Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

FINALS: Breast Diseases > breast diseases > Flashcards

breast diseases Flashcards

1
Q

‘prickly’ skin changes on the breast not involving the nipple. What is it caused by? What is it associated with?

A

peau d’orange
blocked lymphatic drainage
breat cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

hard, mobile lump on breast following trauma

A

fat necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

smooth, mobile lump in lobule (deep)

A

fibroadenoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

fluid filled lump in lobule (deep)

A

breast cyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

breastmilk filled lobular lump (deep)

A

galactocele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

soft mobile lump just under skin

A

loipoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

nipple changes that show ulcerated nipple. What is it associated with?

A

pagets disease of the nipple
breast cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

1st line for oestrogen-receptive positive breast cancer in
1. premenopausal women
2. postmenopausal women

A
  1. premenopausal women: tamoxifen
  2. postmenopausal women: aromatase inhibitors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

‘halo’ appearance on mammography is associated with

A

breast cysts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is duct ectasia?

A

As women progress through the menopause the breast ducts shorten and dilate. In some women this may cause a green nipple discharge and slit like retraction of the nipple. No specific treatment is required.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Adversre effects of tamoxifen

A
  1. menstrual disturbance: vaginal bleeding, amenorrhoea
  2. hot flushes
  3. VTEs
  4. endometrial cancer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

examples of aromatase inhibitors + SEs

A

anastrozole, letrozole
they work by reducing peripheral oestrogen synthesis

osteoporosis, hot flushes, arthralgia, myalgia, insomnia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

[benign breast lesions] how to differentiate and treat
1. fibroandenoma
2. breast cyst
3. fat necrosis
4. duct papilloma

A
  1. fibroandenoma: mobile, firm lump, excise if >3cm
  2. breast cyst: mooth, discrete, fluctuant lump, aspirate. If bloody aspirate then biopsy and excise.
  3. fat necrosis: imaging and core biopsy
  4. duct papilloma: nipple discharge, microdochectomy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

biological therapy for breast cancer

A

trastuzumab (Herceptin) in HER2 positive tumours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

breast cancer screening - who is it offered to? how often?

A

women 50-70
every 3 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

‘lumpy’, painful breast which is worse before menstruation

A

Fibroadenosis

17
Q

blood-stained nipple discharge with no lump =

A

duct papilloma

18
Q

more common in lactating women, present with red, hot tender swelling

A

breast abscess

19
Q

young female patient with breast inflammation, smoking and breast abscess

A

Periductal mastitis

20
Q

‘snow storm’ appearance on US of axillary lymph nodes is suggestive of what?

A

Extracapsular breast implant rupture

21
Q

How should breast cancer women be managed before surgery?

A

If no palpable lymph nodes: pre axillary US scan -> if negative -> sentinel node biopsy
If lymphadenopathy is present -> axillary node clearance is needed at surgery

22
Q

What side effect is common with axillary lymph node clearance?

A

Arm lymphedema and functional arm impairment

23
Q

What is the mechanism of action of tamoxifen?

A

Oestrogen receptor selective antagonism

24
Q

How should suspected Pages be managed?

A

Needs referral to breast clinic

25
Q

Discharge from multiple ducts?

A

Duct ectasia

26
Q

Single duct discharge which has small amounts of blood on testing?

A

Intraductal papilloma

27
Q

Microdochectomy can be used as a treatment for duct ectasia in who?

A

Young women

28
Q

Most common type of breast cancer?

A

Invasive ductal carcinoma

29
Q

Erythematous, oedematous breast with no signs of infection?

A

Think inflammatory breast cancer

30
Q

What marker may be raised with inflammatory breast cancer?

A

CA 15-3

31
Q

Which dermatome is the nipple?

A

T4

32
Q

Acute side effects of radiotherapy?

A
  • Fatigue
  • Hair loss
  • Sore throat
  • Pain at site
  • Skin changes
33
Q

What are long term complications of radiotherapy?

A
  • Lymphoedema
  • Delayed healing
  • Chronic skin changes
  • Osteoporosis
  • Neuro signs
34
Q

Management of patients who have had wide local excision?

A

Whole breast radiotherapy

35
Q

What is the inheritance of someone with BRCA?

A

50% chance of children inheriting

36
Q

Duct like structure with regular columnar cells and fibrous tissue?

A

Fibroadenoma

37
Q

How often should women with BRCA11 be screened?

A

Annually with MRI

38
Q

What should be done before starting someone on Herceptin?

A

Echo -> can cause cardiomyopathy

39
Q

Which breast cancer medication can cause heart failure?

A

Trastuzumab

FINALS: Breast Diseases (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions