BRIT 6 Labour

Question 1

Want KU

Answer 1

National Insurance 1946 - benefits for unemployed, sick, maternity
Industrial Injuries 1946 - financial relief for those absent due to injury
Paid higher than ordinary
Both compulsory

Question 2

Want A

Answer 2

NIA - ‘cradle to grave’
Protection throughout life
Single - 26S
Married - 42S
IIA - if breadwinner injured, less likely to fall into poverty

Question 3

Want A+

Answer 3

NIA supposed to be sufficient
Into operation 1948
Prices increased
Reducing purchasing power

Question 4

Want E

Answer 4

National Assistance Act 1948
Aid most vulnerable (homeless, single mothers, disabled)
Couldn’t afford NIA
“safety net” for issues not met by NIA

Question 5

Squalor KU

Answer 5

Slum housing - insect, toilets, ventilation, spirit
700,000 homes destroyed due to bombs
Population increase - further demand
Temporary accommodation

Question 6

Squalor A

Answer 6

Scarce materials allocated to authorities for housing
High standard - toilets, spacious, water
20,000 in 45
139,000 in 47
1mil in time of power

Question 7

Squalor A+

Answer 7

Couldn’t afford
750,000 fewer houses
Same homelessness levels in 31
Still in temporary accommodation

Question 8

Squalor E

Answer 8

New Towns Act 1946
14 new towns - Glenrothes EK
Government power for well planned towns - spacious and pleasant
Overcrowding reduced

Question 9

Ignorance KU

Answer 9

Based on intelligence
Smart = grammar
Less able = secondary modern
11+ exam to determine
G - well trained, smaller classes, resources
S - leave at 15

Question 10

Ignorance A

Answer 10

First time secondary education became a right for all
Poorer kids had chance for better schools through 11+
Exam was rewarding talent and hard work

Question 11

Ignorance A+

Answer 11

Lack of equality
G became prestigious S associated with less able
Widened social divide
11+ favoured middle class - pay for tutor
Unfair to determine future at 11

Question 12

Ignorance E

Answer 12

35,000 teacher trained under one-year emergency programme
Valued importance of good numbers

Question 13

Idleness KU

Answer 13

Unemployment high before WW2
War = unemployment gone
Maintain progress
Promise full employment
Want a job = gets one

Question 14

Idleness A

Answer 14

Jobs created
Nationalisation secured jobs
20% of industries for benefit of country
Less likely for bankrupt
Directly to benefit society
Increased uni funding

Question 15

Idleness A+

Answer 15

Nationalisation expensive
Funded by tax = no incentive to provide = inefficiency
Little credit for employment
Factors out with control

Question 16

Idleness E

Answer 16

Thane “a growing economy would take care of the remaining social problems”
Full employment by 1950 led to a belief that further, more radical social reforms were not needed to rid the social evils of society

Question 17

Disease KU

Answer 17

5th July 1948 with 3 aims
Comprehensive - treat all illnesses
Free - no costs
Universal access - available to all
Medical services free

Question 18

Disease A

Answer 18

Queues forming outside
Prescriptions by Sep 48 nearly double issues before
8 million dental
5 million spectacles issued
Services needed

Question 19

Disease A+

Answer 19

Huge demand
Only planned for 4 million dental
Far over budget - 1950 £358 mil a year
Charged prescriptions in 52
Failed an aim

Question 20

Disease E

Answer 20

Crowning glory of reforms
Alan Sked “revolutionary social innovation”
Improved quality of life
Remarkable achievement
Brits still feel proud today