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651 SA Midterm > Breeding Mgmt Dogs/Cats > Flashcards

Breeding Mgmt Dogs/Cats Flashcards

Dr. Podico

1
Q

3 risks related to breeding a young dog

A
  1. SIPS (subinvolution of the placental sites)
  2. Single-puppy syndrome
  3. too young to have completed breed specific testing
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2
Q

what stage of the cycle is best for breeding

A

estrus

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3
Q

are dogs spontaneous or induced ovulators?

A

spontaneous

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4
Q

are cats spontaneous or induced ovulators?

A

induced! (but 35-87% are spontaneous too)

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5
Q

how long between the LH surge and actually ovulation in the dog?

A

approximately 2 days

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6
Q

How long is proestrus, estrus, diestrus, and anestrus in the dog?

A

Proestrus = 0-27 days
Estrus = 4-24 days
Diestrus = 60 days
Anestrus = 2-10 months

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7
Q

infectious disease testing prior to breeding (2)

A

Brucellosis (B. canis) and Canine Herpesvirus

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8
Q

Best way to predict optimum breeding time?

A

determine DAY OF OVULATION

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9
Q

Most common cause of subfertility in the bitch?

A

mating/AI at the wrong time

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10
Q

Days to/from LH peak for Fertile Period

A

-3 to +10

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11
Q

Days to/from LH peak for Peak Fertility for Natural Mating or Fresh semen vs. Days when you should breed?

A

Fertile from 0 to +5, Breed at 0 to +4

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12
Q

Days to/from LH peak for Peak Fertility for frozen or thawed semen vs. Days when you should breed?

A

Fertile from +5 to +6, BREED at +2 to +4

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13
Q

Days to/from LH peak of Sperm Survival

A

+7

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14
Q

Days to/from LH peak of Oocyte Viability

A

+6 to +10

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15
Q

How many days for oocyte to mature after ovulation?

A

+2

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16
Q

Proestrus signs in dogs

A

edema in vulva, serosanguinous discharge, males interest, female NOT receptive

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17
Q

Estrus signs in dogs

A

soft/shrinky vulva, lighter discharge, female IS receptive

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18
Q

3 Reflexes for Receptivity in the Bitch

A

vulvar winking
tail flagging
ipsilateral limb flexion

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19
Q

5 Ways to Predict Optimal Breeding Time

A
  1. Estrogen conc
  2. LH surge
  3. Progesterone conc
  4. Exfoliative Vaginal Cytology
  5. Endoscopic Vaginal Examination
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20
Q

crenulation

A

the angulation of the vaginal folds during estrus

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21
Q

4 Main Cell Types

A
22
Q

cell type during anestrus

A

parabasal cells

23
Q

cell type during proestrus

A

nucleated intermediate cells

24
Q

cell type during estrus

A

anuclear cells

25
Q

cell type during diestrus

A

superficial cells

26
Q

the cell types that are cornified and large, irregular

A

anuclear (squame) and superficial

27
Q

the cell types that are non-cornified and smaller, round

A

parabasal and intermediate

28
Q

which cell has more cytoplasm - parabasal or intermediate?

A

intermediate

29
Q

fertile period coincides with ____% of cells being anuclear?

A

> 75% (but can vary)

30
Q

> 50% parabasal and intermediate cells on vaginal cytology indicates the bitch is at what phase of her cycle?

A

early days of diestrus (pretty accurate)

31
Q

which two optimal breeding time tests are the best

A

vaginal cytology and progesterone concentrations should be used together

32
Q

optimal breeding time determination when using endoscopy?

A

about four days after the start of mucosal shrinkage, or at the onset of crenulation

so ideally the end of the angulated phase/start of declining phase

33
Q

2 ways to induce estrus in the dog

A

dopamine agonists*
GnRH agonists

34
Q

what cells are these and what stage of the cycle are they seen in

A
35
Q

why is the LH surge not good for monitoring

A

it only lasts ~24hrs so you would have to sample every day and that’s just not feasible

36
Q

why is estrogen surge not good for monitoring

A

E2 drops too far ahead of ovulation to predict with any accuracy

37
Q

Breeding dose in the dog?

A
38
Q

54Ways to AI a Dog

A

vaginal insemination
transcervical (Norwegian catheter)
transcervical (endoscopic)
intrauterine (laparotomy)

39
Q

which AI method can only be done with fresh semen

A

vaginal insemination

40
Q

what AI method uses only frozen semen

A

intrauterine (laparotomy)

note: illegal in some countries!

41
Q

are cats long day or short day breeders

A

long day

seasonally polyestrus; can be even longer near the equator

42
Q

do cats always go through proestrus

A

no!
(can be 0-2 days)

43
Q

explain diestrus in the cat and why it’s weird

A

diestrus varies in length based on whether or not there was a successful mating; they can spontaneously ovulate during this period too
pregnant = 60 days
not pregnant = 40 days

44
Q

how many times does a cat mate to induce ovulation in 100% of queens?

A

4

you will only get ovulation in 50% with 1 mating

45
Q

3 ways to monitor cat breeding time

A

behavior **
vaginal cytology
transabdominal u/s

vaginal cytology is different and not as accurate as in the dog

46
Q

Explain:

Cat Estrous Cycle

A
47
Q

the most sensitive and earliest indicator of follicular activity and proestrus in cats?

occurs in 1/3 of queens

A

clearing

what is this? good question

48
Q

who has a LONGER breeding season - long-haired or short-haired cats?

A

short haired

48
Q

definition

polytocous

A

litter-bearing

48
Q

what phase of the estrous cycle is shown in these two endoscopic images of the vagina

A

Left = Proestrus (edematous)
Right = Estrus (crenulated)

651 SA Midterm (2 decks)

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