Breast Disease Flashcards
1
Q
Breast lump
A
Carcinoma
Cyst
Fibroadenoma
Fibroadenosis
2
Q
Breast cancer risk factors
A
Previous history Increasing age Family history in a first degree relative BRCA1, BRCA2 and TP53 Never having children/first child after 30 Not breast-feeding Early menarche Late menopause Continuous combined HRT Radiation to chest High alcohol intake Men with gynaecomastia
3
Q
Breast cancer clinical features
A
Lump (sometimes painful) Nipple change Nipple discharge Skin contour changes Breast pain (rarely alone)
4
Q
Features of a breast lump - malignant
A
Hard consistency Painless Irregular margins Fixation to skin or chest wall Skin dimpling may occur Bloody unilateral discharge May be nipple retraction
5
Q
Breast cyst
A
Most common aged 40-45 (also 30-40)
Most common just before the menopause, don’t tend to persist or occur after the menopause
Well circumcised, firm but not hard, mobile, larger just before period
Can be painful, especially in first half of menstrual cycle
In symptomatic lumps, drain under local anaesthetic
6
Q
Fibroadenoma
A
‘Breast mouse’
Benign, comprised of stromal and epithelial elements
Tend to regress after menopause
Increased risk of breast cancer
Mobile, well defined, lumpy, lobulated
More tender at certain times of the month
7
Q
Discharge
A
Blood-stained: • Duct papilloma • Intraduct carcinoma • Paget's disease Clear: • Intraduct papilloma Multi-coloured: • Duct ectasia Milky: • Galactorrhoea Purulent: •Breast abscess
