for the small, leaf-like structures found on the gametophyte of mosses?

A

Phyllids

24
Q

Fill in the blank: The sporophyte of Bryophyta is usually _____ and consists of a stalk and a capsule.

A

set on a stalk

25
Q

What are the tiny structures that help Bryophyta absorb water called?

A

Hydroids

26
Q

Which type of Bryophyta can be found in extreme habitats, such as deserts?

A

Some mosses

27
Q

Thalloid liverworts

A
  • presence of pores
  • attachment is by rhizoids
  • Gemma cups
    • have vegetative structures called Gemmae
    • ## gemmae are bud-like structures in Gemma cups
28
Q

Sexual reproduction in thalloid liverworts

A
  • male and female reproductive structures
  • gametangia(sex bodies) are archegonia and antheridia
  • gametophores are umbrella-shaped structures that hold the gametangia
  • antheridiaphore produce antheridia
  • archegoniophore produce archegonia
  • antheridiophoral disc - faces upwards
  • archegoniophoral disc - faces downwards
29
Q

Why is the gametophyte generation considered dominant in thalloid liverworts?

A

The survival of the sporophyte depends on the gametopthyte
It usually depends on the gametophyte for nutrition.

30
Q

Describe the role of the sporophytre in sexual reproduction in thalloid liverworts

A
  • are short lived
  • foot
  • seta
  • sporocytes
  • capsule
  • calyptra
31
Q

Describe the life cycle of Marchantia (th

A
32
Q

Describe asexual reproduction by thalloid liverworts

A
  • occur by gemmae found in Gemma cups on the thallus surface
  • drops of rain strike ….
33
Q

What is the function of oil bodies….

A
  • prevent predation by herbivores and insects
34
Q

In Hornworts, how do sporophytes depend on gametophytes?

A
  • depend on them for water and mineral salts
  • for support and attachment
35
Q

Sexual reproduction in Hornworts

A
  • don’t have a foot, have a seta
  • sporocytes undergoes meiotic division producing haploid spores
  • tip of the sporophyte splits releasing the spores which grow into a gametophyte plant.
36
Q

How does sexual reproduction occur in Hornworts?

A

Lower Plant Kingdom - Algae and Bryophytes (6 decks)

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