breast feeding problems Flashcards

1
Q

what are minor breastfeeding problems?

A

frequent feeding - alone is not a sign of low milk supply

nipple pain

blocked duct

nipple candidiasis

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2
Q

when do you treat with mastitis?

A

if systemically unwell

nipple fissures

sx do not improve after 12-24 hours of effective mil removal of it culture indicates infection k

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3
Q

1st line abx for mastitis?

A

flucloxacillin 10-14 days

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4
Q

should you breastfeed or express during tx?

A

yes

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5
Q

what happens if mastitis is left untreated?

A

develop into breast abscess

then may require I&d

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6
Q

what does breast engorgement cause?

A

breast pain in breast feeding women

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7
Q

when does breast engorgement usually occur?

A

1st few days after the infant is born

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8
Q

does breast engorgement affect 1 or both breasts?

A

both

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9
Q

when is the pain worse for breast engorgement?

A

just before and feed

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10
Q

what is milk flow like with breast engorgement?

A

poor

infant might find it difficult to attach and suckle

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11
Q

what symptoms do women experience with engorgment?

A

pain

fever

redness

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12
Q

complications of engorgement

A

blocked milk ducts

mastitis

difficulties with breastfeeding and milk supply

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13
Q

what may relieve the discomfort of engorgement?

A

hand expression of milk

maybe initially painful

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14
Q

what is the pain like in raynauds disease of the nipple?

A

intermittent

present during and immediately after feeds

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15
Q

what are the symptoms of raynauds disease of the nipple

A

blanching of the nipple

cyanosis

erythema

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16
Q

Mx of raynauds of the nipple

A

minimising exposure to cold

heat packs following breastfeed

avoiding caffeine

stop smoking

17
Q

Mx of persistent raynauds disease

A

trial of oral nifedipine

18
Q

how much weight to babies lose in the first week of life

A

more than 10%

19
Q

breastfeeding contraindications

A
  1. drugs
  2. galactosaemia
  3. viral infections
20
Q

which drugs can be given whilst breastfeeding?

A

antibiotics: penicillins, cephalosporins, trimethoprim
endocrine: glucocorticoids (avoid high doses), levothyroxine*
epilepsy: sodium valproate, carbamazepine
asthma: salbutamol, theophyllines
psychiatric drugs: tricyclic antidepressants, antipsychotics**
hypertension: beta-blockers, hydralazine
anticoagulants: warfarin, heparin
digoxin

21
Q

which drugs should be avoided during breast feeding?

A

antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, sulphonamides
psychiatric drugs: lithium, benzodiazepines, clozapine
aspirin
carbimazole
methotrexate
sulfonylureas
cytotoxic drugs
amiodarone