British- master gardeners

Question 1

d e f i n i t i o n s

MONOPOLY

Answer 1

exclusive right to trade

Question 2

d e f i n i t i o n s

SEPOY

Answer 2

indian troops serving in the british army of

Question 3

d e f i n i t i o n s

NAWAB

Answer 3

a muslim title/muslim nobleman

Question 4

d e f i n i t i o n s

DOCTRINE OF LAPSE

Answer 4

a policy applied by the BEIC until 1958- any indian princely state would be taken into British India if the ruler was judged to be incompetent or died without a male heir

Question 5

d e f i n i t i o n s

MUTINY

Answer 5

an open rebellion against the authority usually by soldiers or sailors

Question 6

d e f i n i t i o n s

RAJ

Answer 6

meaning rule, especially British rule in India (1858-1947)

Question 7

d e f i n i t i o n s

VICEROY

Answer 7

the deputy for the monarch - the title of the man who headed up the government in india after 1858

Question 8

d e f i n i t i o n s

CASH CROP

Answer 8

crops like cotton or tea, that are made to be sold at market at a profit rather than for a farmer to feed his family

Question 9

when was the east india company founded?

Answer 9

1600

Question 10

what is the aim of the EIC?

Answer 10

the aim was to make maximum profit for its share holders, from india’s natural resources and produce such as silk, gold, silver, gemstones, tea and spices and manufactured goods like textiles

Question 11

when was the first eic trading post set up?

Answer 11

1612

Question 12

where was the first eic trading post set up at?

Answer 12

surat

then in madras 1638 and bombay 1668

Question 13

what happened in 1707?

Answer 13

emperor aurangzeb died and mughal control began weakening

Question 14

then what happened in 1750s and onward?

Answer 14

★ clive’s success at the battle of plassey (bengal)
★ the eic used a combo of military force and negotiation with local princes to extend its political & economic control into other areas of india.
★ in the 1700s there was considerable integration between eic employees and indian people with whom they worked- learning local languages and marrying indian women or adopting aspects of indian culture

Question 15

when did the british become increasingly separated from the local people?

Answer 15

1800-1850

Question 16

how did the British separate themselves from the locals?

Answer 16

♡ dressing in british clothing
♡ only socialising with british people
♡ refusing to learn local languages
♡ sending christian missionaries to india

Question 17

what happened in may of 1857?

Answer 17

85 sepoys mutinied in meerut sparking a period of rebellion against the british (representing a longer term unhappiness at unfair treatment of sepoys; concerns that the British were trying to convert the indians to christianity, harsh taxes and policies like the doctrine of lapse)

Question 18

when did the British rule

over india?

Answer 18

1858-1947

Question 19

when did the EIC rule India?

Answer 19

1757-1858

Question 20

k e y f e a t u r e s

military

Answer 20

♥︎ indian soldiers were vital to british rule
♥︎ the european officers controlled the soldiers in the indian army
♥︎ around 40% of india’s wealth was spent on the army which was used by the british all around the world (including wars in south africa (1899-1902) and ww1 and ww2)

Question 21

k e y f e a t u r e s

politics

Answer 21

♦︎ india was governed by the viceroy (on behalf of the british monarch).
♦︎ only 60% of india was directly governed by the british - the rest were princely states where local rulers had complete authority as long as they did not do anything the british did not approve of.
♦︎ there were also some conservative councils made of educated indians but these had no real power and were just to help the british keep and eye on the mood in india.

Question 22

k e y f e a t u r e s

infrastructure

Answer 22

☆british built 40,000 km of railway, 110,000 km of canals and irrigated 6 million hectares of land in india.
☆ these were designed to ensure effective movement of troops as to control india and enable efficient and profitable trade for britain.

Question 23

k e y f e a t u r e s

economy

Answer 23

♧ india was a vast supplier to britain and it brought british goods in return. ♧ british was heavily reliant on the huge profit made from this rule.
♧ india’s share of the exports fell from 27 to 2% under british rule.
♧ the indian textile industry was completely destroyed
♧ the british encouraged cash crops - meaning when famines came the impacts worsened as fewer crops were being grown for food.

Question 24

k e y f e a t u r e s

admin

Answer 24

○ british were reliant on thousands of indians who were kept as subordinates.
○ day to day work was undertaken by low paid indians.
○ a middle class of indian civil servants emerged who used the english language and their own.

Question 25

k e y f e a t u r e s

religion

Answer 25

-after the “mutiny” the british got involved in religion much less and - - -hinduism and islam remained the largest religions in india.

Question 26

k e y f e a t u r e s

education

Answer 26

☀︎schools and colleges were opened- teaching english language, using textbooks made in britain and teaching british democracy and justice.
☀︎ indian children had to wear british style clothing and learn british games.