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Bronze Medallion Flashcards

1
Q

What is the ladder approach?

A 
Talk
Throw
Reach
Wade
Row
Swim
Tow
Carry
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2
Q

What are the 5 types of victims

A

Submerged, unconscious, weak, injured, non-swimmer

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3
Q

What law protects you while doing first aid?

A

The Good Samaritan Act

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4
Q

How do you treat external bleeding?

A

Position and pressure

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5
Q

What is a tourniquet used for?

A

To help stop severe bleeding

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6
Q

What law protects you while doing first aid?

A

The Good Samaritan Act

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7
Q

What does PPE stand for

A

Personal protection equipment

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8
Q

What are the 3 types of entries?

A

Slip in, stride jump, head up dive

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9
Q

What are the 3 defenses/releases?

A

Duck under, kick/push away, throw over head

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10
Q

What are the 3 spinal rollovers?

A

Vice, canadian, modified

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11
Q

What is the canadian spinal rollover?

A

Arms pinned to head, rescuer doesn’t go underwater

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12
Q

What is the vice grip spinal rollover?

A

1 hand on either side of victim, rescuer goes underwater

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13
Q

What is the modified spinal rollover?

A

Hands pinning head, rescuer goes underwater

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14
Q

What do you do while doing head-to-toe examinations?

A

Check gloves for bleeding, touch entire body, check wrist for bands identifying medical conditions

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15
Q

How do you open an airway?

A

Head tilt chin lift

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16
Q

What are the abcs?

A

Airway, breathing, circulation

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17
Q

What do you start with with an unbreathing conscious chocking victim?

A

5 back blows, 5 abdominal thrusts

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18
Q

What do you start with with a breathing conscious choking victim?

A

Tell them to keep coughing and spit it out.

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19
Q

Where do you put the AED pads?

A

Top left of chest, not on nipple

Under armpit, wrapping around ribcage

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20
Q

What are the 2 types of surface dives?

A

Head first and foot first

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21
Q

What is shock?

A

A depression of the body’s circulatory system. Shock occurs when the body is responding to illness, injury, or distress. Expect shock in anyone requiring rescue or first aid.

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22
Q

How do you treat for shock?

A 
Warmth
ABCs
Rest and reassure
Treatment/secondary assessment
Semi-sitting/semi-prone
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23
Q

What is airway obstruction?

A

Blockage of the airway/choking

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24
Q

When do you call 911 with a choking victim?

