Breast cancer placement Flashcards
How would you describe a lump?
SSS, CCCC, TTTT, PS
site, size, shape
colour, contour, consistency, compressibility
temperature, tenderness, tethering, transilluminate
pulsality and spread
or 5Ss - site, size, surface, shape, surrounding structures
What are some common benign breast problems?
cysts implant problems mastitis peripheral, lactational or peri-areolar sepsis fibroadenoma hormonal changes mammary duct ectasia seroma hyperplasia breast abscess fat necrosis
What age is breast screening and how often is it?
age 50-70
every 3 years
What are some genetic mutations that increase risk of breast cancer?
PALB 2
BRCA 1/2
family history
What are some risk factors for breast cancer?
1st degree relative
increase oestrogen - COCP, HRT, obesity post-menopausal
no breastfeeding or pregnancy
alcohol
What are some symptoms of breast cancer?
painless increasing mass - hard, irregular margin, skin tethering, nodular swelling nipple - discharge, inversion skin tethering inflammation pathological fracture
What are endocrine treatments for breast cancer?
tamoxifen - pre-menopause
aromatase inhibitors - post-menopausal
What are other drug treatments for breast cancer?
trastuzumab - monoclonal antibody for HER2+
bisphosphonates - decrease bone metastases
What are initial treatment for breast cancer?
surgery - lumpectomy or mastectomy
chemo - for aggressive cancers
radio - all surgical cancers
What age group are breast cysts more common in?
30-55 years
What age group are fibroadenomas more common in?
25-30 years
What is the most common cause of nipple discharge?
intraductal papilloma
What does HER-2 receptor mean for type of cancer and treatment?
faster growing cancer but responds better to treatment
- trastuzumab (monoclonal antibody)
What is a fibroadenoma?
proliferation of connective tissue stroma and glands can develop calcification
