Breathing and Respiratory system Flashcards
What is respiration?
Respiration – refers to the chemical changes that take place in cells to release energy.
What are the organs in the respiratory system?
Nasal cavity (space inside the nose), Epiglottis, Pharynx (tube that starts behind the nose and leads into the Larynx and trachea and eosophagus), Larynx (voice box), Trachea (wind pipe), Bronchus, Intercostal muscles (expands and contracts the ribs), Lung, Rib, Alveoli, Diaphragm
Where does air go?
When traveling up your nose, cilia along with mucus is used to trap fine particles. The trapped mucus and bacteria then travel to the back of the nose and into the pharynx. Warm moist air then travels down the trachea (windpipe). The thin walls of the trachea are reinforce with rings of firm elastic material called cartilage which keeps your trachea from collapsing. The trachea divides into two bronchi, which then divide into even smaller tubes called bronchioles, and end at a cluster of sacs called alveoli.
Travels up your nose, into trachea, into bronchi, into bronchioles, and into alveoli.
What is cilia?
Cilia – are fine hairs that line your nostrils. Together with mucus they trap dust, and bacteria.
What is alveoli and what is the process of alveoli?
Alveoli – Are microscopic and about 600 million of them make up your lungs. The alveoli has a very large surface are which allows gas to easily be exchanged between the lungs and the bloodstream.
Process of alveoli - Cells use oxygen to release energy from food. As they do thus carbon dioxide is produced. Carbon dioxide is a waste product that your body needs to get rid of.
What happens in the cells to create respiration?
Respiration begins when oxygen and glucose are in the cells together which causes the two chemicals to react together. This reaction produces carbon dioxide and water in the reaction which releases energy.
Oxygen + Glucose -> Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
Oxygen + Glucose = Energy
What happens if you do not consume enough energy?
The amount of energy you receive in your food needs to manage the amount of energy you consume. When you consume more nutrients than what your body requires, it is converted into fat. If you take in less energy in your food than your body requires, you will use fat stores (stores of energy) and lose mass, which leads to weaker muscles including heart muscles. To get more oxygen you have to breath in quicker and deeper. To achieve this, you need to build up your heart muscles and other ones.