A

When they stop breathing

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25
What is anaphylaxis, and how do you treat it?
An allergic reaction, encourage them to use their epi-pen, do pursed lip breathing
26
What is aspiration, and how do you treat it?
When water enters the lungs, have them cough it out, contact EMS if breathing difficulty occurs
27
What is asthma, and how do you treat it?
A breathing disorder where there is spasms of the muscles in the airway Help them take any medication, loosen tight clothing, do pursed lip breathing, contact EMS if it gets severe
28
What is hyperventilation?
Overbreathing/breathing much faster than necessary
29
What is angina, and how do you treat it?
A medical disorder caused by poor blood circulation to the heart Help them take their medication, call EMS, loosen tight fitting clothing
30
What is a heart attack, and how do you treat it?
A medical condition where circulation of blood to the heart is severely affected Loosen tight clothing, contact EMS, angina medication, aspirin if not on blood thinners
31
What is cardiac arrest?
When the heart stops beating
32
What is stroke, and how do you treat it?
``` When there is a blockage of blood to the brain Face drooping One arm weak or numb Speech slurred or impaired Time to call EMS ```
33
What is a TIA?
A short stroke without long-term effects
34
What is external bleeding, and you how do you treat it?
Damage to skin or tissue causing bleeding | Use a bandage wrapped around the wound, pulling tight and applying pressure
35
When do you call EMS for external bleeding?
When the bleeding gets severe and you cannot stop it with bandages
36
What area do you need to assess with head trauma?
skin, bones, brain tissue
37
How do you treat head trauma?
Immobilize head Contact EMS Treat for bleeding/swelling/bruising
38
How do you treat nosebleeds?
Pinch nose, tilt head slightly forward, contact EMS if it gets worse or lasts longer
39
What is internal abdominal bleeding and what are some symptoms?
When trauma occurs inside the abdomen and causes internal bleeding Rigidity of stomach, difficulty bleeding, pain, bruising
40
What are some symptoms of a spinal injury?
Pain at site of trauma, loss of coordination, weakness, bruising, swelling
41
What are the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd degree burns?
1st: surface of skin 2nd: upper layers of skin 3rd: through the skin
42
What is hypoglycemia, and what are the symptoms?
``` When there is not enough sugar in the bloodstream Pale/cold skin Restlessness Fear Weak pulse Confusion Hyperventilation ```
43
What is hyperglycemia, and what are the symptoms?
Too much sugar in the bloodstream Flushed, dry skin Excessive thirst Acetone smell
44
How do you treat diabetic emergencies?
Test blood sugar if available | Eat candy
45
What is a seizure and what are the symptoms?
When there is abnormal electrical activity in the brain Loss of consciousness Shaking, rigidity Loss of control of bladder
46
How do you treat a seizure?
Control/protect the head in water Clear objects in surrounding area to prevent injury DO NOT place anything between the victim's teeth Contact EMS
47
What is cyanosis?
When the skin turns blue, resulting of less oxygen in bloodstream
48
What is the treatment for poisoning?
Contact EMS Contact Poison Information Centre Induce vomiting if they tell you to Put the poison in a clear plastic bag for EMS
49
What is a heat cramp, and what are the symptoms?
``` Painful cramps caused Pain Cool skin Fatigue Nausea ```
50
How do you treat a heat cramp?
Remove them from the hot environment Give them water or sport drink Stretch the cramp Eat well to restore salt
51
What is heat exhaustion?
When someone is exposed to high heat for a long time
52
How do you treat heat exhaustion?
Remove from hot environment Drink water/sports drink Eat well Contact EMS if level of consciousness decreases
53
What is heatstroke?
Rare condition where the body's cooling mechanism stops working, causing the temperature to rise
54
What are the symptoms and treatment of heatstroke?
``` Nausea Fever Hot, dry skin Fast pulse Decreased level of consciousness Contact EMS Remove from hot environment Remove outer layer of clothing Cool the body ```
55
What is the difference between heat exhaustion and heat stroke?
Heat stroke victims have a full, pounding pulse while heat exhaustion victims have a weak pulse
56
What is frostbite?
Freezing of the outer body parts
57
What is the treatment for frostbite?
Bring them out of the cold area | Warm up affected body parts
58
What is hypothermia?
Dropping of the body's temperature
59
What is the treatment for hypothermia?
Contact EMS | Warm the body, give warm beverages, blankets
60
What is the treatment for bruising?
Ice the bruised area for 10 to 15 minutes until the bruising subsides
61
What is the difference between a sprain and a strain?
Sprain: injury to the joints or tendons Strain: injury to the muscle
62
What is the treatment for sprains and strains?
Rest Immobilize Cold Elevate
63
What does rice stand for?
Rest Immobilize Cold Elevate
64
What is the difference between a closed and open fracture?
Open: bone comes through the skin Closed: bone stays in the skin
65
What is the difference between a displaced and an undisplaced closed fracture?
Undisplaced: Bone is still in place Displaced: Bone is out of place, not in line
66
What is the most important thing for open fracture victims?
Do not move them from the place you found them, immobilize them
67
What is a dislocation?
Where the bone at the joint is displaced but not broken
68
What are the most commonly dislocated joints?
Shoulder, finger, toe
69
What does PPE stand for
Personal protection equipment
70
What does PPE stand for
Personal protection equipment

Bronze Medallion (2 decks)

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