British History Flashcards
1
Q
What was the Date and year of the Battle Of Hastings
A
14th october 1066
2
Q
When was the earliest inhabitants of Humans
A
800,000 Years ago
3
Q
When did the Black Death arrive in Britain and how many people perish
A
1348 - up to a third or half the population
4
Q
Who were the two main ‘sea dogs’ of the Elizabethan era
A
John Hawkins Walter Raleigh and Sir Frances Drake
5
Q
What year did the Crowns of Scotland and England become 1 and who was Monarch
A
1603 - James I
6
Q
Who led the Government of England during the Infancy of Edward VI from 1550 to 1553
A
John Dudley 1st Duke of Northumberland
7
Q
Who was the Last Monarch of the House of Stuart
A
Queen Anne
8
Q
What was the first establishment set up in America and what year was it established
A
Jamestown 1607
9
Q
What Year was the Glorious Revolution
A
1688
10
Q
From What Years was Margaret Thatcher Prime Minister
A
1979 - 1990
11
Q
What Happened in 259 AD
A
The Gallic Empire was established
12
Q
Which English King died in 939 AD
A
Athelstan
13
Q
Who succeded Queen Victoria in 1901
A
Edward VII
14
Q
What was the Test Act of 1673
A
It Excluded Catholics from Public office
15
Q
From what years were the Seven Years War
A
1756 - 1763
16
Q
What Year had Edward I anexed Wales
A
1282
17
Q
What was the Easter Rising
A
- The Easter Rising was an insurrection staged in Ireland during Easter Week, 1916.
- The Rising was mounted by Irish republicans with the aims of ending British rule in Ireland and establishing the Irish Republic at a time when the British Empire was heavily engaged in the First World War.
- It was the most significant uprising in Ireland since the rebellion of 1798
18
Q
What were the provisions of Oxford
A
- The Provisions of Oxford are often regarded as England’s first written constitution (although the Magna Carta and earlier law codes such as that of King Ethelbert of Kent are also significant).
- Installed in 1258 by a group of barons led by Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, the provisions forced King Henry III of England to accept a new form of government in which power was placed in the hands of a council of twenty-four members,twelve selected by the crown, twelve by the barons.
- The twenty-four members selected were to pick two more men to oversee all decisions.
- The selected men were to supervise ministerial appointments, local administration and the custody of royal castles.
- Parliament, meanwhile, which was to meet three times a year, would monitor the performance of this council
19
Q
From What years are considered the Anglo-Saxon period
A
The Anglo-Saxon era denotes the period of English history between about 550 and 1066
20
Q
The Battle of Britain was Fought between what date and Year
A
10 July – 31 October 1940
21
Q
give an Account of the Battle of the Somme
A
- The Battle of the Somme , also known as the Somme Offensive, took place during the First World War between 1 July and 18 November 1916 in the Somme department, either side of the river Somme.
- The battle consisted of an offensive by the British and French armies against the German Army, which, since invading France in August 1914, had occupied large areas of the country.
- The Battle of the Somme was one of the largest battles of the war; by the time fighting paused in late autumn 1916 the forces involved had suffered more than 1 million casualties, making it one of the bloodiest military operations ever recorded
- 1 July 1916 saw the British Army suffer the worst day in its history, with nearly 60,000 casualties
- At the end of the battle, British and French forces had penetrated a total of 6 miles (9.7 km) into German occupied territory. The British Army was three miles (5 km) from Bapaume and also did not capture Le Transloy or any other French town, failing to reach many objectives. The Germans were still occupying partially-entrenched positions and were not as demoralised as the British High Command had anticipated
*
22
Q
At what battle during the Wars of the Roses did the Earl of Warwick invade England From Calais and capture Henry VI
A
the Battle of Northampton
23
Q
Name Henry VIII six wives in order
A
- Catherine of Aragon
- Anne Boleyn
- Jayne Seymour
- Anne of Cleves
- Catherine Howard
- Catherine Parr
24
Q
Expain the English Reformation
A
- The English Reformation was the series of events in 16th-century England by which the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church.
- These events were, in part, associated with the wider process of the European Protestant Reformation, a religious and political movement which affected the practice of Christianity across most of Europe during this period.
- Based on Henry VIII’s desire for an annulment of his marriage, the English Reformation was at the outset more of a political affair than a theological dispute.
- The reality of political differences between Rome and England allowed growing theological disputes to come to the fore.
- Immediately before the break with Rome, it was the Pope and general councils of the church that decided doctrine. Church law was governed by the code of canon law with final jurisdiction in Rome. Church taxes were paid straight to Rome and it was the Pope who had the final say over the appointment of bishops.
- The split from Rome made the English monarch the Supreme Governor of the English church by “Royal Supremacy”, thereby making the Church of England the established church of the nation. Doctrinal and legal disputes now rested with the monarch, and the papacy was deprived of revenue and the final say on the appointment of bishops.
