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Bronze Medallion > Bronze Medallion > Flashcards

Bronze Medallion Flashcards

1
Q

What is the ladder approach?

A 
Talk
Throw
Reach
Wade
Row
Swim
Tow
Carry
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2
Q

What are the 5 types of victims

A

Submerged, unconscious, weak, injured, non-swimmer

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3
Q

What law protects you while doing first aid?

A

The Good Samaritan Act

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4
Q

How do you treat external bleeding?

A

Position and pressure

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5
Q

What is a tourniquet used for?

A

To help stop severe bleeding

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6
Q

What law protects you while doing first aid?

A

The Good Samaritan Act

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7
Q

What does PPE stand for

A

Personal protection equipment

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8
Q

What are the 3 types of entries?

A

Slip in, stride jump, head up dive

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9
Q

What are the 3 defenses/releases?

A

Duck under, kick/push away, throw over head

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10
Q

What are the 3 spinal rollovers?

A

Vice, canadian, modified

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11
Q

What is the canadian spinal rollover?

A

Arms pinned to head, rescuer doesn’t go underwater

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12
Q

What is the vice grip spinal rollover?

A

1 hand on either side of victim, rescuer goes underwater

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13
Q

What is the modified spinal rollover?

A

Hands pinning head, rescuer goes underwater

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14
Q

What do you do while doing head-to-toe examinations?

A

Check gloves for bleeding, touch entire body, check wrist for bands identifying medical conditions

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15
Q

How do you open an airway?

A

Head tilt chin lift

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16
Q

What are the abcs?

A

Airway, breathing, circulation

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17
Q

What do you start with with an unbreathing conscious chocking victim?

A

5 back blows, 5 abdominal thrusts

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18
Q

What do you start with with a breathing conscious choking victim?

A

Tell them to keep coughing and spit it out.

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19
Q

Where do you put the AED pads?

A

Top left of chest, not on nipple

Under armpit, wrapping around ribcage

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20
Q

What are the 2 types of surface dives?

A

Head first and foot first

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21
Q

What is shock?

A

A depression of the body’s circulatory system. Shock occurs when the body is responding to illness, injury, or distress. Expect shock in anyone requiring rescue or first aid.

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22
Q

How do you treat for shock?

A 
Warmth
ABCs
Rest and reassure
Treatment/secondary assessment
Semi-sitting/semi-prone
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23
Q

What is airway obstruction?

A

Blockage of the airway/choking

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24
Q

When do you call 911 with a choking victim?

A

When they stop breathing

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25
Q

What is anaphylaxis, and how do you treat it?

A

An allergic reaction, encourage them to use their epi-pen, do pursed lip breathing

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26
Q

What is aspiration, and how do you treat it?

A

When water enters the lungs, have them cough it out, contact EMS if breathing difficulty occurs

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27
Q

What is asthma, and how do you treat it?

A

A breathing disorder where there is spasms of the muscles in the airway
Help them take any medication, loosen tight clothing, do pursed lip breathing, contact EMS if it gets severe

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28
Q

What is hyperventilation?

A

Overbreathing/breathing much faster than necessary

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29
Q

What is angina, and how do you treat it?

A

A medical disorder caused by poor blood circulation to the heart
Help them take their medication, call EMS, loosen tight fitting clothing

30
Q

What is a heart attack, and how do you treat it?

A

A medical condition where circulation of blood to the heart is severely affected
Loosen tight clothing, contact EMS, angina medication, aspirin if not on blood thinners

31
Q

What is cardiac arrest?

A

When the heart stops beating

32
Q

What is stroke, and how do you treat it?

A 
When there is a blockage of blood to the brain
Face drooping
One arm weak or numb
Speech slurred or impaired
Time to call EMS
33
Q

What is a TIA?

A

A short stroke without long-term effects

34
Q

What is external bleeding, and you how do you treat it?

A

Damage to skin or tissue causing bleeding

Use a bandage wrapped around the wound, pulling tight and applying pressure

35
Q

When do you call EMS for external bleeding?

A

When the bleeding gets severe and you cannot stop it with bandages

36
Q

What area do you need to assess with head trauma?

A

skin, bones, brain tissue

37
Q

How do you treat head trauma?

A

Immobilize head
Contact EMS
Treat for bleeding/swelling/bruising

38
Q

How do you treat nosebleeds?

