Breast Cancer Flashcards
Risk factors for breast cancer
>/= 50 Family history Atypical hyperplasia Early menarche Late menopause Obesity Breast density
T/F African Americans have a lower age of onset for breast cancer compared to caucasians
true
Obesity and breast cancer
- oestrogen = produce estrogen
- Insulin growth factor
- Inflammation
T/F a first degree relative with breast cancer triples your risk of breast cancer
false
doubles
T/F if you have 2 first degree relatives with breast cancer increases your risk 5x
true
If you have a proven BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation your lifetime risk of developing breast cancer is ____%
80
If no genetic testing is done, when would you suspect someone has a genetic factor in breast cancer?
- cancer occurs at early age
- history of ovarian cancer
- bilateral breast cancer
BRCA1 is on what chromosome?
BRCA2 is on what chromosome?
17
13
T/F having BRCA2 has a increased lifetime risk of developing breast cancer compared to BRCA1
False!
BRCA 1> BRCA2
BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations leads to what?
genomic instability
T/F either parent can pass on a BRCA1/2 mutation
true
T/F not having kids increases your risk for breast cancer
true
T/F by the time breast cancer is palpable the cancer may have been present for years
True
T/F when breast cancer spreads to the axilla it is considered metastatic
false!
considered local-regional spread
Positive axillary lymph nodes are predictive of what?
distant micro-metastasis
T/F approximately 70% of new cases of breast cancer are ER(-)
false
70% ER(+)
Breast cancer presentation
painless lump
Mass usually solitary, unilateral, hard, irregular, non-movable
Which is better self breast exam or mammography?
mammography!
little benefit to self-exam
How does breast density relate to breast cancer?
extremely dense more likely to have breast cancer
T/F calcium in your diet can cause calcium deposits in the breast
False!
Calcium deposits in your breast is indicative of what?
breast cancer
Of the 10% abnormal mammography’s are most benign or abnormal and need a biopsy?
most are benign!
Of those that are biopsied those are majority benign
T/F it is important to re-assure patients that a single abnormal mammogram is usually not cancer
true
T/F DCIS does not have an independent blood supply
true
