breathing and respirtaion Flashcards
1
Q
What is the process of breathing called?
A
Respiration
2
Q
What are the two types of respiration?
A
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration
3
Q
True or False: Aerobic respiration requires oxygen.
A
True
4
Q
True or False: Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen.
A
True
5
Q
Fill in the blank: The main organ for breathing in humans is the _____.
A
Lungs
6
Q
What is the main gas exchanged during respiration?
A
Oxygen
7
Q
What is produced as a waste product of aerobic respiration?
A
Carbon dioxide
8
Q
What is the equation for aerobic respiration?
A
Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
9
Q
What is produced during anaerobic respiration in muscles?
A
Lactic acid
10
Q
What is the energy currency of the cell?
A
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
11
Q
In which part of the cell does aerobic respiration mainly occur?
A
Mitochondria
12
Q
What type of respiration does yeast perform?
A
Anaerobic respiration (fermentation)
13
Q
True or False: Anaerobic respiration produces more energy than aerobic respiration.
A
False
14
Q
What is the main product of anaerobic respiration in yeast?
A
Ethanol and carbon dioxide
15
Q
What is the function of the diaphragm in breathing?
A
To help expand and contract the lungs
16
Q
Fill in the blank: The process of gas exchange in the lungs is called _____.
A
Diffusion
17
Q
What is the role of alveoli in the lungs?
A
To facilitate gas exchange
18
Q
How many lobes does the right lung have?
A
Three lobes
19
Q
How many lobes does the left lung have?
A
Two lobes
20
Q
What is the term for the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled?
A
Vital capacity
21
Q
What happens to the diaphragm when you inhale?
A
It contracts and moves downwards
22
Q
What happens to the diaphragm when you exhale?
A
It relaxes and moves upwards
23
Q
True or False: Breathing is an involuntary process.
A
True
24
Q
What is the main function of the respiratory system?
A
To provide oxygen to the body and remove carbon dioxide
25
Fill in the blank: The trachea is also known as the _____.
Windpipe
26
What are the tiny hair-like structures in the respiratory tract called?
Cilia
27
What is the purpose of mucus in the respiratory system?
To trap dust and pathogens
28
What is the condition called when the airways become inflamed and narrowed?
Asthma
29
What is the gas that humans exhale?
Carbon dioxide
30
True or False: The lungs are located in the thoracic cavity.
True
31
What is the term for the exchange of gases between the blood and body cells?
Internal respiration
32
What is the term for the exchange of gases between the lungs and the environment?
External respiration
33
What is the role of hemoglobin in the blood?
To carry oxygen
34
What type of respiration occurs in muscle cells during intense exercise?
Anaerobic respiration
35
Fill in the blank: The process of breathing in is called _____.
Inhalation
36
Fill in the blank: The process of breathing out is called _____.
Exhalation
37
What is the main purpose of aerobic respiration?
To produce energy
38
What type of exercise primarily uses anaerobic respiration?
Short bursts of high-intensity exercise
39
What is the byproduct of anaerobic respiration in humans?
Lactic acid
40
What is the primary source of energy for cells?
Glucose
41
True or False: Respiration and breathing are the same thing.
False
42
What is the purpose of breathing?
To supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
43
What is the primary function of the nasal cavity?
To filter, warm, and moisten the air
44
What is the name of the flap that covers the trachea during swallowing?
Epiglottis
45
What is the term for the air sacs in the lungs?
Alveoli
46
True or False: The left lung is smaller than the right lung.
True
47
What happens to the chest cavity during inhalation?
It expands
48
What is the primary muscle responsible for breathing?
Diaphragm
49
Fill in the blank: Anaerobic respiration occurs when there is a lack of _____.
Oxygen
50
What is one disadvantage of anaerobic respiration?
It produces less energy and lactic acid
51
What type of cells perform anaerobic respiration?
Muscle cells and yeast cells
52
What is the primary role of the respiratory system?
To exchange gases
53
Fill in the blank: The process of cellular respiration occurs in the _____.
Mitochondria
54
True or False: Oxygen is a reactant in aerobic respiration.