A

Pinch nose, tilt head slightly forward, contact EMS if it gets worse or lasts longer

39
Q

What is internal abdominal bleeding and what are some symptoms?

A

When trauma occurs inside the abdomen and causes internal bleeding
Rigidity of stomach, difficulty bleeding, pain, bruising

40
Q

What are some symptoms of a spinal injury?

A

Pain at site of trauma, loss of coordination, weakness, bruising, swelling

41
Q

What are the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd degree burns?

A

1st: surface of skin
2nd: upper layers of skin
3rd: through the skin

42
Q

What is hypoglycemia, and what are the symptoms?

A 
When there is not enough sugar in the bloodstream
Pale/cold skin
Restlessness
Fear
Weak pulse
Confusion
Hyperventilation
43
Q

What is hyperglycemia, and what are the symptoms?

A

Too much sugar in the bloodstream
Flushed, dry skin
Excessive thirst
Acetone smell

44
Q

How do you treat diabetic emergencies?

A

Test blood sugar if available

Eat candy

45
Q

What is a seizure and what are the symptoms?

A

When there is abnormal electrical activity in the brain
Loss of consciousness
Shaking, rigidity
Loss of control of bladder

46
Q

How do you treat a seizure?

A

Control/protect the head in water
Clear objects in surrounding area to prevent injury
DO NOT place anything between the victim’s teeth
Contact EMS

47
Q

What is cyanosis?

A

When the skin turns blue, resulting of less oxygen in bloodstream

48
Q

What is the treatment for poisoning?

A

Contact EMS
Contact Poison Information Centre
Induce vomiting if they tell you to
Put the poison in a clear plastic bag for EMS

49
Q

What is a heat cramp, and what are the symptoms?

A 
Painful cramps caused 
Pain
Cool skin
Fatigue
Nausea
50
Q

How do you treat a heat cramp?

A

Remove them from the hot environment
Give them water or sport drink
Stretch the cramp
Eat well to restore salt

51
Q

What is heat exhaustion?

A

When someone is exposed to high heat for a long time

52
Q

How do you treat heat exhaustion?

A

Remove from hot environment
Drink water/sports drink
Eat well
Contact EMS if level of consciousness decreases

53
Q

What is heatstroke?

A

Rare condition where the body’s cooling mechanism stops working, causing the temperature to rise

54
Q

What are the symptoms and treatment of heatstroke?

A 
Nausea
Fever
Hot, dry skin
Fast pulse
Decreased level of consciousness
Contact EMS
Remove from hot environment
Remove outer layer of clothing
Cool the body
55
Q

What is the difference between heat exhaustion and heat stroke?

A

Heat stroke victims have a full, pounding pulse while heat exhaustion victims have a weak pulse

56
Q

What is frostbite?

A

Freezing of the outer body parts

57
Q

What is the treatment for frostbite?

A

Bring them out of the cold area

Warm up affected body parts

58
Q

What is hypothermia?

A

Dropping of the body’s temperature

59
Q

What is the treatment for hypothermia?

A

Contact EMS

Warm the body, give warm beverages, blankets

60
Q

What is the treatment for bruising?

A

Ice the bruised area for 10 to 15 minutes until the bruising subsides

61
Q

What is the difference between a sprain and a strain?

A

Sprain: injury to the joints or tendons
Strain: injury to the muscle

62
Q

What is the treatment for sprains and strains?

A

Rest
Immobilize
Cold
Elevate

63
Q

What does rice stand for?

A

Rest
Immobilize
Cold
Elevate

64
Q

What is the difference between a closed and open fracture?

A

Open: bone comes through the skin
Closed: bone stays in the skin

65
Q

What is the difference between a displaced and an undisplaced closed fracture?

A

Undisplaced: Bone is still in place
Displaced: Bone is out of place, not in line

66
Q

What is the most important thing for open fracture victims?

A

Do not move them from the place you found them, immobilize them

67
Q

What is a dislocation?

A

Where the bone at the joint is displaced but not broken

68
Q

What are the most commonly dislocated joints?

A

Shoulder, finger, toe

69
Q

What does PPE stand for

A

Personal protection equipment

70
Q

What does PPE stand for

A

Personal protection equipment

Bronze Medallion (2 decks)

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