Bronchitis, STIs, Joins and Bones infections Flashcards
Etiology based on age group for viral bronchitis
<1 year: RSV (respiratory Syncytial Virus), Parainfluenza, Corona virus 1-10yo: Parainfluenza, Enetrovirus RSV
>10 years: Influenza, RSV, Adenovirus
Bracterial causes of Bronchitis
Chlamydia or Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Tx for Bronchitis. Antibiotics, analgesics. antitussives. B agonists
Routine antibiotic is NOT RECOMMENDED
Antipyretic/analgesic: Acetaminophen Antitussives: Dextromethorphan
Beta-agonist: Salbutamol
Common type of UTI?
Common type of cystits?
Cystitis
E. coli
Cystitis drug tx
Cotrimoxazole 3d, Nitrofurontoin 5d, Trimethoprim 3 day or Cephalexin 7d. If ineffective or allergic use ciprofloxacin 3 d.
Acute urethral syndrome (urea plasma and chlamydia infection). Tx and for pregnancy
Urethritis— Doxycycline.
During pregnancy used erythromycin.
Bacterial infection of kidney substances.
Pyelonephritis— Ciprofloxacin 7-14 d, cephalosporin’s, cotrimoxazole or amino glycosides + ampicillin (for severe).
Type of UTI inf. in which factors that aqcuire bacteria and decrease efficacy of therapy such as abnormal genitourinary tract (BPH, stone, bladder cancer, and multidrug resistance)
Complicated UTI
Type of UTI Infection in healthy patient with normal GI Tract. and DOC
Uncomplicated UTI
Cotrimoxazole
Complicated UTI DOCs
DOC ampicillin+aminoglycoside Ampicillin + vancomycin
-Blood in urine -turbid
Causative agents for STI
Nisseria gonorrhea Chlamydia (in children Chlamydia neonatrum) Syphilis Lymphogranuloma Trichomoniasis. vaginitis (colored discharge) Bacterial vaginosis. vaginitis (fishy smell) AIDS Condylomata acuminate Hepatitis B and C Chancroid (syphilis) Genital herpes Genital warts (papilloma virus)
Vaginal inf. that is not STI thereby sexual partner does not require treatment. Symptoms are WHITE CURDY discharge. If reoccur within 2 months, partner need treatment.
Candida infection— Vulvoginitis
Tx for Candida infx
Miconazole, Clotrimazole, Nystatin
What kind of ulcer is present in Syphilis?
Chancroid
Protozoa infx vaginits. And discharge symptom
Trichomoniasis. Frothy wet discharge. STD
Vaginal discharge, spotting and soreness, burning vaginitis. DOC and tx
Atrophy. Metronidazole
Women may develop red sores on the hand feet, in addition to severe pain in the wrist and ankles. In men, the gonococcus will frequently attack only a single joint, most often the knee.
Infectious arthritis
Inf. A tx, causative agent
Oral Ampicillin due to gonococcus
*surgery not nec. but particularly helpful
Tick-borne infection can cause arthritis and, in severe cases, heart and/or CNS complications. Causative agents and DOC. Prevalent during Jul-Aug
Lyme disease— Spirochete (Borelia burgdorferi) is transmitted to humans via deer tick (a tiny insect found in squirrels, rabbits, other rodents, birds, and household pets. DOC: Doxy, Amoxi, Cefurox
Bacterial infx of the bone and bone marrow. Causative agent
Osteomyelitis— S. aureus
Stomach infection with this is common and is associated with peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer.
Helicobacter pylori
Large intestines bacterias an/aerobes?
predominantly anaerobes (99.9%) and an apparent negligible 0.1%) of aerobes
An/aerobe GI bacteria examples
An: Bacteriosides, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, anaerobic cocci
A: Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Enterococc
What bacteria is not present in CAP infections?
P. aeruginosa
Shigella- dysentery (trav’s bloody diarr)
Campylobacter jejuni- Trv dairr
Salmonella- eggs, poultry, meat
Clostridium difficile- P. colitis
Escherichia coli- meat poisoning and trav diarr
S. aureus- meat, mayo, custard
Clostridium perfringens- aq gastroenteritis, reheated dishes
Norwalk virus- diarr in hosp. pts
Entomoeba- amoebiasis
Bacillus cereus (B. cereus)- reheated rice
Vibrio parahaemolyticus- contaminated seafood
Listeria- meat
Rash, skin peeling, and sores on the mucus membrane. In Steven Johnson’s syndrome, a person has blistering of mucus membrane, typically in mouth, eyes and vagina. Drugs of tx and that causes this desease.
Tx: Cortisone SJS may cause by: SASPAN S = sulfonylureas A = anticonvulstants S = sulfonamides P = penicillin A = Allopurinol N = NSAIDs (pirox, nevirapine, and diclo)