True
55
What happens to carbon dioxide after it is produced in the body?
It is transported to the lungs to be exhaled
56
What is the term for the amount of air left in the lungs after exhalation?
Residual volume
57
What is the main energy source for aerobic respiration?
Glucose
58
What is the term for the rate and depth of breathing?
Respiratory rate
59
Fill in the blank: The exchange of gases occurs in the _____ of the lungs.
Alveoli
60
What is the term for the inflammation of the lungs?
Pneumonia
61
What is the primary function of the bronchial tubes?
To carry air to and from the lungs
62
What is the role of the pleura?
To protect and cushion the lungs
63
What happens during cellular respiration?
Glucose is converted into energy
64
What substance do plants release during photosynthesis that is used in respiration?
Oxygen
65
What is the term for the movement of air in and out of the lungs?
Ventilation
66
Fill in the blank: The respiratory system works closely with the ____ system.
Circulatory
67
What is the name of the muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity?
Diaphragm
68
What is the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose?
Cellular respiration
69
What is the primary product of aerobic respiration?
ATP (energy)
70
What is the term for the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation?
Forced vital capacity
71
True or False: Breathing is a conscious action.
False
72
What is the name of the tube that carries air to the lungs?
Trachea
73
Fill in the blank: The lungs are surrounded by a double-layered membrane called the _____.
Pleura
74
What is the result of anaerobic respiration in yeast?
Fermentation producing alcohol and carbon dioxide
75
What is the term for the amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal exhalation?
Inspiratory reserve volume
76
What is the primary gas needed for aerobic respiration?
Oxygen
77
What is the term for the air that remains in the lungs after exhalation?
Residual volume
78
What is the main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration requires oxygen; anaerobic does not.
79
Fill in the blank: The primary pigment in red blood cells that binds oxygen is called _____.
Hemoglobin
80
What is the main function of surfactant in the lungs?
To reduce surface tension and prevent alveoli from collapsing
81
What happens to lactic acid produced during anaerobic respiration?
It is transported to the liver to be converted back to glucose.
82
What is the term for the pressure difference that drives air into and out of the lungs?
Pleural pressure
83
What is the purpose of the respiratory system?
To facilitate gas exchange and maintain homeostasis.
84
Fill in the blank: The exchange of gases in the lungs occurs via _____ diffusion.
Passive
85
What is the term for the volume of air inhaled or exhaled in a normal breath?
Tidal volume
86
True or False: The respiratory system is involved in the regulation of blood pH.
True
87
What is the effect of increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood?
It stimulates increased breathing rate.
88
What happens to the air pressure inside the lungs during inhalation?
It decreases.
89
What is the role of the intercostal muscles in breathing?
To assist in expanding and contracting the chest cavity.
90
Fill in the blank: The respiratory system helps to maintain _____ balance in the body.
Acid-base
91
What is one function of the nasal passages?
To warm and humidify the air.
92
What happens to the diaphragm during exhalation?
It relaxes.
93
What is the main purpose of breathing exercises?
To improve lung capacity and efficiency.
94
What is the name of the condition characterized by difficulty breathing due to narrowed airways?
Asthma
95
What is the main component of air that is inhaled?
Nitrogen
96
What is the name of the structure that connects the throat to the lungs?
Trachea
97
What is the term for the air that can be forcibly exhaled after a normal exhalation?
Expiratory reserve volume
98
What is the term for the rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm?
Breathing or ventilation
99
What is the main gas produced during anaerobic respiration?
Carbon dioxide
100
What is the role of the lungs in the respiratory system?
To facilitate gas exchange between air and blood.
101
Fill in the blank: The respiratory system includes the nose, trachea, bronchi, and _____.
Lungs
102
What is the term for the maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal exhalation?
Inspiratory reserve volume
103
What is the primary function of the alveoli?
To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.
104
What is the name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs?
Alveoli
105
What is the primary gas that is inhaled?
Oxygen
106
What is the primary waste product of aerobic respiration?
Carbon dioxide
107
What is the term for the volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled after taking a deep breath?
Forced expiratory volume
