Breast Ultrasound Flashcards
Which % of intraductal cancers are circular or oval shaped as opposed to stellate or spiculated? A) 10% B) 25% C) 33% D) 50% E) 75%
C) 33%
At what rate is sound attenuated by breast tissue? A) 0.5 dB/cm/MHz B) 0.5 dB/cm C) 5 dB/cm/kHz D) 5 dB/cm E) 1dB/cm/MHz
A) 0.5 dB/cm/MHz
Power / beam area =
Intensity
Which subset of invasive breast lesions makes up to 65-80% of all mammary carcinomas?
Invasive ductal
In general the AIUM statement on bio effects report that “no bio effects reported with unfocused beams at intensities below _______” A) 100 mW/cm2 B) 100 mW/cm C) 100 W/cm2 D) 100 W/cm
A) 100 mW/cm2
What is often referred to as “lobular neoplasia”?
LCIS
Of the following U/S characteristics, which may be used as a fairly reliable indicator of a benign vs. malignant lesion? A) size, shape, and orientation B) effect of lesion on surrounding tissue planes C) absence of microcalcifications D) a & b E) a, b & c
D) a & b size, shape, orientation and effect of lesion on surrounding tissue planes
Refraction is A) reflection of sound at the interface of two different acoustic medium B) bending of sound beam at tissue interface C) ratio of reflected to incident sound D) none of the above
B) bending of sound beam at tissue interface
Which is/are true of LCIS? A) patients often undergo B/L mastectomies B) LCIS is most common in postmenopausal women C) LCIS has typical mammographic appearance D) a & b E) a, b, & c
A) patients often undergo B/L mastectomies
Echo palpation is…
Simultaneous palpation of the breast with one hand while scanning the breast with the other
Which statement about dynamic range is false? A) the dynamic range of an U/S system may be 100:1 B) the TGC of the system allows U/S to compensate for the dynamic range of returning echoes C) dynamic range is a measure of the range of the weakest and strongest echo signals an U/S system can detect D) dynamic range may be described in units of decibels E) none of the above
E) none of the above
In situ means the lesion is typically A) non-invasive B) precancerous C) capable of metastasis D) a & b E) a, b, & c
D) a & b non-invasive and precancerous
Which of the following affect lateral resolution? A) transducer frequency B) transducer focal length C) PRF D) a & b E) a, b & c
D) a & b transducer frequency and transducer focal length
When imaging breast implants with MRI for evidence of failure, the best results are obtained A) enhancing the images with contrast B) acquiring the images in the sagittal plane C) using CC and MLO projections D) a & b E) a, b & c
B) acquiring the images in the sagittal plane
High quality mammography has affected the detection of which the most? A) LCIS B) infiltrating ductal ca C) DCIS D) invasive lobular ca E) none of the above
C) DCIS
Of the following, the least invasive is: A) LCIS B) invasive lobular ca C) medullary ca D) invasive ductal ca E) Paget’s
A) LCIS
Which breast zone(s) contain little or no fat? A) area beneath nipple/areola B) mammary layer in 55 y.o. patient C) retromammary layer D) a & b E) a, b & c
A) area beneath nipple/areola
U/S guided biopsy needle approach is parallel…A) to follow needle in real time B) to avoid puncture of pleural space C) when lesion is superficial D) a & b E) a, b & c
D) a & b to follow needle in real time and to avoid puncture of pleural space
10 MHz transducer typically has an axial resolution of approximately A) 0.02 mm B) 0.2 mm C) 2.0 mm D) 2 cm
B) 0.2 mm
Current high resolution breast U/S transducers are focused in the _______ range A) 0.5-1.0 cm B) 1.0-3.0 cm C) 3.0-5.0 cm D) 5.0-7.5 cm
B) 1.0-3.0 cm
Which sources of arterial blood to the breast are least important in terms of volume of blood supplied? A) perforating arteries B) external mammary artery C) intercostal arteries D) internal mammary artery
A) perforating arteries
Propagation speed of U/S in a vacuum is…
Impossible-can’t propagate
Underlying medical conditions associated with gynecomastia include…A) testicular tumors B) liver cirrhosis C) substance abuse D) a & b E) a, b & c
E) a, b & c testicular tumors, liver cirrhosis, and substance abuse
True regarding ductography…A) usually performed on patients with single ductal discharge and normal mammo B) 20-40 ml of contrast is used C) following contrast injection the ducts are imaged using mammo, U/S or MRI D) a & b E) a, b & c
A) usually performed on patients with single ductal discharge and normal mammo
Which of the following benign lesions can fill a surgical cavity? A) hematoma B) oil cyst C) seroma D) a & b E) a, b & c
E) a, b & c hematoma, oil cyst, seroma
The strength of echoes returning from Rayleigh scatters is A) proportional to the propagation speed raised to the 4th power B) proportional to the frequency raised to the 4th power C) inversely proportional to the frequency raised to the 4th power D) inversely proportional to the propagation speed raised to the 4th power E) none of the above
B) proportional to the frequency raised to the 4th power
Breast within a breast
Hamartoma (fibroadenolipoma)
Presence of free air within a breast mass is most indicative of which of the following lesions A) abscess B) contusion C) gynecomastia D) oil cyst E) none of the above
A) abscess
In the Doppler equation the Doppler signal is the result of A) frequency changes in the incident U/S beam caused by variations in transmission medium B) frequency changes in the reflected U/S beam caused by varying acoustical impedances C) frequency changes in the reflected U/S beam caused by the motion of acoustic reflectors D) frequency changes in the incident U/S beam caused by a change in transducer frequency E) b & c
C) frequency changes in the reflected U/S beam caused by the motion of acoustic reflectors
Which of the following is the most common breast biopsy method in use today A) FNA B) open surgical biopsy C) cyst aspiration D) a, b & c
B) open surgical biopsy
