Breathing Patterns, Lung Sounds Flashcards
tachypnea
rapid, shallow breathing
hyperventilation
rapid, deep breathing
bradypnea
slow breathing, normal depth
hypoventilation
shallow, irregular/slow breathing
apnea
cessation of breathing
Cheyne-Stokes respiration
periods of apnea alternating regularly with periods of increasing and decreasing rate
Biot’s breathing
…
chronic obstructive breathing
long, ineffective expiratory phase with shallow, increased respirations; causes air trapping
resonant
medium-loud low-pitch clear, hollow moderate length e.g. normal lung tissue
hyper-resonant
louder lower-pitch booming longer e.g. abnormal adult lung, normal child lung
tympany
loud high-pitch musical/drum-like long e.g. air-filled viscous
dull
soft and short
high-pitch
muffled thud
e.g. dense organ
flat
very soft and short
high-pitch
dull
e.g. muscle, bone, tumor
normal bronchial sound
high-pitched, loud
inspiration is shorter than expiration
harsh, hollow, tubular
location: trachea, larynx
normal bronchovesicular sound
moderate pitch and amplitude
inspiration = expiration
location: major bronchi
normal vesicular sound
low-pitch, soft
inspiration is longer than expiration
rustling
location: peripheral lung fields
fine crackles
high-pitched, soft, brief crackling sounds
due to deflated alveoli popping open during inspration
course crackles
low-pitched, moist, longer crackling sounds, like velcro
due to air flowing through secretions
friction rub
loud, course, low-pitched grating or creaking sound
wheeze
high-pitched wheezing/whistling sound
rhonchi
low-pitched wheeze/snoring sound
stridor
loud, high-pitched crowing/honking sound
