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Semester 5 PMCP Exam 2 > Breath Sounds > Flashcards

Breath Sounds Flashcards

1
Q

How do ventilation and airflow rate changes affect breath sound intensity

A

Intensity is increased with a bigger amount of air

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2
Q

With breath sounds, what are we listening to

A

Turbulence of air flowing into and out of the lungs

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3
Q

Louder in larger or smaller airways

A

Larger airways are louder, don’t hear as much in the smaller airways

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4
Q

What is best position for listening to breath sounds

A

Sitting up

Gravity is pressing on the alveoli when on side or laying down

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5
Q

How to have them breathe

A

In and out of mouth to get the most air in and out

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6
Q

Normal breath sounds

A

Bronchial
Bronchovesicular
Vesicular

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7
Q

Bronchial breath sounds are heard where

A

Around the neck/trachea

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8
Q

Bronchovesicular sounds are where

A

Around the main stem bronchi - these are the bigger airways

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9
Q

Vesicular sounds are heard where

A

periphery of the lung

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10
Q

Lungs go up to where and down to where

A

Up above clavice

Down to 7th/8th rib - below that will get bowel sounds

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11
Q

On the back side - what sounds do you hear

A

BV and V

There are no bronchial!

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12
Q

How many sounds on the front

A

11

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13
Q

How many sounds on the back

A

14

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14
Q

Overtime what is the goal with the breath sounds - should be able to get what in one breath

A

sounds 1-4 with one breath in and out because they are the same lobe

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15
Q

Where to start with breath sounds - sequence of it

A

Best to start on R, but dont have to

Would go R - L and then drop down L - R and so on

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16
Q

Which side goes down lower for breath sounds

A

R goes down lower because heart is on the left side

R has 3 lobes

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17
Q

Bronchial - normal breath sound - what will it sound like

A

break between inhalation and exhalation

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18
Q

BV sound - what will it sound like

A

Not as much of a break - equal amounts of time with inhalation and exhalation - little bit lower of a pitch

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19
Q

V sound - what will is sound like

A

Hear more inhalation rather than exhalation - air is not as turbulent coming out because it is more of a passive process to get air out of the lungs

