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Residency > Breast Cancer Drug Mechanisms > Flashcards

Breast Cancer Drug Mechanisms Flashcards

1
Q

Raloxifene

A

SERM

Binds to ERs, where it has agonist/antagonist actions depending on the tissue

Estrogenic on bone
Anti-estrogenic on breast

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2
Q

Tamoxifen

A

SERM

Binds to ERs, where it has agonist/antagonist actions depending on the tissue

Estrogenic on bone, uterus
Anti-estrogenic on breast

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3
Q

Ademaciclib (Verzenio)

A

CDK 4/6 inhibitor -> prevents phosphorylation/inactivation of Rb protein -> prevents DNA transcription by E2F needed for DNA replication

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4
Q

Methotrexate

A

Antimetabolite

Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase -> dec. active folate -> dec. thymidine -> dec. DNA synthesis

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5
Q

Paclitaxel Albumin-stabilized Nanoparticle Formulation (Abraxane)

A

Microtubule inhibitor

Albumin carries paclitaxel into tumor interstitium via albumin-activated gp60 pathway

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6
Q

Ado-Trastuzumab (Kadcyla, TDM1)

A

Trastuzumab binds to HER2 receptor -> flags cells for immune destruction, decreases intercellular HER2-directed growth pathways

Emtansine is a microtubule inhibitor

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7
Q

Everolimus (Afinitor)

A

mTOR inhibitor -> dec. cell proliferation

Hypoxia-inducible factor inhibitor -> dec. VEGF

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8
Q

Anastrozole (Arimidex)

A

Aromatase inhibitor

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9
Q

Capecitabine (Xeloda)

A

Antimetabolite

Prodrug converted to 5-FU -> thymidylate synthetase inhibitor -> dec. thymidine -> dec. DNA synthesis

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10
Q

Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)

A

Alkylating agent

Creates crosslinks between DNA -> dec. DNA synthesis

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11
Q

Docetaxel (Taxotere)

A

Microtubule inhibitor

Hyperstabilizes microtubules -> prevents microtubule disassembly -> dec. cell division

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12
Q

Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)

A

DNA intercalater -> prevents DNA/RNA polymerase from attaching to base pairs

Topoisomerase II inihbitor

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13
Q

Epirubicin (Ellence)

A

DNA intercalater -> prevents DNA/RNA polymerase from attaching to base pairs

Topoisomerase II inihbitor

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14
Q

Eribulin (Halaven)

A

Microtubule inhibitor

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15
Q

Exemestane (Aromasin)

A

Steroidal aromastase inhibitor

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16
Q

Letrozole (Femara)

A

Non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor

17
Q

Gemcitabine (Gemzar)

A

Thymidylate synthetase inhibitor -> dec. thymidine -> dec. DNA synthesis

18
Q

Goserelin (Zoladex)

A

Synthetic analogue of LHRH -> Inhibition of pituitary gonadotropin secretion -> dec. LH -> ovarian suppression of E

19
Q

Trastuzumab (Herceptin)

A

Binds to Her2 -> flags cells for immune destruction, decreases intercellular HER2-directed growth pathways

20
Q

Palbociclib (Ibrance)

A

CDK 4/6 inhibitor -> prevents phosphorylation/inactivation of Rb protein -> prevents DNA transcription by E2F needed for DNA replication

21
Q

Ixabepilone (Ixempra)

A

Microtuble inhibitor

22
Q

Ribociclib (Kisqali)

A

CDK 4/6 inhibitor -> prevents phosphorylation/inactivation of Rb protein -> prevents DNA transcription by E2F needed for DNA replication

23
Q

Lapatinib (Tykerb)

A

4-anilinoquinazoline kinase inhibitor of EGFR and EGFR type 2 -> inhibits ErbB-driven growth

24
Q

Neratinib (Nerlynx)

A

Irreversibly binds to EGFR, Her2, and Her4 -> prevents autophosphorylation of tyrosine on receptors -> dec. oncogenic signaling

25
Q

Paclitaxel (Taxol)

A

Microtubule inhibitor

26
Q

Pertuzumab (Perjeta)

A

Binds to Her2 receptors -> inhibit interaction with other Her family members

27
Q

Vinblastine

A

Microtubule inhibitor

28
Q

Carboplatin

A

Alkylating agent

Creates crosslinks between DNA -> dec. DNA synthesis

29
Q

Cisplatin

A

Alkylating agent

Creates crosslinks between DNA -> dec. DNA synthesis

30
Q

Liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil)

A

DNA intercalater -> prevents DNA/RNA polymerase from attaching to base pairs

Topoisomerase II inihbitor

31
Q

Vinorelbine

A

Microtubule inhibitor

Residency (3 decks)

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