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Brodman Areas Flashcards

1
Q

Second Somatosensory Area

A
  • at parietal operculum
  • receives via VPL, VPM, intralaminar thalamic nuclei and SSI
  • LESION- asymbolia for pain (absence of psychic reaction to pain stimuli)
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2
Q

Somatosensory association area

A
  • Brodmann’s area 5,7
  • superior parietal lobe
  • fx: stereognosis

LESION-
•bilateral- optic ataxia
•unilateral- of no dominant cause a stereognosis & contralateral neglect (hemi-asomatognosia)

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3
Q

Agnosia

A

Patient cannot recognize objects felt with hand of side contralateral to parietal lobe lesion

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4
Q

Anosognosia

A

Patient denies having illness or lacks awareness of it

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5
Q

Gerstmann syndrome

A
  1. Finger Agnosia (can’t recognize diff fingers)
  2. A graphic (unable to write)
  3. Inability to distinguish left from right
  4. Alexia (deficient reading)
  5. Acalculia (unable to perform calculations)
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6
Q

Primary visual cortex

A
  • brodmann’s 17
  • surround calcarine sulcus
  • input via geniculocalcarine tract and LGN
  • macular projections go posterior
  • peripheral projections go anterior
  • each cortex receives ipsilateral half of retina conveying contralateral VF
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7
Q

Higher level visual cortex

A
  • brodmann’s area 18,19

* integrated depth/3D

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8
Q

Prosopagnosia

A
  • face/shape recognition deficit

* represented in inferior temporal cortex (visual cortex)

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9
Q

Middle temporal gyrus

A
  • neurons receive info. From primary visual cortex responding to movement of objects in visual field
  • LESION - movement Agnosia or cinetagnosia
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10
Q

Primary auditory cortex

A

• Brodmann’s area 41,42
• transverse temporal gyri of Heschl in superior temporal gyrus
• primary input via MGN
• predominantly contralateral organ of corti
LESION - acoustic Agnosia

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11
Q

Auditory Association Area (Wernicke’s Area)

A
  • Brodmann’s area 22 (primarily Left)
  • comprehension of spoken sound
  • non dominant area specialized for nonspeech auditory info
  • pt is unaware of deficit
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12
Q

Primary Gustatory Area

A
  • Brodmann’s area 43
  • parietal operculum
  • input via VPM
  • irritative lesions give hallucinations of taste
  • blood supply Middle Cerebral Artery
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13
Q

Primary vestibular cortex

A 
Possible loci:
• temporo-perisylvian (mainly 40,21,22)
• parietal operculum
• posterior insular cortex
• superior temporal gyrus (ant. Pt of 22)
• primary somesthetic area
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14
Q

Primary motor cortex

A
  • Brodmann’s area 4
  • anterior part of paracentral lobule
  • HOMUNCULUS
  • main input via other motor areas, somatosensory cortex and VL of thalamus
  • FOCAL LESION- flaccid paralysis of contralateral half
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15
Q

Pre-motor cortex

A
  • Brodmann’s area 6
  • activated when new motor program is created or changed based off of sensory info
  • lesions - APRAXIA (impaired performance of learned movements, not paralysis)
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16
Q

Ideomotor Apraxia

A

Patient knows what they want to do but unable to perform on command

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17
Q

Ideational Apraxia

A

Patient fails to carry out correct sequence of acts although individual movements are correct

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18
Q

Agraphia

A
  • inability to write
  • damage to premotor cortex
  • if speech unaffected indicates damage to left angular gyrus (inferior parietal)
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19
Q

frontal eye field

A
  • Brodmann’s area 8
  • cause conjugate movement of eyes to left
  • if damaged, eyes look towards lesion
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20
Q

Prefrontal cortex

A
  • Brodmann’s 9,10,11,12
  • emotional and intellectual processes
  • reciprocal connections with amygdaloid body (temporal lobe) and mediodorsal nucleus - react dependent off past experiences
  • monitors behavior, judgement and foresight
  • lateral part contributes to olfaction
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21
Q

Who is Phineas Gage

A
  • prefrontal cortex injury

* survived but severe personality changes to irritable, hostile, disrespectful

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22
Q

Broca’s area

A
  • posterior part of triangular gyrus (45) and frontal operculum (44)
  • associated with speaking/expression
  • input from Wernicke’s via Arcuate Fasiculus
  • lesions associated with aphasia
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23
Q

Brodmann’s Area 3,1,2

A

Primary somatosensory cortex (post central gyrus)

24
Q

Brodmann’s Area 4

A

Primary Motor Cortex

Precentral Gyrus

25
Q

Brodmann’s Area 5

A

Somatosensory association cortex (parietal lobe)

26
Q

Brodmann’s Area 6

A

Pre motor and supplementary motor cortex

27
Q

Brodmann’s Area 7

A

Somatosensory association cortex

28
Q

Brodmann’s Area 8

A

Frontal eye field

29
Q

Brodmann’s Area 9,10,11,12,46,47

A

Prefrontal cortex

30
Q

Brodmann’s Area 11,12

A

Orbital gyri

31
Q

Brodmann’s Area 13-16

A

13,14 anterior insular cortex

15,16 posterior insular cortex

32
Q

Brodmann’s Area 17

A

Primary visual cortex (V1)

33
Q

Brodmann’s Area 18

A

Visual association cortex (V2)

34
Q

Brodmann’s Area 19

A

Visual association cortex (V3)

35
Q

Brodmann’s Area 20

A

Inferior temporal Gyrus

36
Q

Brodmann’s Area 21

A

Middle temporal gyrus

37
Q

Brodmann’s Area 22

A

Wernicke’s area

Superior temporal gyrus

38
Q

Brodmann’s Area 23,24

A

Cingulate cortex

39
Q

Brodmann’s Area 25

A

Subcallosal cortex

40
Q

Brodmann’s Area 26

A

Retrosplenial cortex

41
Q

Brodmann’s Area 28

A

Posterior entorhinal cortex

42
Q

Brodmann’s Area 29-30

A

Retrosplenial cingulate cortex

43
Q

Brodmann’s Area 31,32

A

Dorsal cingulate cortex

44
Q

Brodmann’s Area 34

A

Anterior entorhinal cortex (on parahippocampal gyrus)

45
Q

Brodmann’s Area 35

A

Perirhinal cortex (on parahippocampal gyrus)

46
Q

Brodmann’s Area 36

A

Parahippocampal cortex

47
Q

Brodmann’s Area 37

A

Fusiform gyrus

48
Q

Brodmann’s Area 38

A

Temporopolar area

49
Q

Brodmann’s Area 39

A

Angular gyrus

50
Q

Brodmann’s Area 40

A

Supra marginal gyrus

51
Q

Brodmann’s Area 41,42

A

Primary and auditory association areas

52
Q

Brodmann’s Area 43

A

Frontoparietal operculum (gustatory area)

53
Q

Brodmann’s Area 44,45

A

44- pars opercularia Broca’s area

45- para triangularis Broca’s area

54
Q

Brodmann’s Area 48

A

Retrosubicular area

55
Q

Brodmann’s Area 52

A

Parainsular area (jx temporal lobe and insula)

56
Q

Primary somatosensory area

A
  • B 3,1,2
  • postcentral gurus (parietal lobe)
  • receive fibers from VPL & VPM
  • temperature, pain, pressure, proprioception via thalamocortical
  • anterior = cutaneous sensibility
  • posterior = deep sensibility
  • HOMUNCULUS (contralateral)

Neuro (2 decks)

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