Brucellosis.

Question 1

BRUCELLOSIS IS ALSO CALLED WHAT ?

Answer 1

febris undulans

Question 2

what are the DIFFERENT STRAINS OF BRUCELLOSIS ?

Answer 2

brucella melitensis - goat / sheep : malta fever

brucella abortus - caatle - morbus bang

Question 3

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF FEBRIS UNDULAN

Answer 3

endemic to mediterranean sea africa asia

Question 4

CHARACTERISTICS OF FEBRIS UNDULATES OR BRUCELLA ?

Answer 4

gram negative rods

non spore forming

microaerophilic

facultative intracellular

Question 5

what is the TRANSMISSION OF BRUCELLOSIS ?

Answer 5

ingest contaminated food - unpasteurised milk

contact transmission in butchers and farmers with infected animals

Question 6

what is the PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF BRUCELLA ?

Answer 6

survive and replicate within macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system → formation of noncaseating granulomas

Question 7

what is the INCUBATION PERIOD OF BRUCELLOSIS ?

Answer 7

1 -3 weeks

In some cases, the incubation period may be up to several months

Question 8

SYMPTOMS OF BRUELLOSIS ?

Answer 8

acute brucellosis :
headache,

fatigue,

high fever (wave-like - Temperature rises gradually and falls like a wave over days to weeks)

arthalgia,

painful lymph-adenopathy,

night sweats

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Brucella can theoretically infect any organ, leading to additional symptoms.

chronic brucellosis
\: decreased general condition, spondylitis, uveitis
-
possibility of
organ involvement
in acute & chronic course:

• bones & joints: arthritis, spondylitis, bursitis
• heart: endocarditis
• bone marrow: anaemia, leukocytopenia, thrombocytopenia

-liver & spleen:
hepatosplenomegaly

Question 9

what his the diagnosis of brucellosis ?

Answer 9

Serology: serum agglutination (Rose Bengal test), ELISA

Confirmatory test:
- Blood culture (may be false negative)
CULTURE MEDIUM FOR ISOLATION: CHARCOAL yeast extract agar (cysteine and iron buffered)

• Lymph node or bone marrow biopsy specimen and culture

Histopathology: noncaseating granulomas

Question 10

what is the treatmnet of brucellosis ?

Answer 10

first line doxycycline plus rifampin

second line :
doxycycline + streptomycin

Question 11

prevention of brucellosis ?

Answer 11

pasteurisation of milk products

import control of livestock