Breeding Equation & Genotype by environment interaction Flashcards

1
Q

What is the BASIC breeding equation?

A

P = G + E

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2
Q

What does P mean in the P = G+E?

A

Phenotype/performance

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3
Q

What does G mean in the P = G+E?

A

Genotype

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4
Q

What does E mean in the P = G+E?

A

Environment

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5
Q

What is the breeding equation with the genotype by environment interaction (GEI)?

A

P = G + E + (GxE)

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6
Q

True or False. Environment can only inhibit the genetic potential of an animal

A

False. Environment can either inhibit or optimize genetic potential

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7
Q

What is constant in the breeding equation?

A

Genotype

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8
Q

What is variable in the breeding equation?

A

Environment

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9
Q

What is an example of an environmental factor?

A

Nutrition, weather/climate, management, time, location, housing

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10
Q

True or False. Some genotypes do not have positive interactions with some environments

A

True!

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11
Q

True or False. Producers will first try to control the environment rather than their genetics.

A

True! The environment can be easier to manage first prior to genetics

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12
Q

How many genotypes are needed to identify a GEI?

A

At least two genotypes and two environments

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13
Q

Phenotype can be defined as:

A

Any observed category or measured level of performance for a trait.

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14
Q

Genotype can be defined as:

A

The measure of the influence of every gene carried by the individual.

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15
Q

True or False. Genotype has no effect on phenotype

A

False!

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16
Q

Define Environment:

A

Any external, non-genetic factor that affects phenotype

17
Q

What is the equation for G (genotype)?

A

G = P - E

18
Q

Define Gene by Environment Interaction (GEI).

A

The difference in average performance of two different genotypes is different in two different environments.

19
Q

True or False. Environmental affect and GEI are the same.

A

False!

20
Q

Define Genetic Potential.

A

The highest level of performance that the particular genetic group could achieve if all external factors were optimal.