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20
Q

Bronchial - what is the pitch

A

High pitched

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21
Q

Bronchial - sound is described as

A

Tracheal because of the position

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22
Q

Bronchovesicular pitch

A

High pitched - but lower than Bronchial

No pause

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23
Q

BV - heard best when

A

lung tissue is close to the surface - can have pt lean forward a little bit

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24
Q

Where is BV louder

A

Typically louder on the back because the front has girth and stuff

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25
Which is louder BV sound - the right or the left
The right because of the main stem bronchi position - more vertical on the R so the air is louder and more turbulent Remember this is normal for R BV to be a bit louder than L on the back
26
Vesicular - what is the sound
``` softer sound (because smaller airways) Heard over the remaining peripheral lung ```
27
Vesicular - longer inhalation or exhalation
longer inhalation
28
Vesicular - special population
Infants and children have louder, harsher breath sounds because of their chest wall and airway being closer to the surface
29
How does the cardiac cycle affect normal breath sound intensity - louder with systole or diastole
Systole
30
Abnormal sounds
Bronchial Decreased Absent
31
Bronchial breath sounds - abnormal - occur in
peripheral lung tissue when it becomes airless - either partially or completely
32
Bronchial breath sounds - abnormal - occur because of
obstruction from secretions or compression from an extrapulmonary source (fluid or tumor)
33
Bronchial breath sounds - abnormal - AKA
tubular
34
If someone has a glob of mucous stuck in their lung - what will happen with the sound
The bronchial breath sound will be loudest in that one spot because the consolidation is occupying a space and actually causes sound to be transmitted better
35
What happens to the sounds around the area of consolidation
If big area - can lead to the rest of the lung being decreased or absent because it is blocking air from getting to those places If small - can lead to areas that are decreased and others that are fine because some air is still making it through
36
Pneumothorax - what happens
air pressing in - so it will be absent
37
Pleural effusion - what happens
decreased or absent - now there is fluid in the lung
38
Fluid in the lung and Increased air in the lung can both lead to
decreased or absent breath sound | But whatever is compressed will be louder n that one spot
39
Decreased or absent breath sounds - can be caused by what
Internal pulmonary pathology or can be secondary to a nonpulmonary condition
40
Examples of internal pulmonary pathology
Emphysema | Pulmonary fibrosis
41
Examples of extrapulmonary pathology
Tumor | Neuromuscular weakness and deformities
42
What happens with COPD patients - breath sounds
The alveoli in the bottom of the lung are collapsed so they are airless - absent breath sounds Barrel chest Nothing is pressing on it - so now bronchial sounds - it is just completely collapsed so sounds are absent
43
Pulmonary fibrosis - what happens to breath sounds
Ca comes up and has fibrosed now so you might have the bronchial sounds, but if it is blocking something then it will be absent where the air is not getting to
44
If blocking something - more solid =
transmitting your sound better in that specific area - bronchial sound
45
If creating more air - or is airless =
absent or diminished
46
Diaphragm paralysis - what happens
The diaphragm and lungs wont come down like they should when the pt inhales so you will have absent sounds there too - and because the lung is not expanding
47
What happens with kyphosis
Kyphosis will squish the bottom so might have absent sounds at the bottom
48
Absent or diminished breath sounds - related to
``` Shallow breathing Diaphragmatic paralysis Airway obstruction Pneumothorax Pleural effusion Obestiy Hyperinflated lungs (COPD/Emphysema) ```
49
Voice transmission - used when
need for further evaluation after having heard abnormal breath sounds either due to increased or decreased transmission
50
Types of voice transmission
Egophany Bronchophany Whispered Pectoriloquy
51
Egophany - having the patient say
e but it comes out a | This one is said to be good for pleural effusion detection
52
Bronchophany - having the patient say
99 - hear 99 if abnormal, but if normal will sound muffled and low pitched
53
Whispered pectoriloquy - having the patient
whisper 1, 2, 3
54
Can you have more than one of the voice transmission sounds at a time
YES
55
Adventitious breath sounds are what
extraneous noises produced over the bronchopulmonary tree | They are superimposed on normal breath sounds
56
Adventitious breath sounds are indicative of what
an abnormal process or condition
57
Classification of adventitious breath soudns
Crackle (rales) Ronchi Wheezes
58
Crackles - description
Discontinuous, low pitched
59
Crackles - heard primarily during
inhalation
60
Crackles - thought that the sound is coming from the
airways snapping open
61
Crackles - usually heard where
peripheral vesicular airway
62
Rhonchi - description
low pitched, but continuous
63
Rhonchi - occur during
inspiration and expiration
64
Rhonchi - sounds like
snoring
65
Rhonchi - associated with
obstructive process in the larger, more central airways
66
Rhonchi compared to Crackles - location
Rhonchi more in bigger airway spots, crackles in smaller alveoli spots
67
Wheezes - description
continuous but high pitched
68
Wheezes occur during
expiration
69
Wheezes are indicative of
bronchospasms
70
Wheezes - if heard on inspiration might be from
air moving through secretions
71
Example of when might hear wheezing
Asthmatic patient | Trouble getting air in
72
What does wheezing sound like
Musical on expiration
73
Pleural Friction Rub - heard where
lower lateral chest areas
74
What does pleural friction rub sound like
Sounds like two pieces of leather being rubbed together
75
Pleural friction rub occurs when
with each inspiration and expiration
76
What is the sound with pleural friction rub coming from
the rubbing of the outer portion of the lung tissue with the pleural cavity - inflammatory process Can be spontaneous, can come and go, can have it for long time
77
Why is this information helpful to us
Exercise tolerance Tx itnerventions Reassessment Goal setting

Semester 5 PMCP Exam 2 (6 decks)

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