Broad category Of firearm operations Flashcards
Manually Loaded definition
Firearms which are operated entirely by hand and without the use of the energy of the discharged round to perform any portion of the cycle of fire
Auto Loading definition
A firearm in which the first round of ammunition is chambered manually upon which each subsequent round is chambered by forces generated by the detonating cartridge pushing the bolt/breechblock rearward and a spring then pushing the bolt/breechblock forward again.
Auto loading firearms can be either be fired semiautomatic or what?
Automatic
Define semiautomatic
Autoloading firearm which fires a single round for pull and release of the trigger
Define automatic
An autoloading firearm which fires more than one round for each pull of the trigger.
Define select fire
An autoloading firearm which permits either semiautomatic or automatic fire.
Define revolver (manual loaded firearm)
A handgun having a revolving chambered cylinder for holding a number of cartridges, pulling the trigger or cocking the hammer aligns the chamber with the bore of the barrel to fire each round.
Define pistol derringer (manual loaded firearm)
A handgun having a barrel or barrels which are loaded and unloaded manually by pivot of the barrel(s) from the frame exposing the chambers.
Define bolt action (manual loaded firearm)
A firearm in which the breech closure is in line with the bore at all times, is manually reciprocated via a bolt handle to load, unload and cock the weapon, and is locked in place by breech bolt lugs and engaging abutments in the receiver.
Define lever action (manual loaded firearms)
A design wherein the breech mechanism is cycled by an external lever generally below the receiver
Define break open action/top break action
A firearm in which the barrel(s) are hinged to the breech (receiver) so that when the action is opened, the jointed barrel(s) swing up or down for loading and unloading
Define pump/slide action (manual loaded firearm)
An action which features a moveable forearm which is manually activated in a motion parallel to the barrel by the shooter. Firearm motion is transmitted to a breech bolt assembly which performs the function of feeding, chambering, firing and extracting the ammunition.
Define blowback:simple (auto loaded firearm)
A system in which there is no mechanical locking of the bolt/breechblock onto the rear of the barrel (chamber). The bolt/breechblock is held closed onto the chamber by tension of a spring.
Define blowback-delayed: gas (Auto loaded firearm)
System in which gas pressure from the ignited cartridge is fed through a small port in the barrel (in front of the chamber) to delay the rearward motion of the slide. This is accomplished by means of a piston contained inside of a cylinder located under the barrel that opposed the rearward motion of the slide until the gas pressure has declined-after the bullet has left the barrel-allowing the slide to end its rearward motion, opening the breech and ejecting the empty cartridge case.
Define recoil operated-short recoil (auto loaded firearms)
A system in which the barrel and breechblock (slide) are locked at the moment of firing, during the first part of their combined recoil travel 1/2 inch together until the breech end of the barrel is pulled down allowing the breechblock (slide) to travel rearward.
Define recoil operated-long recoil (auto loaded firearm)
System in which the barrel and bolt l/breechblock are locked at the moment of firing, during the first part of their combined recoil travel together for the length of the cartridge case until the bolt/breechblock are mechanically separated thus allowing the bolt/breechblock to travel rearward.
Define gas operated (auto loaded firearms)
System in which the propellant gases are tapped off from the barrel and are used to unlock the breech bolt and then to complete the cycle of extracting and ejecting. It is used in conjunction with a strong spring which returns the operating parts to the proper firing position.
Define Firing Mechanisms
Firearms use triggers to initiate the firing of a cartridge in the chamber of the weapon. This is accomplished by actuating a striking device through a combination of spring and kinetic energy operating through a firing pin to strike and ignite the primer.
What are the two types of firearms striking mechanisms?
Hammers
Strikers
What is a hammer?
Spring tensioned masses of metal that pivot on a pun when released and strike a firing pin to discharge a cartridge.
What is a striker?
Spring loaded firing pins that travel on an axis in line with the cartridge eliminating the need for a separate hammer.
Define double action as it pertains to a firing mechanism
A mechanism in which the pull of the trigger both cocks and releases the hammer
Define single action as it pertains to a firing mechanism
Mechanism in which the trigger perform a single function of releasing the hammer or striker
Define double action only as it pertains to a firing mechanism
A mechanism in which a pull of the trigger both cocks and releases the hammer
Define striker fire as it pertains to a firing mechanism
Spring loaded firing pins that travel on an axis in line with the cartridge eliminating the need for a separate hammer
Define blow-back (delayed) mechanical
A system in which the bolt/breechblock is not locked but some mechanical delay is incorporated to ensure the breechblock cannot move with sufficient rapidity to allow the unsupported case to be extracted from the chamber while the pressure is still high.
