Bronchial Sepsis Flashcards
What are the most common clinical signs of pneumonia/bronchial sepsis?
SOB, pleuritic chest pain, sudden onset, rigors/fever, slight cough.
What are the clinical indicators of pneumonia?
Dehydration, high temperature, high pulse rate, low BP, high respiratory rate, low saturation and crackles within the lung fields.
Describe the characteristics of the streptococcus pneumonia bacteria.
A gram stain positive bacteria that lives within the respiratory tract and can rapidly multiply. Causes severe illness with an abrupt onset and is a medical emergency.
Haemophilus influenza infection characteristics?
A common cause of upper respiratory tract infections, usually capsulated. Can cause small pleural effusions/empyemas. Gram-negative, coccobacillary, facultatively anaerobic pathogenic bacterium.
What means a bacteria is Gram negative?
Gram negative bacteria do not retain crystal violet stain and are characterised as having cell membranes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall sandwiched between an inner cytoplasmic cell membrane and a bacterial outer membrane.
What means a bacteria is Gram positive?
Gram-positive bacteria are bacteria that give a positive result in the Gram stain test and take up the crystal violet, this is because they have a thick peptidoglycan layer in the bacterial cell wall retains the stain,
What are the characteristics of Staphylococcus Aureus?
A gram positive bacteria that spreads via the airways of via bacteraemia. Causes lung tissue lysis which can cause cavitation and therefore septicaemia, empyema,
abscesses are common.
I am a • Gram –ve bacteria • Colonise oropharynx • Nosocomial • Comorbidity common I cause pt to be very unwell and have haemoptysis. What am I?
Klebsiella
Bronchial sepsis caused by E.coli is characterised by what signs and symptoms?
Gram –ve • Comorbidity • Chronically ill patient • Aspiration • Often lower lobes • Poor prognosis
Which Gram –ve bacteria causes a structural lung disease of gradual onset which causes patients to be chronically ill? Characterised by copious amounts of very green sputum.
Pseudomonas aeriginosa
Air conditioning can effectively spread which pneumonia causing bacteria?
Legionella pneumophilia
Legionella pneumophilia is characterised by what signs and symptoms?
• Dry cough, fever, myalgia,diarrhoea, rash • Oliguria, ARF, rhabdomyolysis, HSM • 5-30% mortality Often occurs in immunocompromised pts.
Which pneumonia causing organism can be contracted from birds and causes ever, myalgia, macular rash,
splenomegaly, severe cough, dyspnoea, depressionand has a prolonged treatment period?
Chlamydia psittacci
Which bacteria is often found in recent travellers, whom may be immunocompromised and present with Gradual onset, fever, chest pain, weight loss, dry cough, haemoptysis. Cavitation and effusion.
Clue - it’s a great mimic!
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Which fungus can cause progressive SOB, dry
cough, fever and weightloss?
Pneumocystis carinii
CXR for this!