25
What year was the peasents Revolt
1381
26
From What years did Queen Victoria Reign
1837 - 1901
27
Describe the life of Bede
* Bede 672/673 – 26 May 735
* also referred to as Saint Bede or the Venerable Bede ,
* was a monk at the Northumbrian monastery of Saint Peter at Monkwearmouth, today part of Sunderland, England, and of its companion monastery, Saint Paul's, in modern Jarrow both in the Kingdom of Northumbria
* Bede's monastery had access to a superb library which included works by Eusebius and Orosius among many others.
* He is well known as an author and scholar, and his most famous work, Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum (The Ecclesiastical History of the English People) gained him the title "The Father of English History"
* . In 1899, Bede was made a Doctor of the Church by Leo XIII, a position of theological significance;
* he is the only native of Great Britain to achieve this designation (Anselm of Canterbury, also a Doctor of the Church, was originally from Italy). Bede was moreover a skilled linguist and translator, and his work with the Latin and Greek writings of the early Church Fathers contributed significantly to English Christianity, making the writings much more accessible to his fellow Anglo-Saxons.
28
What were the Covenenters
* Scottish Presbyterian Christians who swore to uphold their forms of worship in a national Covenent
* Signed 28 Feb 1638, When Charles I attempted to introduce a liturgy on the English model into Scotland
29
Describe the Battle of killiecrankie
* During the first Jacobite Uprising,
* Defeat 7th May 1689 of General Mackay (for William of Orange) by John Graham of Claverhouse, a supporter of James II at Killicrankie Scotland
* Despite the Victory Claverhouse was Killed and the revolt soon petered out
* the remaining forces were routed on 21 August
30
Describe the House of Commons
* The Lower but more powerfull of the two Houses of Parliament
* it Consists of 650 Elected MP's each of which representitives a constituency
* Its functions are to debate and legislate, and to scrutinize the activities of the Government
31
Describe the Life of Benjamin Disraelli
* 1804 - 1881
* British Conservative Politician and Novelist
* Elected to Parliament 1837
* Chancellor of the Exchequer under Lord Derby
* Prime minister 1868 and 1874-80
* his imperialist policies brought India directly under the Crown, and was personally responsible for purchasing the Suez canal
* The Central Conservative Party organization is his creation
32
What was Lady Jane Grays claim to the Throne
She was the Grandaughter of Henry VII
33
Describe the Peninsular War
* 1808 - 1814
* War Caused by the Frence Emperor Napoleons incasion of portugal and Spain
* The Spanish rebelled against Napoleon Installation of his brother Joseph as a puppet kingof Spain
* A british Expeditionry force underSir Arthur Wellesley, combined with Spanish and Portuguese resistanc, succeded in defeating the French at Vimeiro 1808, Talavera 1809, Salamanca 1812 and vittoria 1813
* The Results were Inconclusive and the War was ended by Napoleons Abdication
34
Describe the Battle of Dettingen
* In the War of Austrian Succesion
* Battle in the Bavarian Village of Dettingan
* Fought in 1743 an Army of British, Hanovarians and Austrians under George II defeated the French
* This was the last Battle in which a British Soverign led his troops in person
35
Who was the Wife of King Edward II
Isabella of france
36
Describe the Battle of isandhlewana
* In the Anglo-Zulu War
* Zulu victoryover British Forces
* 22 January 1879
* Only 350 of troops of the original 1,800 escaped and the invasion of Zululandwas temporarily halted until reinforcements were recieved from Britain
37
From what years were the English Civil Wars Fought
1642 - 1651
38
What were the Corn Laws
* The Corn Laws were trade barriers designed to protect cereal producers in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland against competition from less expensive foreign imports between 1815 and 1846.
* The barriers were introduced by the Importation Act 1815 and repealed by the Importation Act 1846 These laws are often viewed as examples of British mercantilism,
* and their abolition marked a significant step towards free trade.
* The Corn Laws enhanced the profits and political power associated with land ownership
39
Describe the life of George Grenville
* 1712-1720
* British Whig politician, Prime minister and Chancellor of the Exchequer
* His Stamp Act of 1765 to raise revenue from the colonies was one of the causes of the American Revolution
* his Government was also responsible for prosecuting the radical john Wilkes
* his inept management of the Regency Act 1765 damaged his relationship with George IIIand he wasdismissed by the King
40
Which British Prime Minister led britain into the European Community in 1973
Edward Heath
41
What were the Causes of the Hundred years War
* Series of Conflicts between England and France
* 1337 - 1453
* Its origins lay with the English Kings possesions in Gascony (Southwest France), Which the French claimed as their fief
* And with trade rivalries over Flanders
* Caused by fears of French intervention in Scotland, which the English kings were trying to Subdue
* and by the Claim of Edward III to the French Crown
* through his Mother Isabel, Daughter of Charles IV
42
Who was King of Cotland from 971 - 995
Kenneth II
