Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Oncology Exam 3 > Breast Cancer > Flashcards

Breast Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

Risk factors for breast cancer

A 
>/= 50
Family history
Atypical hyperplasia
Early menarche
Late menopause 
Obesity
Breast density
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

T/F African Americans have a lower age of onset for breast cancer compared to caucasians

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Obesity and breast cancer

A
  1. oestrogen = produce estrogen
  2. Insulin growth factor
  3. Inflammation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

T/F a first degree relative with breast cancer triples your risk of breast cancer

A

false

doubles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

T/F if you have 2 first degree relatives with breast cancer increases your risk 5x

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

If you have a proven BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation your lifetime risk of developing breast cancer is ____%

A

80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

If no genetic testing is done, when would you suspect someone has a genetic factor in breast cancer?

A
  1. cancer occurs at early age
  2. history of ovarian cancer
  3. bilateral breast cancer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

BRCA1 is on what chromosome?

BRCA2 is on what chromosome?

A

17

13

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T/F having BRCA2 has a increased lifetime risk of developing breast cancer compared to BRCA1

A

False!

BRCA 1> BRCA2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations leads to what?

A

genomic instability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

T/F either parent can pass on a BRCA1/2 mutation

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T/F not having kids increases your risk for breast cancer

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T/F by the time breast cancer is palpable the cancer may have been present for years

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T/F when breast cancer spreads to the axilla it is considered metastatic

A

false!

considered local-regional spread

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Positive axillary lymph nodes are predictive of what?

A

distant micro-metastasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

T/F approximately 70% of new cases of breast cancer are ER(-)

A

false

70% ER(+)

17
Q

Breast cancer presentation

A

painless lump

Mass usually solitary, unilateral, hard, irregular, non-movable

18
Q

Which is better self breast exam or mammography?

A

mammography!

little benefit to self-exam

19
Q

How does breast density relate to breast cancer?

A

extremely dense more likely to have breast cancer

20
Q

T/F calcium in your diet can cause calcium deposits in the breast

A

False!

21
Q

Calcium deposits in your breast is indicative of what?

A

breast cancer

22
Q

Of the 10% abnormal mammography’s are most benign or abnormal and need a biopsy?

A

most are benign!

Of those that are biopsied those are majority benign

23
Q

T/F it is important to re-assure patients that a single abnormal mammogram is usually not cancer

A

true

24
Q

T/F DCIS does not have an independent blood supply

A

true

25
Q

T/F all breast cancer is curable

A

false!

Metastatic is NOT

26
Q

Is radical mastectomy the superior surgery?

A

no!

Should never be done!!!

27
Q

Can sentinel lymph node biopsy be used in all breast cancers?

A

NO!

not in DCIS

28
Q

What is a proliferative marker of breast cancer?

A

Ki-67

29
Q

Describe African americans risk for breast cancer

A

younger age
larger tumors
more frequent triple negative
higher rates of p53 mutations

30
Q

Triple negative breast cancer

A 
Her 2 (-)
Estrogen receptor (-)
Progesterone receptor (-)
*more often BRCA1 mutation and African American
31
Q

HER 2 positive breast cancer

A

ER (-)
PR (-)
LN+
High grade

32
Q

What drugs can be used in chemoprevention for breast cancer?

A

SERMS
Estradiol antagonists
Aromatase inhibitors

33
Q

Who would you not use AIs in?

A

pre-menopausal women

34
Q

Who would you not use raloxifene in?

A

DCIS

35
Q

Who would you use raloxifene in?

A

May be preferred with history of endometrial cancer or thrombosis
Bone preserving

36
Q

What SERMS are used in breast cancer?

A

Tamoxifen, Raloxifene, Toremifene

37
Q

SERMs ADE

A

VTE
endometrial cancer
post-menopausal symptoms

38
Q

AI ADE

A

osteoporosis

musculoskeletal pain

39
Q

Are 1st gen or 3rd gen AIs preferred in breast cancer?

A

third gen

Letrozole, anastrozole, exemestane

Oncology Exam 3 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions